• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.51-69
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• 2018

This study intends to investigate the management efficiency of social enterprises according to types based on the portion of the budget for employing disadvantaged social groups, in the region of Gyeonggi-do. Based on the performance list disclosed at Korea Social Enterprise Promotion Agency's website, 126 social enterprises certified during a period of five years from 2013 to 2017, 126 enterprises were analyzed by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) models comparing five types of the enterprises. The types was mainly identified by the job security of disadvantaged social groups. As for measurement variables, the input components included average wage, support fund, and the number of non-vulnerable employees and the number of vulnerable employees, sales, and net income were selected as output variables. In conclusion, the efficiency of Gyeonggi-do social enterprises decreased every year, and thus it is urgent to improve their efficiency, and priority should be given to the employment of vulnerable social groups, which both the job opportunity providing-type and the social service providing-type showed the highest performance.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.609-618
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to analyze the factors increased use of environmentalfriendly agricultural product in school food service. For this, I surveyed the perceptions on environmental-friendly agricultural product and willingness-to-pay for increasing use to 500 parents of elementary, middle and high school. As a result, the perception of environment and safety is the highest, but health and consumption is the lowest. The average of willingness-to-pay is about 12,136 Won per month. But 14.2 percent of the total respondents said that they did not have a willingness-to-pay, and 62.6 percent said that they would pay an additional 10,000 won or less. The factors affecting the willingness-to-pay were gender, income, health and consumption factors. Despite the low level of parents' perception of the health and consumption factors for environmental-friendly agricultural products, health and consumption factors affect statistically significant on the willingness-to-pay compared to others. Most of the promotion and education of environmental-friendly agricultural products has focused on safety, but this study suggests that education on the health and correct consumption of environmental-friendly agricultural products is important.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.23-45
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• 2018

The Korean government has provided various policy devices to boost technology transfers between academia and industry since the establishment of the Technology Transfer Promotion Act in 2000. Along with the enactment of the law, the Korean government mandated the establishment of a technology transfer office at national and public universities and encouraged technology transfer activities. Despite the quantitative expansion of technology transfer offices (TTOs), operational inefficiency was brought up. As a supplementary policy, the Korean government implemented a line of projects to support the labor and business expenses of leading TTOs. This research questions whether the project greatly affected the technical efficiency of TTOs. We analyze publicly available university panel data from 2007 to 2015 using a one-step stochastic frontier analysis. The results suggest that the program was marginally effective at shifting the technical efficiency distribution to the right on average, but it failed to maximize its impact by diversifying the policy means based on targets. The marginal effects of the program on technical efficiency differ according to the research capability and size of each school. We also compare technical efficiency against the licensing income at the start and end of the program. Technical efficiency increased for the leading TTOs, and both measures show improvements for unsupported TTOs. Our empirical results imply that diversifying the program for universities with different characteristics may have improved the effectiveness of the policy.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.251-259
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• 2021

The basic for the achievement of the community forestry rests within the Community Forest User Groups (CFUGs). They are responsible to establish good governance, sustainable forest management and improve people's livelihoods. The study aimed to assess the governance score prevailing in CFUGs using stratified random sampling. Our study shows the governance score of 64.17% in community forests with highest 73.94% in Bhotechaur community forest and lowest 56.60% in Tinkanya community forest. Among the eight elements of good governance, consensus-oriented was found highest while responsiveness was lowest in the study area. Further, the independent variables such as well-being ranking (χ²=21.695, df=6, p<0.01), source of income (χ²=20.474, df=6, p<0.01) and education status (χ²=17.450, df=6, p<0.01) has significant impact on governance. Based upon the findings, it is very clear that good governance in CFs are more than average but still not up to the mark. Finally, it calls for rethinking that involving all the stakeholders during planning phases delineating the responsibility and power for correspondents can make possible in achieving sustainability in community forest.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.59-71
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• 2021

This study investigated the extent to which rice producers from the Ayeyarwaddy Region of Myanmar could improve their productivity if inputs were used efficiently in rice cultivation. To achieve this objective, simple random sampling was used to collect data from 300 rice growers in the study area. Data were analyzed with the translog stochastic frontier approach to understand the production efficiencies. The study further estimated the influencing factors that affect the efficiency levels of rice farmers. The empirical result reveals that the average technical, allocative, and economic efficiencies were at 76.11, 47.85, and 34.15%, respectively. This suggests that there is considerable room for improving rice production by better utilization of the available resources at the current level of technology. This study suggests that strenthening agricultural training programs and adoption of improved rice varieties may reduce overall inefficiencies among rice farmers in Myanmar. Factors like age, household size, education, farming experience, farm size, rice variety, training, and off-farm income have a significant impact on increasing/decreasing farmer's efficiency. Efficiency can be improved by establishing farmer field school programs to increase the scale of operations. The government should encourage young educated people to participate in paddy production and also intervene to reduce input prices and control the quality of seeds.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.115-127
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• 2022

