• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1-15
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a novel method for converting the existing 2D processes in the design and construction phase of civil engineering, to the future BIM-based processes. First, we compare and analyze the actual application processes of the outputs of the existing 2D method and the outputs of the 3D BIM method, for the whole process of BIM design of earthworks and road structures and integrated utilization of quantity, process(4D) and construction cost(5D), in view of life-cycle. The proposed method acquire the outputs of the design phase integrating IFC international common standard file information and CBS/OBS/WBS standard classification scheme information, and acquire the outputs of the construction stage by using an integrated utilization module for quantity, process(4D) and construction cost(5D). Ultimately, we intend to commercialize the step by step technologies for BIM design and construction in civil engineering by using the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.55-61
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• 2016

BIM is a rising core technology for increasing the productivity of the AEC industry, but such a paradigm shift is placing excessive demand on the practice of small medium size enterprises. BIM has many useful functions that are difficult to imagine in 2D CAD but BIM programs and the system buildup cost are too expensive. Therefore, small medium size enterprises hesitate to apply BIM in their fields. In this study, a customized 4D and 5D system was implemented using the building information generated from basic BIM tools, such as Revit, MS Project, Navisworks, and Excel VBA's customizing process to review the schedule and verify the quantities according to the schedule. Those programs are so basic in BIM circumstances, that small medium size enterprises can be equipped without burden. As a result, essential building information for 4D and 5D system implementation was investigated and its customizing process was established.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.74-83
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• 2013

Most current BIM systems are focused on the visual information of work status in the design and construction stages. In a passive BIM system, 3D CAD tool can visualize the interference elements of design drawings, however, it cannot suggest a solution to solve the interference status. And 4D CAD tool in the construction stage can simulate the appearance of each activity by construction schedule, however, it cannot suggest an optimized schedule plan considering specified schedule condition of the project. Recently, many organizations need BIM solutions that can improve the work status beyond the level of simple visual information from BIM system. Active BIM system can provide the solutions to the project manager. This study suggests active BIM functions for the solutions and attempts to develop a 4D CAD engine to validate the usability of the functions.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.127-137
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• 2019

In this study, we have developed a calculation system for BIM-based quantities, 4D process, and 5D construction costs, by integrating object shape attributes and the standard classification system which consist of Cost Breakdown System(CBS), Object Breakdown System(OBS) and Work Breakdown System(WBS) in order to use for the 4 dimensional process control of roads and rivers. First, a new BIM library database connected with the BIM library shape objects was built according to the CBS/OBS/WBS standard classification system of the civil engineering field, and a integrated database system of BIM-based quantities, process(4D), and construction costs(5D) for roads and rivers was constructed. Nextly, the process classification system and the cost classification system were automatically disassembled to the BIM objects consisting of the Revit-family style elements. Finally, we added functions for automatically generating four dimensional activities and generating a automatic cost statement according to the combination of WBS and CBS classification system The ultimate goal of this study was to extend the integrated quantities, process(4D), and construction costs(5D) system for new roads and rivers, enabling the integrated use of process(4D) and construction costs(5D) in the design and construction stage, based on the tasks described above.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.15-26
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• 2019

In recent years, researchers are increasingly trying to use BIM-based 3D models for BIM nD design such as 4D (3D + Time) and 5D (4D + Cost). However, there are still many problems in efficiently using process management based on the BIM information created at each design stage. Therefore, this study proposes a method to automate 4D and 5D design support in each design stage by using BIM-based Dynamo algorithm. To do this, I implemented an algorithm that can automatically input the process information needed for 4D and 5D by using Revit's Add-in program, Dynamo. In order to support the 4D design, the algorithm was created to enable automatic process simulation by synchronizing process simulation information (Excel file) through the Navisworks program, BIM software. The algorithm was created to automatically enable process simulation. And to support the 5D design, the algorithm was developed to enable automatic extraction of the information needed for mass production from the BIM model by utilizing the dynamo algorithm. Therefore, in order to verify the 4D and 5D design support algorithms, we verified the applicability through consultation with related workers and experts. As a result, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to manage information about process information and to quickly extract information from design and design changes. In addition, BIM data can be used to manage and input the necessary process information in 4D and 5D, which is advantageous for shortening construction time and cost. This study will make it easy to improve design quality and manage design information, and will be the foundation for future building automation research.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its different work streams, such as 4D planning (4D), are among the major drivers for change in the construction industry. The primary aim of this research is to create a holistic map of both the barriers and drivers affecting the industrial uptake of BIM and 4D through the use of an extensive literature review and a survey of contractors and consultants from the UK AEC (Architectural, Engineering and Construction) industry. This research demonstrates that while non-technical barriers such as the inefficiency in the evaluation of the business value of BIM and 4D; the shortage of experience within the workforce, and the lack of awareness by stakeholders are recognized by professionals as main barriers to BIM and 4D adoption, current research is still largely concerned with technical advancement of BIM and 4D technologies. A holistic map of the driving and restraining forces affecting BIM and 4D widespread adoption was provided. The tackling of the non-technical barriers identified will help bridge the gap between technology, end-users and their processes.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.3-14
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• 2024

