• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.182-197
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• 1999

Described in this paper is an optimal driving control algorithm which focused on the improvement of fuel economy and the minimization of pollutant emissions in the parallel type hybrid drivertrain system for transit bus. For the energy balance among components such as engine, induction machine and buttery, the algorithm for power split ration determine is proposed. When it is implemented in the hybrid electric control unit(HECU) , using the sub-optimal method and the approximate technique , it is possible to save the memory , to shorten the calculation time, and to achieve the efficient driving actually. A Shift strategy for automated manual transmission is the other side of the driving control algorithm. It enables to select the optimal gear by using several shift maps which were predefined from the proposed method in this paper, As a results of driving simulation, it is proved that these algorithms make the hybrid drivetrain system to reduce fuel consumption and emissions considerably and to have the ability to the efficient use of battery.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.180-189
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• 2017

운전면허시험을 응시하는 사람들은 면허취소 등으로 재시험을 보는 사람들도 있지만, 대부분 자동차를 운전하기 위해 최초로 운전을 배워 시험을 응시하는 사람들이 대부분이다. 자동차 운전은 생명과 직결되는 것으로 초기의 정확한 운전습관이 무엇보다 중요하다. 특히 사회에 첫 진출을 하면서 운전면허를 취득하는 사람들이 많기 때문에 처음 운전을 배울 때 객관적이고 공정한 기준에 의해 올바른 운전능력을 평가받아 면허를 취득하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 논문을 통해 구현하고자하는 시스템은 효율적이면서도 공정하고 정확한 자동화 채점을 통해 양질의 운전자를 배출할 수 있는 S/W 설계 및 주요 기능들에 대해 고찰, 제안하였다. 이를 통해 자동채점 운전면허 시스템 개선을 제안하여, 교통사고를 예방하고 올바른 운전을 통해 교통사고를 줄이는데 목적이 있다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2024

For the commercialization of automated vehicles, it is necessary to create various scenarios that can evaluate driving safety and establish a data system that can verify them. Depending on the vehicle's ODD (Operational Design Domain), there are numerous scenarios with various parameters indicating vehicle driving conditions, but no systematic methodology has been proposed to create and combine scenarios to test them. Therefore, projects are actively underway abroad to establish a scenario library for real-world testing or simulation of autonomous vehicles. However, since it is difficult to obtain data, research is being conducted based on simulations that simulate real road. Therefore, in this study, parameters calculated through individual vehicle trajectory data extracted based on roadside CCTV image-based driving environment DB was proposed through the extracted data. This study can be used as basic data for safety standards for scenarios representing various driving behaviors.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.230-245
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• 2023

자율주행 기술의 발전과 함께 자율주행차(automated vehicle, AV)의 안전성 평가의 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 효율적인 안정성 평가를 진행하기 위해 AV가 주행 중 직면할 수 있는 상황을 사전에 정의한 평가 시나리오를 활용하고 있다. 그러나 기존에 활용되는 시나리오는 짧은 구간 내에서 한정적인 상황만을 다루고 있다. 따라서, 실제 도로에서 발생하는 연속적인 상황을 평가하지 못한다는 한계가 존재한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 AV의 안전성을 강도 높게 평가하기 위해 단일 시나리오를 다양한 기하구조가 존재하는 도로 전체 구간을 대상으로 연속적인 평가가 가능한 다중 시나리오로 변환하고자 한다. 특히, 시나리오를 연결하는 조건을 정의하고, 변환된 다중 시나리오를 상황, 범위, 실험 시나리오로 발전시키는 구체적인 방법론을 제시하였으며, 시뮬레이션으로 다중 시나리오를 구현하여 검증하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2016

Purpose: Automated guidance systems (AGSs) for mobile farm machinery have several advantages over manual operation in the crop production industry. Many researchers and companies have tried to develop such a system. However, it is not easy to evaluate the performance of an AGS because there is no established device used to evaluate it that complies with the ISO 12188 standard. The objective of this study was to develop a tracking sensor system using five laser distance measurement sensors. Methods: One sensor-for long-range distance measurement-was used to measure travel distance and velocity. The other four sensors-for mid-range distance measurement-were used to measure lateral deviation. Stationary, manual driving, and A-B line tests were conducted, and the results were compared with the real-time kinematic differential global positioning system (RTK-DGPS) signal used by the AGS. Results: For the stationary test, the average error of the tracking sensor system was 1.99 mm, and the average error of the RTK-DGPS was 15.19 mm. For the two types of driving tests, the data trends were similar. A comparison of the changes in lateral deviation showed that the data stability of the developed tracking system was better. Conclusions: Although the tracking system was not capable of measuring long travel distances under strong sunlight illumination because of the long-range sensor's limitations, this dilemma could be overcome using a higher-performance sensor.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2020

