• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.380-399
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• 2010

In this paper, we present a new class of attacks against an anonymous communication protocol, originally presented in ACNS 2008. The protocol itself was proposed as an improved version of ModOnions, which exploits universal re-encryption in order to avoid replay attacks. However, ModOnions allowed the detour attack, introduced by Danezis to re-route ModOnions to attackers in such a way that the entire path is revealed. The ACNS 2008 proposal addressed this by using a more complicated key management scheme. The revised protocol is immune to detour attacks. We show, however, that the ModOnion construction is highly malleable and this property can be exploited in order to redirect ModOnions. Our attacks require detailed probing and are less efficient than the detour attack, but they can nevertheless recover the full onion path while avoiding detection and investigation. Motivated by this, we present modifications to the ModOnion protocol that dramatically reduce the malleability of the encryption primitive. It addresses the class of attacks we present and it makes other attacks difficult to formulate.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2017

MANET consists of only wireless nodes having limited processing capability. It processes routing and data transmission through cooperation among each other. And it is exposed to many attack threats due to the dynamic topology by movement of nodes and multi-hop communication. Therefore, the reliability of transmitted data between nodes must be improved and security of integrity must be high. In this paper, we propose a method to increase the reliability of transmitted data by providing a secure cryptography protocol. The proposed method used a hierarchical structure to provide smooth cryptographic services. The cluster authentication node issues the cluster authentication key pair and unique key to the nodes. The nodes performs the encryption through two steps of encryption using cluster public key and block encryption using unique key. Because of this, the robustness against data forgery attacks was heightened. The superior performance of the proposed method can be confirmed through comparative experiment with the existing security routing method.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.19-24
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• 2019

It is impossible to apply the routing protocol in the wired environment because MANET consists of only mobile nodes. Therefore, routing protocols considered these characteristics are required. In particular, if malicious nodes are not excluded in the routing phase, network performance will be greatly reduced. In this paper, we propose intrusion detection technique based on region to improve routing performance. In the proposed technique, the whole network is divided into certain areas, and then attack detection within the area using area management node is performed. It is a proposed method that can detect attack nodes in the path through cooperation with each other by using completion message received from member nodes. It also applied a method that all nodes participating in the network can share the attack node information by storing the detected attack node and sharing. The performance evaluation of the proposed technique was compared with the existing security routing techniques through the experiments and the superior performance of the proposed technique was confirmed.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.41-46
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• 2013

Routing protocol using in the existing wire network cannot be used as it is for efficient data transmission in MANET. Because it consists of only mobile nodes, network topology is changing dynamically. Therefore, each mobile node must perform router functions. Variety of routing attack like DoS in MANET is present owing to these characteristic. In this paper, we proposed cooperative-based detection method to improve detection performance of flooding attack which paralyzes network by consuming resource. Accurate attack detection is done as per calculated adaptively threshold value considered the amount of all network traffic and the number of nodes. All the mobile nodes used a table called NHT to perform collaborative detection and apply cluster structure to the center surveillance of traffic.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.310-323
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• 2006

In this paper, we describe a secure cluster-routing protocol based on a multi-layer scheme in ad hoc networks. We propose efficient protocols, Authentication based on Multi-layer Clustering for Ad hoc Networks (AMCAN), for detailed security threats against ad hoc routing protocols using the selection of the cluster head (CH) and control cluster head (CCH) using a modification of cluster-based routing ARCH and DMAC. This protocol provides scalability of Shadow Key using threshold authentication scheme in ad hoc networks. The proposed protocol comprises an end-to-end authentication protocol that relies on mutual trust between nodes in other clusters. This scheme takes advantage of Shadow Key using threshold authentication key configuration in large ad hoc networks. In experiments, we show security threats against multilayer routing scheme, thereby successfully including, establishment of secure channels, the detection of reply attacks, mutual end-to-end authentication, prevention of node identity fabrication, and the secure distribution of provisional session keys using threshold key configuration.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1525-1530
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• 2022

