Biomolecules & Therapeutics

The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology (한국응용약물학회)
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Neuroadaptations Involved in Long-Term Exposure to ADHD Pharmacotherapies: Alterations That Support Dependence Liability of These Medications

  • Dela Pena, Ike C. (Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Sahmyook University) ;
  • Ahn, Hyung-Seok (Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Sahmyook University) ;
  • Shin, Chan-Young (Center for Geriatric Neuroscience Research, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University) ;
  • Cheong, Jae-Hoon (Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Sahmyook University)
  • Received : 2010.10.18
  • Accepted : 2010.11.24
  • Published : 2011.01.31
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Abstract

Repeated administration of addictive drugs causes cellular and molecular changes believed to be the mechanism of pro-addictive behaviors. Neuroadaptations also take place with repeated administration of amphetamine, methylphenidate and atomoxetine, drugs for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD), and it is speculated that these changes may serve as markers to demonstrate the dependence liability of these therapies. In this review, we enumerate the neuroadaptive changes in molecules associated with neuronal signaling and plasticity, as well as neuronal morphology wrought by repeated administration of ADHD medications. We provide the current perspective on the dependence liability of these therapies, and also suggest of some factors that need to be considered in future investigations, so that what is drawn from animal studies would be better consolidated with those known clinically.

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References

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