• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.120-128
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• 2015

In this paper, Residential roof top photovoltaic system with 9.9 kW design is proposed. The system composed of 200 Watts solar array 33 panels connecting in series 10 strings and parallels 3 strings which have maximum voltage and current are 350 V and 23.8 A. The 10 kW sinusoidal grid-connected inverter with window voltage about 270-350 is selected to convert and transfer DC Power to AC Power at PCC (Point of Common Coupling) of power system following to utility standard. However the impact of fluctuation and uncertainty of weather condition of PV may decrease the voltage stability and voltage collapse of power system. In order to solve this problem the energy storage such 120 V 1200 Ah battery bank and 30 kVAR capacitor are designed for voltage stability control. The other expensed for installing the system such battery charger, cable, accessories and maintenance cost are concerned. The economic analysis by using investment from money loan with interest about 7% and use own money which loss income of deposit about 3% are calculated as 671,844 and 547,044 for PV system with energy storage and non energy storage respectively. The solar energy from PV is about 101,616 Bath per year which evaluated by using the value of $5kWh/m^2/day$ from average peak sun hour (PSH) of the Thailand and 6.96 Bath/kWh of Feed in Tariff Incentive. The payback periods of four scenarios are proposed follow as i) PV system with energy storage and use loan money is 15 years ii) PV system with no energy storage and use loan money is 10 years iii) PV system with energy storage and use deposit money is 9 years iv) PV system with energy storage and use deposit money is 7 years. In addition, the other scenarios of economic analysis such no FIT support and other type of economic analysis such NPV and IRR are proposed in this paper.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.79-103
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• 2006

This paper attempts to examine household's willingness to pay (WTP) for piped water quality improvement in Wonju, where the local government are planning to implement a piped water quality improvement program. We apply a contingent valuation (CV) method to obtain at least a preliminary evaluation of the WTP. The CV survey was rigorously designed to comply with the guidelines for best-practiced CV studies. We surveyed a randomly selected sample of 250 households in Wonju and asked respondents questions in person-to-person interviews about how much they would be willing to pay for the program. Respondents overall accepted the contingent market and were willing to contribute a significant amount (1,583 to 2,776 won), on average, per household per month. This willingness varies according to individual characteristics such as sex, education level, and income. The aggregate value of the program in Wonju amounts to approximately 1.99 billion won to 3.49 billion won per year. The household values can be the benefits that ensue from the program and compared with the costs of the program to determine whether the program is economically desirable.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.227-242
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• 2012

Accurate estimation of milk production cost is very important for dairy farmers in establishing strategies for business management (e.g. planning a program for milk production, deciding the size of business and investment, determining the milk price for sale). Since the estimated cost of milk production is used as an important index to determine the basal price of milk in Korea, there has been much interest and debate on the method used to estimate milk production cost among the stakeholder. This study was thus carried out to identify problems in the current methodology for estimating cost of milk production, and to find a better way to improve it. We propose several alternatives and better ways to improve the current method for estimating cost of milk production. Estimation of the income and cost per head should be based on the number of cattle converted to grown cows. Cost estimation per liter of milk should be made for both whole milk and 3.4% milk fat corrected milk. The value of purchased cows and raised replacement heifers should be the same as their market value. The productive life span of cows should be less 4 years, and the terminal or salvage value of cows needs to be 30 to 40% less than her initial value. When calculating depreciation of cows over the productive life span, however, the salvage value should be 0 or 1 Korean won. On calculating labor costs, the farm labor wage corresponding to the average wage of nonfarm industrial workers should be assumed. Beside of these, better estimation procedures for other items are also given. The proposed methods from this study should improve the accuracy of estimation of milk production cost and help to achieve consensus among the stakeholder.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2016