Autonomous driving is one of the most important new technologies of our time; it has benefits in terms of safety, the environment, and economic issues. Path following algorithms, such as automated lane keeping systems (ALKSs), are key level 3 or higher functions of autonomous driving. Pure-Pursuit and Stanley controllers are widely used because of their good path tracking performance and simplicity. However, with the Pure-Pursuit controller, corner cutting behavior occurs on curved roads, and the Stanley controller has a risk of divergence depending on the response of the steering system. In this study, we use the advantages of each controller to propose a hybrid control strategy that can be stably applied to complex driving environments. The weight of each controller is determined from the global and local curvature indexes calculated from HD map information and the current driving speed. Our experimental results demonstrate the ability of the hybrid controller, which had a cross-track error of under 0.1 m in a virtual environment that simulates K-City, with complex driving environments such as urban areas, community roads, and high-speed driving roads.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2019

Recently, automobile industries have developed ADAS, smart cars, connected cars, automated driving systems, which use a variety of sensor systems - ultrasonics, cameras, lidars and radars - and communication systems. It is necessary to examine the electromagnetic immunity of vehicles equipped with those systems. The electromagnetic immunity tests are carried out in an electromagnetic semi anechoic chamber, which is cut off from the outside. It is difficult to create test environments in which the radar sensor systems of vehicles work properly in the test chamber. In this study, test jigs were designed and tested and as a result they are shown to be effective to create test environments for electromagnetic immunity tests of vehicles equipped with radar sensors. We also proposed additional safety standards for immunity tests of vehicles with radar systems that currently do not exist.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2020

Recently, automobile industries have developed ADAS, smart cars, connected cars, automated driving systems, which use a variety of sensor systems - ultrasonics, cameras, lidars and radars - and communication systems. It is necessary to examine the electromagnetic immunity of vehicles equipped with the sensor systems due to the fact that the normal operation of those systems is very important to the safety of the vehicles. The electromagnetic immunity tests are carried out in an electromagnetic semi anechoic chamber, which is cut off from the outside. It is difficult to create test environments in which the camera sensor systems of vehicles work properly in the test chamber. In this study, test jigs were designed and tested and as a result they are shown to be effective to create test environments for electromagnetic immunity tests of vehicles equipped with camera sensors. We also proposed additional safety standards for immunity tests of vehicles with camera systems that currently do not exist.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2021

Recently, the amount of electrical and electronic systems is increasing rapidly with the development of advanced vehicles such as ADAS, smart cars, connected cars, automated driving systems. It is necessary to examine the electromagnetic compatibility of vehicles equipped with those systems. The standards and regulations for examination of electromagnetic compatibility have been established and revised according to newly introduced electrical and electronic systems. They are administered in some different international standard associations such as ISO, CISPR, UN/ECE and are somewhat complex and bulky. In the study, the improvements and changes in them are tracked and analyzed chronologically. Research of the history of them will be helpful for understanding progress and forecasting the direction of development.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.200-209
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• 2018

일반적으로 자율주행 차량은 측위를 위하여 GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System)에서 절대위치 신호를 수신하여 지도에 매칭하는 방식을 사용한다. 하지만 도심이나 터널에서 정상적인 위성신호를 수신하기 어렵기 때문에 추측항법(Dead Reckoning)으로 절대위치를 추측하므로 누적 오차의 주기적 보정이 병행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 자율주행시 GNSS 위치 신호 수신이 어려운 터널 내에서 사용되는 추측항법의 오차를 일정수준 이하로 유지하기 위하여 기존 도로시설물을 이용한 오차 보정을 위한 시설물의 선정 방법을 제안하였다. 시설물의 특성으로서 모양, 설치위치 등 '다양성' 검토를 위하여 관련 기준 검토, 영상 및 라이다센서 조사로 얼마나 잘 인지하는 지에 대한 '인지성' 조사, 설치위치 및 간격에 의한 '규칙성'을 조사하여 후보시설물을 선정하였다. 본 연구 결과로 측위오차 보정 지원시설로 소화전함/안내표지(50m), 유도표지등A(300m), Lane Control System(500m), 최고/최저속도제한표지, 제트팬을 선정하였으며, 기존 시설물만으로 오차 보정이 가능하다고 판단하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 자율주행 차량의 터널내 측위보정시 활용될 것으로 기대된다.