• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.112-121
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• 2002

This paper describes a new bike system for the postural balance rehabilitation training. Virtual environment and three dimensional graphic model is designed with CAD tools such as 3D Studio Max and World Up. For the real time bike simulation, the optimized WorldToolKit graphic library is embedded with the dynamic geometry generation method, multi-thread method, and portal generation method. In this experiment, 20 normal adults were tested to investigate the influencing factors of balancing posture. We evaluated the system by measuring the parameters such as path deviation, driving velocity, COP(center for pressure), and average weight shift. Also, we investigated the usefulness of visual feedback information by weight shift. The results showed that continuous visual feedback by weight shift was more effective than no visual feedback in the postural balance control It is concluded this system might be applied to clinical use as a new postural balance training system.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.321-325
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• 2022

Purpose: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a condition defined as pain and dysfunction of temporomandibular joints and masticatory muscles. Abnormal interconnections between temporomandibular muscles and cervical spine structures can cause the changes of postural alignment and balance ability. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in static balance ability in subjects with painrelated TMD. Methods: This study conducted on 25 subjects with TMD and 25 control subjects with no TMD. Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) of the masseter and temporalis muscles were measured using a pressure algometer. Static balance ability was assessed during one leg standing using an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor. During balance task, the IMU sensors measured motion and transfer movement data for center of mass (COM) motion, ankle sway and hip sway. Results: PPTs of masseter and temporalis muscles were significantly lower in the TMD group than in the control group (p<0.05). One leg standing, hip sway, and COM sway results were significantly greater in the TMD group (p<0.05), but ankle sways were not different between group. Conclusion: We suggest pain-related TMD is positively related to reduced PPTs of masticatory muscles and to static balance ability. These results should be considered together with global body posture when evaluating or treating pain-related TMD.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2024

Background: For instance, forward head posture (FHP), characterized by the forward movement of the head relative to the spine, places significant stress on the neck and upper back muscles, disrupting the biomechanical balance of the body. Objects: The objective of this study was to probe the biomechanical effects of FHP on musculoskeletal health through a relative analysis of 26 adults diagnosed with FHP and 26 healthy controls. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the biomechanical impacts of FHP. Participants adjusted their head positions and underwent muscle strength tests, including electromyography assessments and the Biering-Sørensen test for trunk muscle endurance. Data analysis was conducted using Kinovea (Kinovea) and IBM SPSS software ver. 26.0 (IBM Co.) to compare muscle activities between groups with normal and FHPs. Results: The study shows that individuals with FHP have significantly lower muscle activity, endurance, and spinal extension in the erector spinae compared to those without, highlighting the detrimental effects of FHP on these muscles. Conclusion: This study underscores the impact of FHP on erector spinae function and emphasizes the need for posture correction to enhance musculoskeletal health and guide future research on intervention strategies.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2024

본 연구의 목적은 비만 뇌졸중 환자의 균형 훈련이 체성분과 균형 능력 회복에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는 것이었다. 운동 프로그램은 비만군과 정상 체중 군을 동일하게 실험군(obesity)과 대조군(정상체중)으로 나누어 하루 30분, 일주일에 5일 동안 균형 훈련을 실시했다. 실험군과 대조군 모두 사전, 사후 체성분과 BSS(Biodex Medical Systems)를 8주간 수집하였다. 그 결과 그룹 내 체성분 자료를 비교해 보면 비만군은 모든 매개변수에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 또한 그룹 간 모든 매개변수 간에도 통계적인 차이를 보였다(p<.05). LOS(Limits Of Stability)의 그룹 내 자료를 비교해 보면, 비만군은 '후면'과 '좌측'을 제외한 모든 매개변수에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 그룹 간 자료에서 '전방' 매개변수는 유의한 차이를 보였다. PS(Posture Stability)의 그룹 내 자료를 비교해 보면, 비만군은 모든 매개변수에서 유의한 차이를 보였고(p<.05), 그룹 간 PS(Posture Stability) 결과는 'Med/lat'(p=.000)만으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 균형 훈련이 비만이 있는 뇌졸중 환자의 균형 능력 및 체성분에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2024

밸런스 보드 (Balance Board, BB)를 활용한 운동은 균형 감각 발달, 코어 근육 강화 등 신체 운동 능력 향상과 집중력 증진에 효과적이다. 특히, 다양한 디지털 콘텐츠와 연동되는 스마트 밸런스 보드 (Smart Balance Board, SBB)는 기존 밸런스 보드에 비해 적절한 피드백을 제공하여 운동 효과를 극대화한다. 그러나 대부분의 시스템들은 시/청각적인 피드백만 제공하여 사용자의 운동 몰입도 및 흥미 그리고 운동 자세의 정확성에 미치는 영향을 평가하지 못한다. 본 연구에서는 멀티 센서를 활용하여 다양한 피드백과 정확한 자세로 훈련이 가능한 몰입형 스마트 밸런스 보드 (Imemersive-SBB, I-SBB)를 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 아두이노 기반으로 보드의 자세을 측정하는 자이로 센서, 유/무선 통신을 위한 통신 모듈, 사용자의 정확한 발 위치를 유도하는 적외선 센서, 촉각 피드백을 위한 진동 모터로 구성되어 있다. 측정된 보드의 자세는 칼만 필터 (Kalman Filter)를 이용하여 부드럽게 보정되고, 멀티 센서 데이터는 FreeRTOS를 활용해 실시간으로 병렬처리된다. 제안된 I-SBB는 다양한 콘텐츠와 연동하여 사용자의 집중도 및 몰입도 향상과 흥미 유발에 효과적임을 보인다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2017

