• Mycobiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.178-181
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• 2005

Cordyceps militaris specimens were continuously collected by Entomopathogenic Fungal Culture Collection (EFCC), Kangwon National University from different mountains, national parks and recreation parks of Korea from 1986 to 2002, mainly from late May to October of each year. Dry specimens of C. militaris along with their isolates have been preserved in EFCC. Fruiting of C. militaris was induced from single ascospore isolates as well as their combinations in brown rice medium. Fruiting experiments showed that combinations of single ascospore isolates produced fertile fruiting bodies, but single isolates could not produce any fruiting bodies. It was shown that two isolates of the opposite mating types were required to produce fertile stromata. However, combinations of the same mating type isolates produced no fruiting body, showing that C. militaris is a bipolar, heterothallic fungus.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2003

본 연구는 계란을 이용한 눈꽃 동충하초 재배방법을 확립하기 위해서 실시되었다. 계란에서의 눈꽃 동충하초의 자실체는 22～26$^{\circ}C$에서 성장하였다. 접종 후 60일째의 배양기간중 계란 한개에서 건물기준으로 5.1g(평균길이 7.2cm, 199.6개 자실체)의 인공 눈꽃 동충하초 자실체가 생산되었다. 생산된 눈꽃 동충하초 자실체내의 영양소 함량 비교를 위해서 시판용 누에 동충하초도 동시에 이용되었다. 계란과 누에에서 생산된 각각의 눈꽃 동충하초의 자실체중의 코디세핀(Cordycepin)의 함량은 유의한 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 계란에서 생산된 눈꽃 동충하초의 자실체중에는 조지방의 함량이 누에에서 생산된 것보다 유의하게 많았다(P<0.05). 눈꽃 동충하초 자실체중의 Mn 과 Cu 함량은 누에에서 생산된 눈꽃 동충하초에서 높았지만(P<0.05), Na, Mg, Fe 및 Zn 함량은 계란에서 생산된 눈꽃 동충하초에서 많았다(P<0.05). Glycine, Arginine 및 Proline 함량은 누에에서 생산된 눈꽃 동충하초 자실체에서 높은 경향이, Serine, Cysten, Menthionine, isoleucine 및 Phenylalanin의 함량은 계란에서 생산된 눈꽃 동충하초에서 높아지는 경향이 인정되었다. 본 연구는 계란에서 인공적으로 눈꽃 동충하초의 대량생산을 가능하게 하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 2005

This study investigated the biochemical changes of abnormal fruiting bodies grown under artificial environmental conditions in P. ostreatus. Abnormal mushroom growth during cultivation damages the production of good quality mushroom. This study showed that different environmental conditions produced morphological changes in the fruiting bodies of P. ostreatus. The fruiting bodies with morphological changes were collected and examined for differences in biochemical properties, enzyme activities, and carbohydrates composition. The enzyme activities assay showed that glucanase and chitinase activities decreased when the temperature was below or above the optimum cultivation temperature for P. ostreatus. The biochemical compositions of the abnormal mushroom were significantly different from the normal fruiting bodies. It was suggested that the changes in the biochemical composition of abnormal mushroom were caused by the unfavorable environmental conditions during mushroom cultivation.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2019

간버섯 균주의 균사 생장은 PDA와 YMA에서 균사의 밀도와 생장량이 양호하였으나, MEA에서는 균사 생장량과 속도가 저조하였다. 배양 기간 중 광(光)조사는 균사체의 색소 형성과 균사체 밀도에 영향을 주었다. 간버섯은 병 재배와 봉지 재배 모두에서 자실체를 발생시킬 수 있었고 종균 배양과 재배를 위한 가장 적합한 배지 원료는 참나무톱밥으로 밝혀졌다. 톱밥배지를 사용한 인공재배에서 자실체의 발생은 15일째부터 육안으로 확인할 수 있는 정도로 자실체 원기가 생장하였으며 상대습도가 낮은 처리구에서 5일 정도 빠르게 형성되었다. 버섯 발생 40~45일째에는 성숙한자실체를 수확할 수 있었고, 생육실의 상대습도가 낮은 편이 버섯 발생과 생육에 유리하였다. 인공재배에서 수확한 자실체의 항산화 활성을 조사한 결과, 간버섯의 ABTS radical 소거 활성은 병 재배 자실체 추출물과 야생 간버섯 자실체 methanol 추출물이 각각 505㎍/㎖, 515㎍/㎖의 농도로 낮은 활성을 나타내었으나 봉지 재배에서 수확한 자실체는 910㎍/㎖로 높게 나타났다. DPPH radical 소거 활성 결과 모든 추출물이 활성 2,000㎍/㎖ 농도 이상의 IC₅₀값으로 활성을 나타내지 않았다. 간버섯의 ethyl acetate 추출물의 경우 간버섯 병 재배 자실체 추출물이 IC₅₀값 154.5㎍/㎖으로 가장 높은 활성을 보이는 것으로 나타났으며, 간버섯 methanol 추출물은 동일 농도(10mg/㎖)에서 ABTS radical 소거 활성은 야생 간버섯 자실체 추출물이 가장 높은 활성을 보였다.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.76-95
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• 2009