BGP(Border Gateway Protocol) is a routing protocol that is actively used in inter-AS routing on the Internet. However, BGP routing protocol is vulnerable to BGP hijacking attacks that hijack the network by impersonating normal BGP sessions. BGP Hijacking attacks can lead to causing intercept IP traffic or interference with the normal service operation. Recently, BGP hijacking attacks, which have often occurred overseas, have also occurred in Korea. It means threatening the security of the Internet. In this paper, we analyze the overall process of attack through representative attack cases and virtual scenarios of BGP hijacking and based on the results of analyzing the application status of security technology to prevent BGP hijacking attacks by Korea and global major ISPs. It covers the technical proposal of ISPs and autonomous system operators should take to defend against BGP hijacking attacks.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.85-98
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• 2010

An advanced and proactive response mechanism against diverse attacks on All-IP network should be proposed for enhancing its security and reliability on open network. There are two main research works related to this study. First one is the SPIE system with hash function on Bloom filter and second one is the Sinkhole routing mechanism using BGP protocol for verifying its transmission path. Therefore, advanced traceback and network management mechanism also should be necessary on All-IP network environments against DDoS attacks. In this study, we studied and proposed a new IP traceback mechanism on All-IP network environments based on existing SPIE and Sinkhole routing model when diverse DDoS attacks would be happen. Proposed mechanism has a Manager module for controlling the regional router with using packet monitoring and filtering mechanism to trace and find the attack packet's real transmission path. Proposed mechanism uses simplified and optimized memory for storing and memorizing the packet's hash value on bloom filter, with which we can find and determine the attacker's real location on open network. Additionally, proposed mechanism provides advanced packet aggregation and monitoring/control module based on existing Sinkhole routing method. Therefore, we can provide an optimized one in All-IP network by combining the strength on existing two mechanisms. And the traceback performance also can be enhanced compared with previously suggested mechanism.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.15-25
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• 2007

According to augmentation about interesting and demanding of privacy over the rest few years, researches that provide anonymity have been conducted in a number of applications. The ad hoc routing with providing anonymity protects privacy of nodes and also restricts collecting network information to malicious one. Until recently, quite a number of anonymous routing protocols have been proposed, many of them, however, do not make allowance for authentication. Thus, they should be able to have vulnerabilities which are not only modifying packet data illegally but also DoS(denial of service) attack. In this paper, we propose routing protocol with providing both anonymity and authentication in the mobile ad hoc network such as MANET, VANET, and more. This scheme supports all of the anonymity properties which should be provided in Ad Hoc network. In addition, based on the group signature, authentication is also provided for nodes and packets during route discovery phase. Finally, route discovery includes key-agreement between source and destination in order to transfer data securely.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2014

Wireless Ad Hoc Network is suitable for emergency situations such as and emergency, disaster recovery and war. That is, it has a characteristic that can build a network and use without help of any infrastructure. However, this characteristic is providing a cause of many security threats. In particular, routing attack is not applied the existing routing methods as it is and it is difficult to determine accurately whether nodes that participate in routing is malicious or not. The appropriate measure for this is necessary. In this paper, we propose a secure routing technique through a zone architecture-based node authentication in order to provide efficient routing between nodes. ZH node is elected for trust evaluation of the member nodes within each zone. The elected ZH node issues a certification of the member nodes and stores the information in ZMTT. The routing involvement of malicious nodes is blocked by limiting the transfer of data in the nodes which are not issued the certification. The superior performance of the proposed technique is confirmed through experiments.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.2733-2740
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• 2009

An advanced and proactive response mechanism against diverse attacks on All-IP network should be proposed for enhance its security and reliability on open network. There are two main research works related to this study. First one is the SPIE system with hash function on Bloom filter and second one is the Sinkhole routing mechanism using BGP protocol for verifying its transmission path. In this study, we proposed an advanced IP Tracing mechanism based on Bloom filter and Sinkhole routing mechanism. Proposed mechanism has a Manager module for controlling the regional router with using packet monitoring and filtering mechanism to trace and find the attack packet's real transmission path. Additionally, proposed mechanism provides advanced packet aggregation and monitoring/control module based on existing Sinkhole routing method. Therefore, we can provide an optimized one in All-IP network by combining the strength on existing two mechanisms. And the Tracing performance also can be enhanced compared with previously suggested mechanism.