• Title/Summary/Keyword: Barrier-Free

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Diagnostic Paper Chip for Reliable Quantitative Detection of Albumin using Retention Factor (체류 인자를 이용한, 알부민의 정량 분석용 종이 칩)

  • Jeong, Seong-Geun;Lee, Sang-Ho;Lee, Chang-Soo
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.254-259
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    • 2013
  • Herein we present a diagnostic paper chip that can quantitatively detect albumin without external electronic reader and dispensing apparatus. We fabricated a diagnostic paper chip device by printing wax barrier on the paper and wicking it with citrate buffer and tetrabromophenol blue to detect albumin in sample solution. The paper chip is so simple that we dropped a sample solution at sample pad and measure the ratio of two travel distances of the sample solvent and albumin under the name of retention factor. Our result confirmed that the retention factor was constant in the samples with same concentration of albumin and useful determinant for the measurement of albumin concentration. The paper chip is affordable and equipment-free, and close to ideal point-of-care test in accordance with the assured criteria, outlined by the World Health Organization. We assume that this diagnostic paper chip will expand the concept of colorimetric determination and provide a inexpensive diagnostic method to aging society and developing country.

Improvement of Permeation of Solvent-free Multi-layer Encapsulation of Thin Films on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) (고분자 기판위에 유기 용매를 사용하지 않은 다층 박막 Encapsulation 기술 개발)

  • Han Jin-Woo;Kang Hee-Jin;Kim Jong-Yeon;Seo Dae-Shik
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.19 no.8
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    • pp.754-757
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    • 2006
  • The inorganic multi-layer thin film encapsulation was newly adopted to protect the organic layer from moisture and oxygen. Using the electron beam, sputter, inorganic multi-layer thin-film encapsulation was deposited onto the Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and their interface properties between inorganic and organic layer were investigated. In this investigation, the SiON, $SiO_2$ and parylene layer showed the most suitable properties. Under these conditions, the WVTR for PET can be reduced from level of $0.57g/m^2/day$ (bare subtrate) to $1*10^{-5}g/m^2/day$ after application of a SiON and $SiO_2$ layer. These results indicates that the $PET/SiO_2/SiON/Parylene$ barrier coatings have high potential for flexible organic light-emitting diode(OLED) applications.

Planning for the Outdoor Space of Senior Housing Complex in Kimje (김제 노인주거단지 외부공간 계획에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Shi-Young
    • The Journal of Natural Sciences
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.77-94
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to present a design proposal of the senior housing in the city of Kimje and design guidelines for making outdoor spaces for Korean elderly. To do this, this study examined previous research papers and scholastic writings, related to elderly housing, and analyzed study cases of elderly housing. As a result, design guidelines of outdoor spaces for elderly were classified 5 types. Entrance area of housing complex is subdivided into the condition of location, the entrance of housing complex, an access road, and a direction mark. Building entrance area is subdivided into an access and waiting area, a canopy facility, and the pattern and color of boundary. In & outdoor neutral area is subdivided into a spatial standard, a patio, and a terrace. Parking lots is subdivided into a spatial standard and an entrance access. Outdoor living area is subdivided into a spatial and social standard, the usage of movable chairs, a garden, a pocket park, a lawn area, a sports area, an active and passive sports area, a promenade, a lookout area and so on. In these study cases, outdoor living area is commonly located into a community space, a nature friendly space, a health & sports space, and an outlook space and it plays positive role to the elderly. However, versatile outdoor spaces such as horticultural therapy garden is needed, which can be able to stimulate the physical senses of the elderly. This proposal is meant to create new outdoor spaces of a senior housing and to enhance the way of life of elderly.