In the fungal genus Cordyceps, the type species Cordyceps militaris produces bioactive ingredients and exhibits medicinal effects as a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), The fruiting bodies of C.militaris have now been mass-produced artificially and used as functional food and medicine in China. The unstable variation in forming fruiting body is however a key restrictive factor in industrial production. The genetic study on in vitro stromata formation of C. militaris has rarely been carried out. Here, we report the effects of genetic variation including the mating system on perithecial stromata formation of C. militaris. Monoconidial isolates which have both MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1(genotype MAT1-1/2) could produce stromata. While the isolates only have either MAT1-1-1 or MAT1-2-1 (genotype MAT1-1 or MAT1-2) failed to produce stromata. Despite obvious heterothallism, homothallism was occasionally observed in a few isolates of C. militaris. High genetic variation was observed amongst the different monoconidial isolates of C. militaris. The unstable variation or lose of fruiting body formation was found to be caused by the inner-species high genetic variation of C. militaris. These results also indicated that C. militaris sexually behaved as both heterothallic and homothallic and required two mating type compatible in the same culture in order to produce regular clubshaped perithecial stromata.

• Mycobiology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

Interest in commercial cultivation and product development of Cordyceps species has shown a recent increase. Due to its biochemical and pharmacological effects, Cordyceps militaris, commonly known as orange caterpillar fungus, is being investigated with great interest. Cultivation of C. militaris has been practiced on a large scale in order to fulfill a demand for scientific investigation and product development. Isolates of C. militaris can be easily established from both spores and tissue. For isolation of spores, ascospores released from mature stromata are trapped in sterile medium. Multi-ascospore isolates, as well as combinations of single ascospore strains, are used for production of fruiting bodies. Progeny ascospore strains can be isolated from artificial fruiting bodies, thus, the cycle of fruiting body production can be continued for a long period of time. In this study, we examined fruiting body production from multi-ascospore isolates and their progeny strains for three generations. $F_1$ progeny strains generally produced a larger number of fruiting bodies, compared with their mother multi-ascospore isolates; however, $F_2$ and $F_3$ progeny strains produced fewer fruiting bodies. Optimum preservation conditions could help to increase the vitality of the progeny strains. In order to retain the fruiting ability of the strains, further testing of various methods of preservation and different methods for isolation should be performed.

• Mycobiology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.30-33
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• 2006

To screen additives and their mixed ratio suitable for the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation of Oudemansiella radicata in the oak sawdust, additives such as rice bran, fermented soybean powder and wheat bran were used. Generally, the mycelial growth of O. radicata has been stable on oak sawdust mixed with rice bran of $5{\sim}20%$. In case that O. radicata was cultured for about 30 days at $22{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ under the illumination (350 lux) of 12 hours and moisture condition of $90{\pm}5%$, the primordia have been formed gradually from red-brown crusts covering the surface of oak sawdust media. Based on the experimental results from 9 strains of O. radicata, fruiting bodies were produced widely on oak sawdust medium mixed with rice bran of 5 to 30%. Even though fruiting bodies of O. radicata have been produced well on oak sawdust media mixed with rice bran, fruiting bodies of O. radicata were produced intensively on oak sawdust media mixed with rice bran of 10%. Therefore, this result will provide a basic information for commercial production of fruiting body of wild O. radicata. This result is the first report associated with an artificial fruiting body formation of O. radicata in Korea.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.273-276
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• 1992

Armillaria mellea mushrooms were cultivated on the sawdust media, Quercus sawdust; rice bran=80:20 in polypropylene bags. The isolate of Armillaria mellea used was ARM69002F collected from a Korean pine plantation in Hongcheon district. The length of time between spawning and fruiting was required for 90 to 100 days. The number of fruiting bodies produced in a bags with a kg substrate were approxinately 31 (range of 18 to 62), and the total fresh weight 158g (61 to 207g), converted to 13 to 15% of fresh weight. The pilei of fruiting bodies were average 4.0 cm (2.5 to 7.6 cm)wide, and their stipes 8.2 cm long and 0.6 cm-thick at the upper part and 1.2 cm at the base.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2001

Differential display of reverse transcription(DDRT)-PCR was conducted to have a profile of the differentially expressed genes during the formation of fruiting body of Lentinus edodes. The lines of L. edodes(ImHyup-1) employed were cultivated in the artificial blocks of sawdust, and the fruiting body was induced from the mycelia or the mass protruded from the brown surface of the sawdust blocks. RNAs were prepared from the four different developmental stages; mycelial, primordial, and stipes and pileus of fruiting body. The fragments of cDNA were synthesized from the combinations of the arbitrary primers and 3' one anchored Oligo-dT primer. Twelve combinations using the primers have been tested, and among them nineteen bands were identified as differentially expressed. Those genes were further analyzed by DNA sequencing and followed by homology search. Characterization of one clone was conducted as a preliminary data and more are under investigation.

• 한국농림기상학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농림기상학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표논문집
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• pp.222-225
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• 2005