Recently, both nationally and internationally, various BIM guidelines have been developed. These guidelines present fundamental principles and standards for the application of BIM. However, practical BIM guidelines for the schedule management area in the construction phase are lacking, making it difficult to apply them effectively in practical work settings. In this study, performance-based delivery guidelines are presented for the key functionalities of 4D CAD systems, which are representative BIM tools used in the construction phase. To achieve this, a survey analysis was conducted to determine the prioritization of these functionalities. Based on the characteristics of the project, delivery guidelines were formulated to allow users to selectively utilize the guidelines at different levels. Furthermore, practical ways to utilize performance-based delivery guidelines for schedule management using 4D CAD were proposed, validating the usability of these guidelines. The research findings suggest that these guidelines for BIM functionality in schedule management can hold practical significance as the utilization of BIM in construction phases continues to increase.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2016

A Building Information Model (BIM) is an attempt to simulate the process of building structures in a three-dimensional (3D) digital space. While the technology is usually applied to structured buildings, bridges, and underground facilities, it is rarely applied to an unstructured environment of earthwork operations. If a BIM is used for earthworks, the 3D simulation can be used for construction equipment guidance and earthwork management. This paper presents a real-time, 3D earthwork BIM that provides a 3D graphical simulation of excavators in conjunction with geographic modeling. Developing a real-time, 3D earthwork BIM requires handling a variety of factors, such as geographical information and vehicular movement. This paper mainly focuses on the management of these attributes and provides a database design for storing and retrieving data. In an example application, a prototype of the 3D earthwork BIM is presented to understand what it would provide when used during earthwork operations at a construction site.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2018

The current study focused on the utilization of building information modeling (BIM) data in steel-frame structures, which help to reduce project durations because they employ prefabricated structural members that are assembled on-site. In addition, a business process model was proposed using BIM data collected during the preconstruction, structural steel fabrication, and on-site construction phases of an actual steel-frame project. The ultimate expectation is that BIM data support at each phase, as well as the increased understanding among project participants, will result in an increase in project management productivity. The results from the current study are summarized as follows: To implement a BIM capable of application to steel-frame projects and data utilization, existing theories were studied to develop the construction project steps, both generally into the preconstruction (A1), steel fabrication (A2), and on-site construction phases, (A3) and specifically into 19 BIM-applicable phases. Based on the derived BIM-applicable phases, the model elements of the BIM object were identified, and the shortcomings of existing steel-frame projects were ameliorated, resulting in an improved data flow model. Moreover, for the proposed BIM data flow to progress efficiently, the BIM specialist needs to be well-acquainted with the phase-specific three-dimensional (3D) model output, and the infrastructure to construct an error-free 3D model must be provided. Based on the actual construction example, the BIM data utilized steel-frame projects - via production reports, clash checks, two-dimensional (2D) drawings, four-dimensional (4D) simulations, and 3D scanning - to make cooperation and communication among participants easier.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.2069-2079
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• 2013

Recently, BIM(Building Information Modeling) is on the rise as a customized solution for construction environment, but construction companies rarely introduce and apply BIM in the construction site. Due to such issues, the fact that empirical data for evaluating the quantitative effect of BIM application is insufficient might be an another main reason. In the end, construction companies cannot assure investment effect of BIM and therefore don't make an investment actively. To activate BIM application, the evaluation system that quantitatively assess usability of BIM needs to be developed. This study aims to suggest a methodology that evaluates the usability quantitatively according to introduction and operation of BIM by construction companies. Accordingly, this study analyzes applicability of 4D CAD by developing an evaluation index and its model with BSC(Balanced Score Card) for 4D CAD, which have high practical use among BIM techniques, and verifies the usability as the entire evaluation index of BIM. Therefore, it is expected that the developed assessment model will be utilized as the critical decision-making information in order to introduce related techniques by identifying the usability and operational issues of 4D CAD.