• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.17-22
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• 2023

Bloom syndrome protein (BLM) is a pivotal RecQ helicase necessary for genetic stability through DNA repair processes. Our investigation focuses on the N-terminal region of BLM, which has been considered as an intrinsically disordered region (IDR). This IDR plays a critical role in DNA metabolism by interacting with other proteins. In this study, we performed triple resonance experiments of BLM_220-300 and presented the backbone chemical shifts. The secondary structure prediction based on chemical shifts of the backbone atoms shows the region is disordered. Our data could help further interaction studies between BLM_220-300 and its binding partners using NMR.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.6B
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• pp.1165-1173
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• 1999

In order to support various multimedia communication services, a well balanced backbone network should be designed using recently advanced optical communication technologies. In this paper an optimal backbone network configuration design is presented fur Korean traffic environment. A new traffic model, Population-Distance-Gross Group Products(PDG) traffic model, is devised. In Korean network traffic environment, six regional centers are selected, link capacities between the regional centers are estimated from the PDG traffic model, and the overall network configuration is designed for the all-optical backbone network in Korea. A simulation study is carried out to verify the desired performance of the designed backbone network. Simulation results show that performance of the backbone network is well balanced to support various communication services in Korea in the 2000s.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.10B
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• pp.928-938
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• 2008

Though services requiring Quality-of-Service (QoS) guarantees such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) have been widely deployed on the internet, most of internet backbone networks, unfortunately, do not distinguish them from the best-effort services. Thus estimating the effective capacity meaning the traffic volume that the backbone networks maximally accommodate with keeping QoS guarantees for the services is very important for Internet Service Providers. This paper proposes a test-bed based on ns-2 to evaluate the effective capacity of backbone networks and then estimates the effective capacity of an experimental backbone network using the test-bed in terms of the service standard of the VoIP service. The result showed that the effective capacity of the network is estimated as between 12% and 55% of its physical capacity, which is depending on the maximum delay guarantee probability, and strongly affected by not only the type of offered workload but also the quality standard. Especially, it demonstrated that in order to improve the effective capacity the maximum end-to-end delay requirement of the VoIP service needs to be loosened in terms of the probability to guarantee.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.67-75
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• 2010

In this study, a series of 1 g shaking table tests were carried out for a single pile in soft clay with various input acceleration amplitudes and frequencies. Based on the results, dynamic p-y curves were drawn and, in turn, the dynamic p-y backbone curve was formed by connecting the peak points, corresponding to the maximum soil resistance, of the dynamic p-y curves. In order to represent the p-y backbone curve numerically, Matlock's p-y formulations for clay was used to find the initial stiffness ($k_{ini}$) and the ultimate capacity ($p_u$) of the clay, both of which are required to formulate the p-y backbone curve as a hyperbolic function. The suggested p-y backbone curve was verified through comparisons with currently available p-y curves as well as other researchers' centrifuge test results and numerical analysis results.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

Routing through a backbone, which is responsible for performing and managing multipoint communication, reduces the communication overhead and overall energy consumption in wireless sensor networks. However, the backbone nodes will need extra functionality and therefore consume more energy compared to the other nodes. The power consumption imbalance among sensor nodes may cause a network partition and failures where the transmission from some sensors to the sink node could be blocked. Hence optimal construction of the backbone is one of the pivotal problems in sensor network applications and can drastically affect the network's communication energy dissipation. In this paper a distributed algorithm is proposed to generate backbone trees through robust multi-hop clusters in wireless sensor networks. The main objective is to form a properly designed backbone through multi-hop clusters by considering energy level and degree of each node. Our improved cluster head selection method ensures that energy is consumed evenly among the nodes in the network, thereby increasing the network lifetime. Comprehensive computer simulations have indicated that the newly proposed scheme gives approximately 10.36% and 24.05% improvements in the performances related to the residual energy level and the degree of the cluster heads respectively and also prolongs the network lifetime.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.23-33
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a novel traffic measurement based detection of network attack symptoms on high speed Internet backbone links. In order to do so, we characterize the traffic patterns from the normal and the network attacks appeared on Internet backbone links, and we derive two efficient measures for representing the network attack symptoms at aggregate traffic level. The two measures are the power spectrum and the ratio of packet counts to traffic volume of the aggregate traffic. And, we propose a new methodology to detect networks attack symptoms by measuring those traffic measures. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can detect the network attack symptoms very exactly and quickly. Unlike existing methods based on Individual packets or flows, since the proposed method is operated on the aggregate traffic level. the computational complexity can be significantly reduced and applicable to high speed Internet backbone links.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.193-209
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• 2014

