• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.1202-1209
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• 2011

Neuro feedback training using ElectroEncephalo Grams (EEGs) is commonly utilized in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Recently, BCI (Brain-computer Interface) contents have developed, not for the purpose of treatment, but for concentration improvement or brain relaxation training. However, as each user has different wave forms, it is hard to develop contents controlled by such different wave. Therefore, an EEG process that allows the ability to transform the variety of wave forms into one standard signal and use it without taking a user's characteristic of EEG into account, is required. In this paper, a framework that can reduce users' characteristics by normalizing and converting measured EEGs is proposed for contents. This framework also contains the process that controls different brainwave measuring devices. In experiment a handling process applying the proposed framework to the developed BCI contents is introduced.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2000

Avariety of symptoms can occur following traumatic brain injury(TBI) or other types of acquired brain injury. These symptoms can include problems with short-term memory, attention, planning, problem solving, impulsivity, disinhibition, poor motivation, and other behavioral and cognitive deficit. These symptoms may respond to certain drugs, such as dopaminergic agents. Amantadine may protect patients from secondary neuronal damage after brain injury as a effect of NMDA receptor antagonists and may improve functioning of brain-injured patients as a dopaminergic agonist. Clinically, based on current evidence, amantadine may provide a potentially effective, safe, and inexpensive option for treating the cognitive, mood, and behavioral disorders of individuals with brain injury. The rationales for using amantadine are discussed, and pertinent literatures are reviewed.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.259-262
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• 2010

In this review, we give an overview of psychiatric perspectives on environmental disease. The concept of genetic heritability and its meaning with regard to environmental risk factors will be discussed. Recent ideas of gene-environment interaction and neurodevelopmental disorder in psychiatry will also be introduced. This article discusses the environmental risk factors for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism, the two major environmental diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in psychiatry. Given that both ADHD and autism are complex conditions, the etiology is likely to involve multiple genes of moderate effect interacting with environmental factors. We will introduce recent environmental issues related to these two disorders.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.239-246
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• 2004

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is a common disease in children. This study is clinical case reports of 3 ADHD Children treated with acupuncture and herbal medicine. Two boys-one was 10 years old and the other was 8, and one girl-8 years old were treated with acupuncture and herbal medicine from March 2003 to May 2004. Acupoints-CV20(百會) CV24(上星) L7(列缺) LI4(合谷) Liv3(太衝) K3(太谿) was used and herbal medicine-Yukmijihwangtang(六味地黃湯) and Guibitang(歸脾湯) was used. T-score in ADS test(Continuous Performance Tests) checked after these treatments was lowered to the normal range, Conners' parent rating scale and Home Situations Questionaire score were lowered compared with those checked bfore treatment. These result suggest that acupuncture and herbal medicine could be one of helpful treatment to the ADHD children.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 2011

Repeated administration of addictive drugs causes cellular and molecular changes believed to be the mechanism of pro-addictive behaviors. Neuroadaptations also take place with repeated administration of amphetamine, methylphenidate and atomoxetine, drugs for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD), and it is speculated that these changes may serve as markers to demonstrate the dependence liability of these therapies. In this review, we enumerate the neuroadaptive changes in molecules associated with neuronal signaling and plasticity, as well as neuronal morphology wrought by repeated administration of ADHD medications. We provide the current perspective on the dependence liability of these therapies, and also suggest of some factors that need to be considered in future investigations, so that what is drawn from animal studies would be better consolidated with those known clinically.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.129-146
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• 2003

Objectives : Developmental disorder include every disorder that obstruct functional developments. For example, Mental Retardation, Autism, Developmental Academic Skill Disorder, Developmental Language Disorder, Cerebral Palsy, Tic Disorder(Tourette's Disorder), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Brain injury etc. Methods : Chinese medical circles study herbs, acupuncture and cooperate Western medicine for treat the Developmental disorder variety. So, we research Chinese and Korean Medical Journal from 1990 to 2003, choose the Acupuncture Therapy. Results : Acupuncture Therapy include head needling, body acupuncture, ear-acupuncture therapy, therapy of point injection. By these ways control brain, the brain's marrow, liver, kidney, heart and treat the developmental disorder effective.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.247-263
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• 2006

Recruited from Korean-Chinese elementary schools in Shenyang and Harbin, China, 100 children living apart from their parents and experiencing non-maternal care provided information about the separation (reason and duration of parent-child separation, present location of parents, etc.), their adjustment to separation, and their perception of attachment with their caregivers. Results showed that although the separated children adjusted positively to parent-child separation in general, over 55% of them reported loneliness. Attachment with caregiver was the most significant influential variable on children's behavior problems. Duration of separation from father was related to children's hostility/aggression and hyperactivity/attention deficit problem, while duration of separation from mother influenced children's anxiety.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.176-180
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• 2009

Cases of pyogenic spondylodiscitis are relatively rare diseases that concern 2-7% of total cases of osteomyelitis. Owing to the low frequency and initial nonspecific nature of signs and symptoms, diagnosis is often delayed up to 2-6 months. If the proper treatment is not established due to a diagnostic delay, there is a possibility of a serious neurologic deficit and spinal instability. We report two cases of infectious spondylodiscitis which were misdiagnosed as compression fracture and spinal stenosis respectively. They could be correctly diagnosed after MRI and laboratory test and under the recovery state after an antifungal and antibiotic medication. Special careful attention during the diagnostic procedure is a really important step considering the diagnostic delay and its resultant unsatisfactory outcome.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to detect early children with hyperactivity which is one of the symptoms of Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study used two methods: K-CBCL and observation of children's behavior. K-CBCL was done online by parents at home. For observation of children's behavior, the school asked children to wear a 3-axis accelerometer on their wrists. The data from K-CBCL and 3-axis accelerometer were analyzed and clustered to separate hypersensitive children from ordinary children. This experiment confirmed that 3-axis accelerometer which is one of Ubiquitous techniques and the K-CBCL questionnaire were helpful for detection of hypersensitive children.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.381-388
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• 2020

Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psychostimulant and one of the most widely abused drugs worldwide. The continuous use of METH eventually leads to drug addiction and causes serious health complications, including attention deficit, memory loss and cognitive decline. These neurological complications are strongly associated with METH-induced neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation, which leads to neuronal cell death. The current review investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying METH-mediated neuronal damages. Our analysis demonstrates that the process of neuronal impairment by METH is closely related to oxidative stress, transcription factor activation, DNA damage, excitatory toxicity and various apoptosis pathways. Thus, we reach the conclusion here that METH-induced neuronal damages are attributed to the neurotoxic and neuroinflammatory effect of the drug. This review provides an insight into the mechanisms of METH addiction and contributes to the discovery of therapeutic targets on neurological impairment by METH abuse.