The study's goal was to investigate the levels of employee loyalty (EL) in two Thai railway rolling stock maintenance (RRSM) companies. Simple random sampling was used to obtain a final sample of 118 individuals from October 2021 through December 2021. The research instrument was a questionnaire with an expert IOC value between 0.67 to 1.00 and a questionnaire reliability Alpha (𝛼) average value of 0.82. Descriptive statistics included the mean and standard deviation (SD). SPSS for Windows Version 21 and Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) was used for the analysis. Results showed that the 118 employee's overall perceptions of their RRSM employers' motivating factors, human resource management, satisfaction, and loyalty were high. HRM's performance evaluation had the most significant overall influence on EL. Moreover, from the analysis of the five EL questionnaire items, the most influential item was the employee's income as a contributing factor to their EL. This was followed by the suitability of their work. Also, it seems the employees had a high level of loyalty to their firms even if a better offer of more money was made. They also indicated a high level of pride in their respective firms.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.3-27
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• 2017

Objectives: This study examined the effects of married couple's sexual satisfaction on perceived family strengths based on family systems theory that the changes of family subsystem could extend itself to involve the entire family system. Methods: For this purpose, the structured survey was conducted by 151 married couples living in Jeollanam-do and Gwangju. The data was analysed by SPSS 21.0 program. Results: First, the average scores of family strengths and sexual satisfaction were a little higher than the middle. There were no differences between husbands and wives. Second, family strengths perceived by husbands were significantly affected by income satisfaction, conflicts and sexual satisfaction. In wives, education level, satisfaction with communication times, conflicts and sexual satisfaction were influential factors. Conclusion: It is necessary to pay the most attention to sexual satisfaction of couples in order to improve family strengths. In addition, it is actually required to develop various couple programs about enhancing sexual satisfaction related to the effective couple communication and problem-solving methods. It also have to imply the requirements considering characteristics of male and female, husbands and wives.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.71-94
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• 2011

This paper criticizes the arguments for the high and rigid reservation wages as main cause of the youth joblessness. First, using longitudinal aspect of the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study, I found that there exists declining reservation wage for the young who make the transition from unemployed to employment. Second, the average duration of school-to-work transition in Korea is relatively low compared to that of other countries. Moreover the duration between leaving school and staring the first job has not significantly negative effect on adult labor market outcomes, but the quality of first job and unstable job experiences have serious negative effects on working career. These findings show that the high youth joblessness is due to both decent job deficit and labor market segmentation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 2022

Entrepreneurs with behavioral finance biases are more likely to make irrational or financially detrimental decisions. Understanding financial behavior biases can assist in making sound financial decisions. Behavioral finance is a new topic that can assist researchers in better understanding investor behavior and preferences while purchasing and selling stocks. Using measures such as independent t-tests and average Likert five-point scale scores, this study seeks to determine how entrepreneurs make investment decisions and whether gender makes a difference. The study is empirical, and data from 1000 entrepreneurs were collected through convenience sampling. The study's main findings show that there are numerous factors to consider while investing in stocks, including family planning, children's education, investment security, and recurring income. Both men and women attempt to invest in many asset classes, but certain investments are extremely risky, while others are low risk. As a result, investors should assess risk based on their age and experience rather than their gender; this indicates that an investment in venture capital has nothing to do with gender but everything to do with the investor's age.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.7-21
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• 2021

Purpose: Modern globalization and Western markets saturation has catalyzed the growth of culinary globalization into developing countries. The question was whether fast food consumers in frontier markets of Sub-Saharan Africa (Zimbabwe), either upholds national gastronomic tendencies in terms of consumer ethnocentrism and buy local or they adopt global fast food brands. Demographic consumer profiles were also analyzed as antecedents of consumer ethnocentrism. Research design, data and methodology: A sample size of 400 fast food-adult consumers was surveyed in the City of Harare. Data was captured on SPSS and Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). Hypothesis testing was done using sample t test (H₁), logistic regression (H₂) and multiple regression (H₃, ₄, ₅) analysis. Results: Consumer ethnocentrism in Zimbabwe was marginally above average and no statistically significant relationship between the levels of consumer ethnocentrism and adoption of foreign fast food brands was noted. Age had an inverse relationship; income had a positive association whilst gender had no statistical significance with consumer ethnocentrism. Conclusions: Despite the Zimbabwean consumers being marginally ethnocentric, international restaurateurs should invest in the Zimbabwean fast food market since their nature of being foreign has got an exotic appeal to the Zimbabwean consumers thereby enhancing their likelihood of success.