• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2019

The aim of this study is to analyze the current status and performance evaluation systems of faculty in Korean medical colleges and professional graduate medical schools (called medical schools). We developed a research tool based on previous studies and distributed it to 40 medical schools from July to October 2017. The response rate was 100%. We calculated the number of faculty members and analyzed the faculty evaluation systems and awareness according to national and private medical schools. As of 2017, the number of medical faculty in Korea was 11,111 (4,973 faculty were employed by their alma mater, which is 44.76% of the total), with non-medical doctor faculty accounting for 754 of the total. The medical schools reflect research achievements as most important for re-appointment and screening to promote faculty, and the area of education is secondary excepting clinical faculty of private medical schools. However, important issues in the faculty evaluation deal with the relevance of research achievement and the need for qualitative assessment. Some medical schools revised or have been revising the faculty evaluation system in areas such as minimum standards of education for promotion and separation of promotion and tenure review. Opening non-tenure track lines for faculty show positive effects such as increasing the number of positions for hire and easing the financial burdens of medical schools. Downfalls include inconsistencies between the responsibilities and actual practices of tenure not being available and the instability of faculty's status. In conclusion, medical schools need to prepare a faculty evaluation system that fits the position of faculty members and attempt to establish a reasonable compensation system.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.351-363
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• 2020

The objective of this paper is to explore how board gender diversity affects corporate sustainability performance. Therefore, this paper examines the direct association between board gender diversity with corporate sustainability performance and the mediation effect of enterprise risk management (ERM) on this association. The study employed a cross-sectional survey method. Data were collected from annual reports, websites, and through the questionnaires that were distributed to Chief Financial Officers (CFOs) of all the listed companies of Dhaka Stock Exchange, Bangladesh. The partial least square technique of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach was employed for data analysis. The result did not find support for the direct association between board gender diversity and sustainability performance in Bangladesh context. This implies that contextual factors, such as, male-dominant board, appointment of female directors based on family ties, lack of education and expertise etc. may discount gender diversity direct influence on sustainability performance. However, the study finds strong support for the mediating role of ERM use within the corporate structure. Further analysis of indirect effect suggests that ERM use mediates the relationship of board gender diversity and sustainability performance in full. This implies that in the Bangladesh context effective use of ERM is highly recommended.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.560-574
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a hybrid method of Machine Learning (ML) algorithm and a rule-based algorithm to implement a lightweight Named Entity (NE) extraction system for Korean SMS text. NE extraction from Korean SMS text is a challenging theme due to the resource limitation on a mobile phone, corruptions in input text, need for extension to include personal information stored in a mobile phone, and sparsity of training data. The proposed hybrid method retaining the advantages of statistical ML and rule-based algorithms provides fully-automated procedures for the combination of ML approaches and their correction rules using a threshold-based soft decision function. The proposed method is applied to Korean SMS texts to extract person's names as well as location names which are key information in personal appointment management system. Our proposed system achieved 80.53% in F-measure in this domain, superior to those of the conventional ML approaches.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.31-56
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• 2007

The purpose of this thesis lies on building the foundation for the further activation of trade among the Northeast Asian countries such as South Korea, Japan, China, Russia, and North Korea through an analytical comparison of their arbitration systems. Further activation of trade cannot be reached without previously building safety measures on the negotiation of exports, the control on defective imported merchandise, the returns on investments, and the stable management of businesses. Throughout this thesis an analytical comparison of these five countries' most important areas on arbitration will be carried out. These areas are the arbitration laws and organizations; the structures of the laws; scope of arbitration; form of arbitration agreement, appointment of arbitratiors, place of arbitration, hearing, court assistance in taking evidence, governing law, decision making by panel of arbitrators, form and contents of awards, effective of award, recourse against award, recognition and enforcement of awards. etc. It was found in each of the areas cases to be identical, similar or verydifferent; also, cases unable to arbitrate. This phenomenon was found to occur due to the differences in political and economic systems and perception of arbitration among these countries. Additionally, this thesis points out what should each country do for its integration. It is also suggested the organization of a common arbitration research body to continue the efforts for raising the awareness, building trust, and mutual recognition among the countries to ultimately create a common arbitration system. Lastly, it is a personal will that this thesis will serve as the starting point for in depth researches in each of the presented areas.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.464-484
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• 2001

When restoring a tooth, the dentist tries to choose the ideal material for existing situation. One criterion that is considered is its suitability for restoring coronal strength. As more tooth structure is removed, the cusps are weakened and susceptible to fracture. Further, this increased deformation may cause the formation of intermittent gaps at the margin between the hard tissue and the restoration, facilitating marginal leakage. The improvements in ceramic materials now make it possible for alternatives to amalgams, composites, and cast metal to be of offered for posterior teeth. Of the materials used, ceramics most closely approximates the properties of enamel. The introduction of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture(CAD/CAM) systems to restorative dentistry represents a major technological breakthrough. It is possible to design and fabricate ceramic restorations at a single appointment. Additionally, CAD/CAM systems eliminate certain errors and inaccuracies that are inherent to the indirect method and provide an esthetic restoration. The aim of this investigation was to study the loading characteristics of CAD/CAM ceramic inlay and to compare the stress distribution and displacement associated with different designs of cavity(the isthmus width and cavity depth). A human maxillary left first premolar was prepared with standard mesio-occlusal cavity preparation, as recommended by the manufacturer Ceramic inlay was fabricated with CEREC 2 CAD/CIM equipment and cemented into the prepared cavity. Three dimensional model was made by the serial photographic method. The cavity width was varied $\frac{1}{3}$, $\frac{1}{2}$ and $\frac{2}{3}$ of intercuspal distance between buccal and lingual cusp tip. The cavity depth was varied 1.5mm and 2.3mm. So six models were constructed to simulate six conditions. A point load of 500N was applied vertically onto the first node of the lingual slope from the buccal cusp tip. The stress distribution and displacement were solved using ANSYS finite element program(Swanson Analysis System). (omitted)