Cyclic test of the columns is of practical relevance to the performance of compression members during an earthquake loading. The strength, ductility and energy absorption capabilities of reinforced concrete (RC) columns subjected to cyclic loading have been estimated by many researchers. These characteristics are not normally inherent in plain concrete but can be achieved by effectively confining columns through transverse reinforcement. An extensive experimental program, in which performance of four RC columns detailed according to provisions of ACI-318-08 was studied in contrast with that of four columns confined by a new proposed technique. This paper presents performance of columns reinforced by standard detailing and cast with 25 and 32 MPa concrete. The experimentally achieved load-displacement hysteresis and backbone curves of two columns are presented. The two approaches which work in conjunction with Response 2000 have been suggested to draw analytical back bone curves of RC columns. The experimental and analytical backbone curves are found in good agreement. This investigation gives a detail insight of the response of RC columns subjected to cyclic loads during their service life. The suggested analytical procedures will be available to the engineers involved in design to appraise the capacity of RC columns.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.73-84
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• 2007

MTH1821 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL ID O27849) is a 96-residue hypothetical protein from the open reading frame of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum H one of the target organisms of structural genomics pilot project. Proteins which contain conserved sequence compared with MTH1821 have not been discovered yet and the functional and structural information for MTH1821 is not available. Here, we present the sequence-specific backbone resonance using multidimensional heteronuc1ear NMR spectroscopy and propose the secondary structure using GetSBY software. The backbone resonances of N, HN, $C_{\alpha}$, $C_{\beta}$, CO and $H_{\alpha}$ which are necessary for a prediction of secondary structure by GetSBY were assigned about 98% (557/568). The secondary structure of MTH1821 confirmed that it is comprised of four strand regions and two helical regions. This report will provide a valuable resource for the calculation solution structure of MTH1821 and for the other hypothetical protein that is targeted for structural-based functional discovery.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.155-160
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• 2013

Structural information has been a major concern for biological and pharmaceutical studies for its intimate relationship to the function of a protein. Three-dimensional representation of the positions of protein atoms is utilized among many structural information repositories that have been published. The reliability of the torsional system, which represents the native processes of structural change in the structural analysis, was partially proven with previous structural alignment studies. Here, a web server providing structural information and analysis based on the backbone torsional representation of a protein structure is newly introduced. The web server offers functions of secondary structure database search, secondary structure calculation, and pair-wise protein structure comparison, based on a backbone torsion angle representation system. Application of the implementation in pair-wise structural alignment showed highly accurate results. The information derived from this web server might be further utilized in the field of ab initio protein structure modeling or protein homology-related analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.4 s.97
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• pp.205-212
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• 1999

A three dimensional binary parallel robot manipulator uses actuators which have only two stable states and its structure is variable geometry truss. As a result, it has a finite number of states and fault tolerant mechanism because of kinematic redundancy. This kind of robot manipulator has some advantages compared to a traditional one. Feedback control is not required, task repeatability can be very high, and finite state actuators are generally inexpensive. Because the number of states of a binary robot manipulator grows exponentially with the number of actuators it is very difficult to solve and inverse kinematic problem. The goal of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm to solve an inverse kinematic problem of three dimensional binary parallel robot manipulator using a backbone curve when the number of actuators are too much. We first derive the coordinate transformations associated with a three degree of freedom in-parallel actuated robot manipulator. The backbone curve is generated optimally by considering the maximum roll and pitch angles of the robot manipulator configuration and length of link. Then, the robot manipulator is fitted along the backbone curve with some criterion.