Consumers who use mobile applications for their skin care are increasing due to increasing interest in skin care and smart phone use. A survey was conducted to select popular skin care mobile applications to be installed in the smart phone targeting 1,000 men and women in South Korea who are interested in their skin care. Questioned items included skin care awareness and recognition, skin care type, and the intention of using skin health care mobile services. The respondents thought the best skin as 'Flawless skin (52.3%)'. Also, 'Skin trouble' and 'Skin aging' were their major concerns. 47.1% of the respondents used mobile skin care applications, and 56.6% intended to try new mobile skin care services. The results on interesting field of skin care showed significant difference depending on gender, marital status, and annual average household income. Moreover, the results on effort made for skin care showed significant difference depending on age, gender, and marital status. They wanted the functions such as 'Review on cosmetic products by brand (23.8%)', 'Self skincare method (16.8%)', 'Continuous monitoring service (16.2%)', 'Information on cosmetic products (13.4%)'. The result of this study would be reliable as basic material for skincare mobile service area. Further studies could be focused on developing application in accordance with needs and how it should be applied.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.93-119
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• 2013

The actual time fathers spend in childcare has not increased much in spite of recent attention paid to nurturing their children and changes in the fathers' role. In this study, parenting time is measured by time spent in childcare, shared housework, and shared leisure. In this way, this study seeks to analyze trends in fathers' time spent with children and the factors that influence fathers' participation in parenting. The data source for this study was the 2009 Korean Time Use Survey. The main results of this research are as follows: First, when measuring childcare time as a primary activity, fathers' time spent in parenting averaged 17 minutes on weekdays and 32 minutes on Sundays. This extended to 44 minutes on weekdays and 166 minutes on Sundays when including the secondary childcare time and the shared time with their children while doing housework or leisure. Second, fathers' probability of participating in childcare was higher for fathers who had shorter working hours, younger children, higher spouse average monthly income, and a college or higher education level. The variable that influenced fathers' participation in shared housework on weekdays was working hours. On Sundays, the variables were working hours, age of the youngest child, and the type of occupation. Fathers' participation in shared leisure was influenced by father's working hours, number of children, age of the youngest child, and type of occupation on weekdays. On Sundays, it was influenced by working hours and the age of the youngest child.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.154-170
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• 1994

The Purpose of this study was to determine the degree and contents composing the qualify of life and to analyze the relationships among the demographic characteristics, the degree of pain and the quality of life of the cancer patients experiencing a radiation therapy. The subjects for this study were 110 out-patients experiencing a radation therapy at C University Hospital in K-city, from April to October, 1992. The data were obtained using a convenience sampling technique. The tool of this study was the quality of life scale developed by Ro, You-Ja and the data were analyzed using a SAS program for percentages, mean & standard deviation. ANOVA and Scheffe test. The results were as follows : 1. the average total score of the quality of life of the subjects was 139.65(minimum score 121-maximum score 164), item mean score grange 1-5) was 2.97. For each factor in the quality of life scale, the mean scores (range 1-5) were 3.29 in emotional state, 3.14 in relationship with neighbors. 3.04 in physical state and function. 2.92 in self-esteem, 2.81 in economic life and 2.65 in relationship with family. 2. The incidence of physical symptoms was seen fatigue ($84.5\%$). anorexia ($65.5\%$) and weight loss ($47.3\%$) in order. The 50.9 percentage of the subjects complained of moderate or severe pain. 3. The results of the analysis of the relationships between the demographic variables and the quality of life were as follows : Gender (F=8.45, P=0.0044), age (F=6.29, P=0.0001). educational level (F=5.67, P=0.0046), marital status (F=6.82. P=0.0016), occupation (F=2.86, P=0.009), monthly income (F=6.90, P=0.0003), family living together (F=3.95, P=0.0494) and person paying a medical fee (F=5.14, P=0.0023). 4. The relationship between the degree of pain and the quality of life was significant difference (F=3.12, P=0.0482).

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.117-131
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• 2004

In order to obtain basic data for a health promotion program of hair dressers, the health promoting behavior of some hair dressers was assessed with the related factors such as general characteristics and cognitive-perceptual factors. The subjects were 245 hair dressers working at beauty shops having at least two hair dressers. The data was collected by a questionnaire from October 14 to October 20, 2001. The results were as follows： 1. The mean score of health promoting behavior conducted by the hair dressers was 31.17 out of 50.00 in total score. 2. The score of the health promoting behavior was statistically different according to marriage, on-duty hours, holidays, satisfaction in the job, perceived health status, perceived fatigue, health concept, and self-efficacy (p＜.05), while it was not statistically different according to gender, religious faith, residence, eduation, economic levels, career in the job, average income, medical care insurance, employment insurance, control of fortuity, and control over other persons. 3. The health promoting behaviors in the hair dressers showed positive correlation with self-efficacy and internal control, while it showed negative correlation with control over other people, control of fortuity, health concept, and perceived fatigue. 4. The Regression analysis results of the questionnaire showed that perceived fatigue, health concept and office hours were significant factors but the age, the fact of being single or couple, position at the job, holidays, satisfaction of the job, self-control and stresses from other people and self-efficiency appeared insignificant. In conclusion, the hair dressers with less perceived fatigue and better cognitive health concept and short duty hours showed better health promoting behavior. So, In order to conduct health promoting behaviors of hair dressers, the method will need to control of working time and perceived fatigue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 1979

