• Architectural research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.133-141
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• 2012

The research started from the consideration that, although many aspects of the Milanese Early Renaissance are well known today, thanks to a vast literature, only few studies, so far, have paid attention to the ordinary world of architectural work - and its obscure protagonists - of this area and this period. Moving from the belief that this topic is crucial for a complete understanding of the 15th century architectural world, characterized by a progressive overlapping of roles and responsibilities in the worksites, this study aims to provide a contribution to expand the understanding of this matter, by focusing on a particular aspect of it: the role of the public administration in the architectural activity. In particular, the paper analyzes the characteristics of the "Office of the engineers of the Municipality of Milan", one of the major public architectural institution of the Duchy of Milan in the 15th century. Through an extensive archival survey, conducted in the major archives of Milan and Lombardy, the research achieves two main findings: a) the reconstruction of the complete Office staff throughout the 15th century and, b) an outline of the role and identity of the Office and its officers, through the elaboration of data collected. In particular, professional roles, technical duties, cultural background and tasks of the officers, together with Office management, appointment procedures and salary conditions are highlighted. This research, not meant as an ultimate study on the topic discussed, is intended to provide some material and reference points for further researches that will aim to expand the understanding of this matter.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.73-90
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• 2019

The growth in the number of single-member households is a critical issue worldwide, especially among the elderly. For those living alone, who may be unaware of their health status or routines that could improve their health, a continuous healthcare monitoring system could provide valuable feedback. Assessing the performance adequacy of activities of daily living (ADL) can serve as a measure of an individual's health status; previous research has focused on determining a person's daily activities and extracting the most frequently performed behavioral patterns using camera recordings or wearable sensing techniques. However, existing methods used to extract common patterns of an occupant's activities in the home fail to address the spatio-temporal dimensions of human activities simultaneously. Though multiple sequence alignment (MSA) offers some advantages - such as inherent containment of the spatio-temporal data in sequence format, and rapid identification of hidden patterns - MSA has rarely been used to extract in-home ADL routines. This research proposes a method to extract a household occupant's ADL routines from a cumulative spatio-temporal data log of occupancy collected using a non-intrusive method (i.e., a tomographic motion detection system). The findings from an occupant's 28-day spatio-temporal activity log demonstrate the capacity of the proposed approach to identify routine patterns of an occupant's daily activities and to reveal the order, duration, and frequency of routine activities. Routine ADL patterns identified from the proposed approach are expected to provide a basis for detecting/evaluating abrupt or gradual changes of an occupant's ADL patterns that result from a physical or mental disorder, and can offer valuable information for home automation applications by enabling the prediction of ADL patterns.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.82-92
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• 2016

This study aims to contribute to better understanding of the Baroque architect Francesco Borromini, and, as a consequence, of the Baroque period itself. Recognizing that historical studies have focused mainly on the architectural (i.e., formal) aspects of Borromini's work and largely neglected the technical (i.e., structural) issues, and that the relationship between the architectural and structural worlds in Borromini's activity has consequently never been studied in depth, this research set as its objective the study of this relationship, and has developed a comparative analysis of Borromini's attitude toward architectural problems and questions of tectonics. The investigation has been conducted on two meaningful case-studies in Rome: San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza. The analysis has highlighted a strong dichotomy between Borromini as an architectural designer and Borromini as a structural designer. While Borromini's design is experimental, innovative, and nonconformist, his structures are cautious, tested, and validated by trustworthy tradition. His unprejudiced use of constructive solutions from different historical periods, regions, and cultural areas allows the definition of his approach to tectonics as "constructive eclecticism." The analysis has also highlighted the independence between the architectural and structural aspects of his work, as the two do not interfere with or limit each other. The dichotomy between form and structure in Borromini's work may reflect the "theatrical" tendency of Baroque culture, where what is shown on the face is often different from what is hidden behind.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

