• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.158-169
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• 2004

The efficient maintenance system of lead-acid battery was builted based cm analysis of charging and discharging current. This system was designed for the purpose of protecting the overdischarge of battery. So, We could protect the shortening lifetime of battery. It is checked the charging and discharging current of battery to decide the cut-off point by $\mu$-processor 80c196. Two current sensors were used to sense the current and the $\mu$-processer calculated amount of charging and discharging current of battery. And then display the state of charge.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.361-367
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• 2014

This paper introduces balancing energy and memory consumption for lifetime increase of wireless sensor network. In cluster-based wireless sensor network, sensor nodes adjacent of cluster heads have a tendency to deplete their own battery energy and cluster heads occupy memory space significantly. If the nodes close to region where events occur frequently consume their energy and memory fully, network might be destroyed even though most of nodes are still alive. Therefore, it needs to balance network energy and memory with consideration of event occurrence probability so that network lifetime is increased. We show a method of balancing wireless sensor network energy and memory to organize cluster groups and elect cluster heads in terms of event occurrence probability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.477-477
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• 2009

Bimodal Tram developed by KRRI is driven by a series Hybrid propulsion system which has both the CNG engine, generator and LPB(Lithium Polymer Battery) pack. It has three driving modes; Hybrid mode, Engine mode and Battery mode. Even in case of Battery mode, LPB pack to get enough power to drive the vehicle only by itself onsists of 168 LPB cells(80Ah per lcell), 650V. It is important thing to manage LPB pack in a right way, which will extend the lifetime of LPB cells and operate in the hybrid mode effectively. This paper has shown the development of battery management system(12 BMS, 1 BMS per 14cells) to manage LPB pack which is connected with CAN(Controller Area Network) each other and measure the voltage, current, temperature and also control the cooling fan inside of LPB pack. Using the measured data, BMS can show the SOC(State of Charge), SOH(State of Health) and other status of LPB pack including of the cell balancing.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.217-226
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• 2016

A new method is proposed based on a hidden Markov model (HMM) to estimate and analyze battery states of health. Battery system health states are defined according to the relationship between internal resistance and lifetime of cells. The source data (terminal voltages and currents) can be obtained from vehicular battery models. A characteristic value extraction method is proposed for HMM. A recognition framework and testing datasets are built to test the estimation rates of different states. Test results show that the estimation rates achieved based on this method are above 90% under single conditions. The method achieves the same results under hybrid conditions. We can also use the HMMs that correspond to hybrid conditions to estimate the states under a single condition. Therefore, this method can achieve the purpose of the study in estimating battery life states. Only voltage and current are used in this method, thereby establishing its simplicity compared with other methods. The batteries can also be tested online, and the method can be used for online prediction.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.433-438
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• 2012

LED is expected as an environmentally friendly next generation light source with its good reliability and long lifetime. In this paper, we propose the PV-Battery Driven LED Security Lighting using the LabVIEW program. The remote monitoring is a program for monitoring the voltage and current that made from PV-Battery Driven LED security lighting in remote area. The main subject of this paper is about making the more useful monitoring program to get and save the data from LED Security Lighting. We develop a prototype of the proposed system.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.193-196
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• 2003

For a power source of usual electronic devices such as PDA, smart phone, UPS and electric vehicle, the battery made of serially connected multiple cells is generally used. In this case, if there are some unbalanced among cell voltages, the total lifetime and the total capacity of the battery are limited to a lower value. To maintain a balanced condition in cells, an effective method of regulating the cell voltage in indispensable. In this paper introduced a method for battery balancing system using dissipation in the resistance.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.165-173
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• 2008

Hybrid ad hoc networks are integrated networks referred to Home Networks, Telematics and Sensor networks can offer various services. Specially, in ad hoc network where each node is responsible for forwarding neighbor nodes' data packets, it should net only reduce the overall energy consumption but also balance individual battery power. Unbalanced energy usage will result in earlier node failure in overloaded nodes. it leads to network partitioning and reduces network lifetime. Therefore, this paper studied the routing protocol considering efficiency of energy. The suggested algorithm can predict the status of energy in each node using the energy prediction model. This can reduce the overload of establishing route path and balance individual battery power. The suggested algorithm can reduce power consumption as well as increase network lifetime.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.449-458
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• 1998

The Korea Muliti-Purpose Satellite(KOMPSAT) uses a sun-synchronous orbit with an altitude 685km as mission orbit and undergoes earth eclipses and infrequently lunar eclipses. Lunar eclipses occur when the moon is located between the sun and the satellite and blocks partially or fully the sunlight. The eclipse causes the satellite to increase battery discharge times and affects satellite lifetime and mission operation. The KOMPSAT lunar eclipses can cause additional effects to energy balance and battery disc of the KOMPSAT lunar eclipse for 3 year mission lifetime. Also mission planning scenario is presented for lunar eclipses at the KOMPSAT Grouns Station(KGS).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.657-658
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• 2015

In an wireless sensor network, energy efficient routing protocol is important for multi-hop transmission because senor nodes are powered by battery. In multi-hop transmission, specifice nodes are used and the battery power becomes low, it induce the asymetric remaining power among the nodes and makes the network lifetime reduced. In this paper, we propose a power-aware routing protocol which determines the routing path considering the remaining power of the nodes. Simulation results shows that the proposed routing scheme minimize the transmission delay and increase the network lifetime.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1276-1295
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• 2023

Sensor networks are now an essential aspect of wireless communication, especially with the introduction of new gadgets and protocols. Their ability to be deployed anywhere, especially where human presence is undesirable, makes them perfect choices for remote observation and control. Despite their vast range of applications from home to hostile territory monitoring, limited battery power remains a limiting factor in their efficacy. To analyze and transmit data, it requires intelligent use of available battery power. Several studies have established effective routing algorithms based on clustering. However, choosing optimal cluster heads and similarity measures for clustering significantly increases computing time and cost. This work proposes and implements a simple two-phase technique of route creation and maintenance to ensure route reliability by employing nature-inspired ant colony optimization followed by the fuzzy decision engine (FDE). Benchmark methods such as PSO, ACO and GWO are compared with the proposed HRCM's performance. The objective has been focused towards establishing the superiority of proposed work amongst existing optimization methods in a standalone configuration. An average of 15% improvement in energy consumption followed by 12% improvement in latency reduction is observed in proposed hybrid model over standalone optimization methods.