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Vibrational Analysis of Azacrown Ether Complex with Li Metal Cation

  • Min, Kyung-Chul;Park, Sun-Kyung;Lee, Choong-Keun;Kim, Chang-Suk;Lee, Nam-Soo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.31 no.11
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    • pp.3385-3390
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    • 2010
  • $Li^+$ ion complex of azacrown ether with restricted motion of freedom and pseudo-bilateral symmetry was studied by infrared spectroscopy, which has shown simplified and broadened vibrational features. The C=O and N-H stretching bands, in particular, shows anomalous broadening nearly ${\sim}50\;cm^{-1}$. The density functional calculation at the level of BP86/6-31+$G^{**}$ shows that $Li^+$ ion is trapped and rather free to move around inside the cavity, as much as about $0.70\;{\AA}$. Through the relocation of $Li^+$ ion inside the cavity, the conformational changes would occur rapidly in its symmetry $C_1\;{\rightleftarrows}\;C_2\;{\rightleftarrows}\;C_1$$. The potential barrier was obtained to be merely ~2.2 kJ/mol for $C_1\;{\rightarrow}\;C_2$. During this conformational alteration, the amide backbone twists concurrently its dihedral angle side to side about up to ${\pm}3$ degree. Selected vibrational modes were interpreted in terms of the force constant variations of local symmetry coordinates between conformations in the framework of $C_1\;{\rightleftarrows}\;C_2\;{\rightleftarrows}\;C_1$.

Corrosion of Copper in Anoxic Ground Water in the Presence of SRB

  • Carpen, L.;Rajala, P.;Bomberg, M.
    • Corrosion Science and Technology
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.147-153
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    • 2018
  • Copper is used in various applications in environments favoring and enabling formation of biofilms by naturally occurring microbes. Copper is also the chosen corrosion barrier for nuclear waste in Finland. The copper canisters should have lifetimes of 100,000 years. Copper is commonly considered to be resistant to corrosion in oxygen-free water. This is an important argument for using copper as a corrosion protection in the planned canisters for spent nuclear-fuel encapsulation. However, microbial biofilm formation on metal surfaces can increase corrosion in various conditions and provide conditions where corrosion would not otherwise occur. Microbes can alter pH and redox potential, excrete corrosion-inducing metabolites, directly or indirectly reduce or oxidize the corrosion products, and form biofilms that create corrosive microenvironments. Microbial metabolites are known to initiate, facilitate, or accelerate general or localized corrosion, galvanic corrosion, and intergranular corrosion, as well as enable stress-corrosion cracking. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are present in the repository environment. Sulfide is known to be a corrosive agent for copper. Here we show results from corrosion of copper in anoxic simulated ground water in the presence of SRB enriched from the planned disposal site.

An analysis of the Physical Features for the disabled of Civic Service Offices in the City of Daegu (지체장애인의 편의증진을 위한 동사무소 물리적 환경 분석 및 개선방안)

  • Lee, Jung-Hoon;Kim, Hyoun-Joo;Kim, Sung-Hwa;Choi, Moo-Hyuck
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.15 no.2 s.55
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    • pp.108-117
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    • 2006
  • This study is to promote barrier-free environment to accommodate the request and the need for accessibility and convenience of disabled people including pregnant women, children and the elderly in using civic service offices which are supposed to play a role as community centers. This study researches the current state of facilities for convenience and analyzes the result according to the type of reasons which prevent disabled persons to get the accessibility and convenience for the information as well as the facilities. Sample cases are 15 civic service offices which are newly built after 1998 in the city of Daegu. There are found three types of problems about convenient facilities, which are the first cases with facilities not installed, the second cases with facilities not properly installed according to the rule, and the third cases with facilities installed properly according to the rule but inconvenient for the actual use. This study proposes a more critical process for the building permit to promote the rate of proper installation of convenience facilities, and the supplementary law with more specific regulations to improve the physical environment for the actual use of physically disabled people.

Molecular Behavior and Electro-Chemical Properties of Dendrimer and Staff-type Polymer Monolayers in Crown Function Group (크라운 기능기를 포함한 덴드리머 및 Staff-type 고분자 단분자막의 분자거동 및 전기ㆍ화학적 특성)

  • 장정수
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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    • v.52 no.5
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    • pp.213-213
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    • 2003
  • We investigated the monolayer behavior at the air-water interface with metal solution, the surface morphologies and the electrical properties such as conductivity, The calculated conductivity values of pure water subphase and its complexes with L $i^{+}$ ions are 5.6$\times$10$^{-l6}$ and 1.9$\times$10$^{-14}$ [S/cm], respectively. And the calculated barrier height D values of pure water subphase and its complexes with Li. ions are 0.70 and 0.66 [eV], respectively. We also attempted to fabricate a crown dendrimer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films containing functional end group that could form a complex structure with metal ions. Also, we investigated the surface activity of dendrimer films at air-water interface. In AFM images. the larger domains irregularly shaped structures on the top while the smaller ones were free from such defects. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that the metal ion around dendrimer and polymer included crown function group can contribute to make formation of network structure among crown function group and result in change of electrical properties.s.s.