The consumption of catchup is increasing due to the raising of income level and food industry and westernization of dietary life followed by economic growth. In this paper I picked up three kinds of food produced by two foreign food companies and three kinds of food by two domestic companies. The average results by experimentation on the nutritive ingredients and the standard quality was as follows; A. Nutritve ingredients; 1) Water content a) Domestic 68.3% b) Foreign 69.1% 2) Protein content a) Domestic 2.2 g b) Foreign 2.1 g 3) Fat content a) Domestic 0.1 g b) Foreign 0.1 g 4) Carbohydrate content a) Domestic 25.1 g b) Foreign 24.6 g 5) Mineral content (Ash) a) Domestic 4.4 g b) Foreign 3.9 g 6) Calcium content a) Domestic 33.5 mg b) Foreign 24.2 mg 7) Phosphorus content a) Domestic 16.1 mg b) Foreign 24.2 mg 8) Vitamin C content a) Domestic 14.6mg b) Foreign 16.0 mg B. Standard quality 1) Remains after evaporation a) Domestic 41.7% b) Foreign 38.4% 2) Free mineral acid content a) Domestic none b) Foreign none 3) Tar chromatophore a) Domestic $trace(Acid)^+$ b) Foreign none 4) Heavy metalic $elements^*$ 5) Sodium chloride content a) Domestic 3.3% b) Foreign 3.3% 6) pH level a) Domestic 3.83 b) Foreign 3.76 + The tar chromatophore elements could not be accurately measured by chromatography. * The heavy metalic elements were both under safety levels in the domestic and foreign products.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.219-227
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• 2015

This study analyzes the right guarantee level of Job Creation Project for the Elderly by participation type based on Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing. The analysis is conducted using '2012 Job Creation Project for the Elderly Participants Survey' of Korea Labor Force Development Institute for the Aged. The major findings are as follows: First, "social contribution" type's implementation level of "active participation in society and development" is not high enough. Second, considering the average age of the participants, the level of "work and the ageing labor force" is high enough while the practical level is not high in market. Third, the level of "access to knowledge, education and training" is not enough within "market entrance" participants. Fourth, the level of "poverty reduction" and "income security" is not high. Based on the results, this study proposes that the quality of "social contribution" type's occupations and "market entrance" type's education should be improved. Also, the wages of the entire occupations provided by this project need to be raised.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2018

At the Bank of Korea, capital stock statistics were created by the PIM (perpetual inventory method) with fixed capital formation data. Asset classifications also included 2 categories in residential buildings, 4 non-residential buildings, 14 constructions, 9 transportation equipment, 28 machinery, and 2 intangible fixed assets. It is the Korean government accounting system which is developed much with the field of the national accounts including the valuation, but until 2008 it was consistent with single-entry bookkeeping. Many countries, including Korea, were single-entry bookkeeping, not double-entry bookkeeping which can be aggregated by government accounting standard account. There was no distinction in journaling between revenue and capital expenditure when it was consistent with single-entry bookkeeping. For example, we would like to appropriately divide the past budget accounts and the settlement accounts data that have been spent on dredging into capital expenditure and revenue expenditure. It, then, tries to add the capital expenditure calculated to FCF (fixed capital formation), because revenue expenditure is cost for maintenance etc. This could be a new direction, especially, in the estimation of capital stock by the perpetual inventory method for infrastructure (SOC, social overhead capital). It should also be noted that there are differences not only between capital and income expenditure but also by other factors. How long will this difference be covered by the difference between the 'new series' and 'old series' methodologies? In addition, there is no large difference between two series by the major asset classification level. If this is treated as a round-off error, this is a problem.