Background: Many studies have reported positive results of the various mirror training and virtual reality games in improving dynamic standing balance and posture adjustment in chronic stroke patients. However, no systematic study has been conducted to compare the effects of virtual reality games and the mirror balance training. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Wii balance games and Mirror Self-Balancing Exercises in improving proprioception of knee joint and standing balance of people with chronic stroke. Methods: Twenty patients with chronic stroke volunteered for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into a Wii balance games group and a Mirror Self-Balancing Exercises group with 10 patients in each group. Each training was performed for 30 mins a day for 4 days. In addition to the balance training, 30 mins neuro-developmental-treatment based routine physical therapy was given to both groups. Proprioception was measured using two continuous passive motion devices, and static balance was measured using a Wii balance board. Dynamic balance assessment tools included the Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, and Timed Up-and-Go test. Results: All measured variables before and after the experimental results showed a significant improvement in both groups (p<.05). Only the improvement of the affected knee proprioception appeared to be significantly greater in the Wii balance game group (p<.05). However, other variables did not differ between the groups (p>.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that both Wii balance games and Mirror Self-Balancing Exercises may be helpful for improving the proprioception of knee joint and the balance of patients with chronic stroke.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of balance training on a three-dimensional balance trainer that provides the up-and-down vertical movement of the knee joint and left-and-right horizontal movement, along with visual feedback on the functional ability of children with spastic cerebral palsy (CPs). METHODS: 8 CPs participated in this study. The experiment was implemented for 40 minutes, three times a week for a total of six weeks. The subjects received general physiotherapy for 15 minutes in each session focused on balance and walking, as based on the neuro-developmental treatment theory. Balance training was performed for 20 minutes on a three-dimensional balance trainer where knee joint movement providing visual feedback is applied. The evaluations were conducted before and after the test, and posture sway was measured using 10 Meter Walking Test (10MWT), Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), and the Good Balance System to evaluate the functional ability and balance of the subjects RESULTS: 10MWT was not statistically significant (p>.05). On the contrary, TUG and postural sway indicate static balance showed a statistically significant decrease (p<.05). In a static balance test using the Good Balance System, the average moving speed statistically significantly decreased in the AP and ML directions (p<.05), and the mean velocity moment also significantly decreased (p<.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that balance training using the three-dimensional balance trainer, with the features of visual feedback and up-and-down knee joint movement effects on increasing dynamic and static balance.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2008

본 연구는 현 국가대표 선수들을 대상으로 평균대에서 백핸드 수완 동작의 성공과 실패를 운동학적 분석을 통해 비교하여 기술의 실수 요인을 규명하여 지도자 및 선수들에게 과학적으로 유용한 정보를 제공하고 경기력 향상에 기여 하는데 연구의 목적을 두었다. 신체중심 변위와 속도 변화에서 실수 동작에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인은 좌우 신체중심 속도 변화와 수평과 수직 속도 변화로 나타났고 좌우 가속도 변화는 성공시 보다 실패시 동작이 더 크게 증가하였으며 E3과 E5에서 수평과 수직 가속도가 뒤 공중돌기와 착지구간에 영향을 미치는 중요한 구간으로 나타났다. 성공과 실패시 차이가 나타난 각속도 변화는 머리와 견관절 결과에서 두드러지게 나타났으며 머리와 견관절 각가속도를 가장 크게 해야 하는 순간은 E4라고 판단되며 이 구간에서 신체가 굴곡된 자세에서 순간적으로 신전하는 동작을 취할 때 머리와 견관절, 고관절 등 각 관절의 각가속도를 크게 증가시켜 공중 동작의 체공시간과 회전 반경을 더욱 원활하게 할 수 있다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.144-148
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to utilizing the Tetrax$^{(R)}$ balance measuring instrument in order to analyze the postural balance of males and females in their 30 s diagnosed with chronic lower back pain who have followed a 12-week rehabilitation exercise program. The research also examines the effects on any change in back pain level. In terms of the variables in this research, postural balance (left/right, front/back, postural balance) and pain level change (0~100 mm) were measured. Pre-/post-experimental differences were assessed using the paired-t test. In addition, to identify any gender gap, we set the preliminary scores as a covariate and ran the Analysis of Covariance. Statistical significance (a) herein was set at 0.05. As a result of this research experiment, the left/right, front/back, and overall postural balance were found to increase in both the male and female cases, but with no statistical significance or gender gap. However, both males and females showed a significant decrease in their back pain levels. These findings demonstrate the necessity of continuing clinical research based on the Tetrax$^{(R)}$ equipment for scientific evaluation of the effects of rehabilitation exercises on chronic lower back pain patients and their balancing ability.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.459-463
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• 2008

Postural balance of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reflects the neuromuscular balance. TMJ posture treatment for meridian yinyang balance has been asserted to have an impact upon cervical spine alignment with an episodic good clinical result for refractory torticollis cases. A retrospective study with one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted to review cervical spine imaging data and clinical symptom changes in cervical dystonia cases to explore the effect of TMJ balance treatment. Review of clinical symptoms and cervical spine imaging data including computed tomography and simple x-ray of 9 cervical dystonia cases revealed significant improvement of cervical spine alignment and clinical symptoms. Improvement of cervical spine alignment may be an underlying mechanism of TMJ balance treatment, as a way of balancing the whole-body meridian system.