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.380-388
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• 2015

Objectives: Poisonous substances experts engage in policymaking regarding poisonous substances, whereas poisonous substances managers perform legal duties related to poisonous substances management systems at worksites. To understand and improve poisonous substances designation systems, it is necessary to distinguish the roles of these experts and managers. We further aimed to identify problems with poisonous substances appointment systems and provide basic data for their improvement by investigating the knowledge and recognition of the need for system improvement among managers and experts. Methods: To determine the $subjects^{\circ}{\emptyset}$ awareness of poisonous substances designation systems, a selfadministered questionnaire comprised of items on general characteristics and knowledge and recognition of the need for system improvement was issued. Data were analyzed via t-tests and ANOVA using SPSS v 16.0 Results: Regarding system comprehension, managers (n=213; mean 3.28, SD 0.63) significantly differed from experts (n=35; mean 4.08, SD 0.59) (P<0.001). No differences were found in recognition of need for improvement between managers (mean 3.11, SD 0.34) and experts (mean 3.24, SD 0.31). Significant differences in comprehension were found among managers by education level (P<0.05) and company size (P<0.05). Regarding industry type, comprehension was greater in the electrical/electronic and chemical/environmental industries compared to in other industries (P = 0.066). Comprehension was higher among those with five years or more of experience compared to those with less than five years. Regarding recognition of need for improvement, managers showed significant differences by company size (P<0.05). $Experts^{\circ}{\emptyset}$ comprehension showed no differences by general characteristics, while need for improvement differed according to work experience (P<0.001). Conclusion: The study found that the bigger the company size, the higher the level of comprehension by managers and the experts. In the case of both groups, where a higher comprehension of the poisonous substances designation system was evident, they recognized the necessity of its improvement.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.99-125
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the arbitral proceeding system in Indonesia. Arbitration in Indonesia is governed by Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution (Arbitration Law). Also, the Indonesian National Board of Arbitration (BANI) is the main arbitration body in Indonesia. BANI handles both domestic and international disputes. BANI has published its Rules of Arbitral Procedure (the BANI Rules). Within a period of not longer than 30 days after receiving the petition for arbitration, the respondent must submit its reply. Also, if the respondent wishes to assert against the claimant a counter-claim in connection with the dispute, the respondent may submit such counter-claim together with its statement of defense no later than the first hearing. This paper suggests that the following may be some of the disadvantages to using arbitration under the BANI Rules. The first is that final decision or approval regarding the designation of all arbitrators shall be in the hands of the Chairman of BANI. It is the chief problem facing the international stream of arbitration systems. The second is that arbitrators must have certain minimum qualifications. BANI Rules provide the same requirements for the qualifications of the arbitrators as the Arbitration Law. The third is that the BANI Rules require arbitrators in BANI-administered references to be chosen from BANI's list of arbitrators. BANI can also consider a recognized foreign arbitrator if the foreign arbitrator meets the qualification requirements and is prepared to comply with the BANI Rules. This includes the requirement that the appointing party must bear the travel, accommodation, and other special expenses related to the appointment of the foreign arbitrator.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.341-382
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to introduce 'Bogoganeun Maeul Movement' which was drived by Jellabuk-do province at 1962. and to ascertain historical meaning of its among history of Korea rural development and to investigate the relationships among 'Sinsanghwal movement', 'Community development program', 'Jaegungukmin movement'. It was found that 4,031 Maeul was designated a Bogaganeun Maeul at 1962. and leader of its village got an appointment as 'light of rural' by province administration. This study was found that the historical meaning that even if it was in theoretically and administrative frame. Bogaganeun Maeul was a self-regulating first community development program that was drived by Jeollabuk-do and starting point of model of 'Mobum Burak'. Besides Bogaganeun Maeul was tourism village for an inspection and learning by observation. and first article that 'Sightseeing village' word appeared initially in the newspaper.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.46 no.spc
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• pp.19-30
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• 2023

Recently, the government has provided support such as entering new markets, expanding sales channels, and supporting manpower, not just in the form of funding, to efficiently and effectively support limited national resources to improve corporate performance. In this study, we tried to find out the effect of government support for companies that have benefited from the Excellent Technology Research Center Project (ATC Project) and the World Class 300 project using propensity score matching. As a result of the analysis, the effect of government support for the ATC project became visible after the appointment period, while the effect of the World Class 300 project was insignificant. This means that when the size of the company is small, the effect of government support is more pronounced. This suggests that in order to maximize the effectiveness of government support, appropriate national policy interventions such as government innovation funding are needed when the size of the company is small. In this study, differences in the timing, performance indicators, and company size of policy support effects were found in the growth stage of a company from a mid- to long-term time series perspective, suggesting that support policies based on this need to be adjusted and redesigned.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.231-254
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the actual condition and problems of Mongolian teacher quality management of selection and qualification and to recommend improvement. We examined the Mongolian teacher qualification management system with four criteria based on previous research. The results of this study are as follows. Mongolian government established quality management mechanisms such as selection of pre-service teachers, verification of teacher certificate, and appointment of in-service teachers, and teacher qualification standards. These Mongolian teacher selections and qualification systems were operated to attract the manpower required for teaching, to verify their qualifications and to induce professional development. However, the systems have not been able to verify the teachers' ability to practice in the field. We also found that the systems themselves were criticized for failing to guarantee conformity, fairness and transparency. Based on the results of this study, we discussed and draw policy implications for improvement of teacher quality management of selection and qualification in Mongolia.