This study is preliminary and qualitative research to find out the possibility of using children's architectural work as projective test tools. The features of 21 works from the activity of built-environment education for children was analyzed and compared with MBTI psychological preference types. The key results are as follows: 1) Observation and communication was required to understand and analyze children's architectural works. 2) The results of children's work appeared in various ways, and were classified as indicators according to composition, shape, expression, program, circulation. These indicators also showed the independence of personal expression types regardless of age or gender. 3) The comparison between architectural expressions and MBTI preference types revealed a significant relationship between the indicators. The relationship only appeared in certain indicator pairs. Therefore, it can be said that the built-environment education could be used as a projection test tool to understand the psychological preferences of children. In conclusion, the meanings and limitations of this study and the possibility of future researches were discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2004

Territory is determined by physical elements that provide the occupants an obvious boundary in a space. The creation of boundary is a interpersonal process by which a person or group regulates interactions with others. The perception of territory needs boundary regulations that mean the composition of horizontal and vertical elements in architectural space. The perception of territory can be defined as perceptual reaction considering not only visual perception on the physical elements in the architectural space and also various kinds of social activity in architectural environment. To achiever territory in architectural space, visible and invisible boundary regulation should be need. It means that territorial boundary regulation needs visual and audial boundary regulation as well as spatial boundary regulation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.260-268
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• 1997

The safety of LPG vessel storage has been simply designed and controled with blast wave barrier structure concept regardless of its quantity or hazardous situation. The limit of regal controls on LPG vessel storage need to be identified in terms of safety buffer distance from LPG explosion. The level of overpressure effect and heat radiation In the safety structure and neighbouring human activity required to be estimated to find the gap between existing controls on such storage. To this content the paper discuss the issues on the approach In the blast wave barrier and safety separation distances.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.587-591
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• 2013

Measuring the process of construction operations for productivity improvement remains a difficult task for most construction companies due to the manual effort required in most activity measurement methods. There are many ways to measuring the process. But past measurement methods was inefficient. Because they needed a lot of manpower and time. So, this article focus on the vision-based object recognition and tracking methods for automated construction. These methods have the advantage of efficient that human intervention was reduced. Therefore, this article is analyzed the performance of vision-based methods in the construction sites and is expected to contribute to selection of vision-based methods.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.226-230
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• 2013

In the tall building construction, the slab formwork largely impacts on construction cost. Because productivity of a slab formwork is influenced by a number of and the efficiency of equipment, using the equipment-based construction method, an appropriate equipment input planning is crucial for the productivity. Meanwhile, the general equipment input planning is conducted by intuition based on experience due to the lack of equipment productivity data. Thus, this study develop a simulation model to analyze table formwork productivity and to propose an optimum equipment input plan that reflects the construction process, based on the full consideration of the economic factors. This study developed a simulation model by using CYCLONE and the data for the model was collected by measuring the duration of each unit activity in the tall building where table forms were applied. It is expected that a simulation model helps users to make better decision on the equipment input planning of slab formwork.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.44-51
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• 2023

Occupational safety and health management cost (OSHMC) is helpful for managing safety in construction sites. However, OSHMC has been criticized for various aspects, including the fact that OSHMC cannot reflect features of individual constructions when counting up and executing OSHMC. This study proposes the approach to distribute OSHMC by project size and activity type with the consideration of accident rates for various activities. Using 1,046 data obtained from Construction Safety Management Integrated Information (CSI), this study calculated the relative risk factors for each activity. The distribution of OSHMC is proposed based on the risk factors. The results were validated by industry expert interviews. The distribution proposed in this study will help construction managers establish and execute OSHMC usage plan effectively.

• Architectural research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2002

The typical Critical Path Method (CPM) leaves it to the construction managers to overcome two problems in developing networks. First, the construction manager needs to prepare information on the type of activities and their precedence relations in order to develop a network schedule. Second, he or she can include space information into the network schedule such as the locations where the activities take place, only with difficulty. These two problems make it difficult for an inexperienced person to create a network. The purpose of this paper is to provide construction managers with set equations of creating a network schedule for multiunit projects. A space-resource combined network creation are presented in this paper, which includes equations for generating a list of required activities, their precedence relations, and information on their location. Information on the space (location) and the resource is the required data for this method. Based on this information, this method divides a project into a number of activities so that each activity contains the information on the location where the activity takes place and the principal resource required for that activity. Precedence relations are then obtained from the sequence of space and resource. This method has the potential to reduce human efforts in scheduling activities.