Molecular Behavior and Electro-Chemical Properties of Dendrimer and Staff-type Polymer Monolayers in Crown Function Group (크라운 기능기를 포함한 덴드리머 및 Staff-type 고분자 단분자막의 분자거동 및 전기ㆍ화학적 특성)

  • 장정수
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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    • v.52 no.5
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2003
  • We investigated the monolayer behavior at the air-water interface with metal solution, the surface morphologies and the electrical properties such as conductivity, The calculated conductivity values of pure water subphase and its complexes with L $i^{+}$ ions are 5.6$\times$10$^{-l6}$ and 1.9$\times$10$^{-14}$ [S/cm], respectively. And the calculated barrier height D values of pure water subphase and its complexes with Li. ions are 0.70 and 0.66 [eV], respectively. We also attempted to fabricate a crown dendrimer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films containing functional end group that could form a complex structure with metal ions. Also, we investigated the surface activity of dendrimer films at air-water interface. In AFM images. the larger domains irregularly shaped structures on the top while the smaller ones were free from such defects. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that the metal ion around dendrimer and polymer included crown function group can contribute to make formation of network structure among crown function group and result in change of electrical properties.s.s.

A Study on Universal Design Guideline of the Urban Railway Station: Transit Zone (도시철도 역사 환승구간의 유니버설 디자인 기준에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Byoung-Keun;Lee, Ju-Yeon
    • Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.35-44
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: Recently, Universal design has been applied to a variety of concepts of social integration in the national legislation and institutions, however, the applying to urban railway station is not satisfied. Most of cases, the handicapped can not work continuously, universal design must be provided. Methods: This study derives the detailed criteria through comparing and analyzing an national and international universal design-related system in transit zone. And the status is investigated in transit zone of domestic urban railway station. Improved national standard requirements are derived considering the type of the handicapped and universal design principles. Result: The domestic status shows that the most lacking entry criteria is not specified in national standards or the design is a lowest-level required by criteria through comparing detailed criteria drawn into domestic analysis. Therefore, in order to provide a pedestrian environment to meet the universal design principles and requirements for the handicapped, there is a need to re-establish with a specific national standards. Implications: This study will draw on universal design standards for seamless transfer in transit zone of urban railway station. The next studies are needed to target the overall paths ranging from outside to landing in urban railway station.

A Study on the Aged and Disabled-Friendly Public Health Centers (보건소의 노인 및 장애인 친화적 시설 실태 및 개선방안 연구)

  • Seo, Young-Joon;Kim, Yeon-Hee;Shin, Min-Kyung;Chio, Dae-Bong;Kang, Shin-Hee;Kwon, Soon-Jung;Jeong, Seung-Won
    • Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.3-11
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    • 2009
  • This study purports to investigate the status quo of the aged and disabled-friendly system in public health centers through the questionnaire survey and field interview. Data were collected from a total of 101 public health centers. The survey results revealed that the aged and disabled-friendly system in public health centers were not sufficient for meeting the needs of the elderly and disabled people. Based upon the study results, the following suggestions can be made to establish the aged and the disabled-friendly system in public health centers. The results of the study will make a contribution to establishing a good system for the aged and the disabled persons. In detail, they will be able to provide useful information for evaluating the status quo of the aged and the disabled-friendly system in many institutions. In addition, The results could be used as a practical strategy for improving the quality of the facilities for the aged and the disabled. In conclusion, the strategy and evaluation tool developed in the study will provide a good guide for establishing the aged and the disabled-friendly system in any institutions.

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