• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.233-240
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• 2012

White LEDs (light-emitting diodes) are promising new-generation light sources which can replace conventional lamps due to their high reliability, low energy consumption and eco-friendly effects. This paper briefly reviews recent progress of oxy/nitride host phosphor and quantum dot materials with broad excitation band characteristics for phosphor-converted white LEDs. Among oxy/nitride host materials, $M_2Si_5N_8$ : $Eu^{2+}$, $MAlSiN_3$ : $Eu^{2+}$ M-SiON (M = Ca, Sr, Ba), ${\alpha}/{\beta}$-SiAlON : $Eu^{2+}$ are excellent phosphors for white LED using blue-emitting chip. They have very broad excitation bands in the range of 440~460 nm and exhibit emission from green to red. In this paper, In this review we focus on recent developments in the crystal structure, luminescence and applications of the oxy/nitride phosphors for white LEDs. In addition, the application prospects and current trends of research and development of quantum dot phosphors are also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.339-344
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• 2013

Application of intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment is an emerging technology with interesting prospects in food preservation. However, information concerning the factors affecting the inactivation of microorganisms and their impact on the quality of fresh-cut food is scarce. In this study, the effects of IPL treatment on the microbial inactivation and physicochemical change in paprika were determined. The viability of bacteria in paprika treated with IPL decreased slightly with the treatment time. In addition, water content was slightly decreased after IPL treatment regardless of the color of paprika. However, except in red paprika, sugar content increased after IPL treatment. The pH of paprika increased in all samples, and the polyphenol content decreased with treatment time, but these differences were very small. After IPL treatment of paprika, vitamin C content increased in yellow and red samples. Hunter color values-lightness (L), redness (a), and yellowness (b)-increased in red paprika, but all values decreased in orange paprika.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1589-1594
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• 2010

Glutaraldehyde was used to cross-link chitosan beads to immobilize the crude enzyme $\beta$-glucosidase from Exiguobacterium sp. DAU5. The conditions for preparing cross-linking chitosan beads and immobilization such as concentration of glutaradehyde, cross-linking time, immobilization pH and time were optimized. The chitosan beads were cross-linked with 1.5% glutaraldehyde for 1.5 hr. The immobilized $\beta$-glucosidase had an overall yield of 20% and specific activity of 5.22 U/g. The optimized pH and temperature were 9.0 and $55^{\circ}C$, respectively. More than 80% of its activity at pH 7.0-10.0, 80% at $40^{\circ}C$ for 2 hr and 48% at $50^{\circ}C$ for 1 hr, were retained. However, the immobilization product showed higher pH and thermal stabilities than free enzymes. It also showed high hydrolyzing activity on soybean isoflavone glycoside linkage. These results suggest the broad application prospects of immobilization enzymes.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.73-87
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• 1993

This paper reviews the topic of GIS, the academic setting of GIS, GIS model curricula and the possibility GIS education in Korea. The topics which might be included in a science of geographic information consist of data collection and measurement, data capture, spatial statistics, data modeling and theories of spatial data, data structures, algorithms and processes, display, analytical tools, institutional, managerial and ethical issues. The problems in teaching a course on GIS in higher education are reviewed. Because of their technological, integrative, and rapidly changing nature, GIS pose major challenges to their education system which it is ill equipped to meet. In higher education a number of initiatives have been taken to provide education about and training with, GIS. The possible GIS curricula are suggested. These curricula are divided into 3 major sections, relating GIS context, technical issues and application issues. The prospects of GIS appears lo depend largely upon the future cooperation of academia, government, and industry

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.193-201
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• 2005

We are living in Ubiquitous society now. There is also trend of integration in medical field that is largely affected by outside environment. At this time, it is necessary to rightly understand the abstract, function, expected effect and management method of Integration Medical Information System(IMIS) to use this system effectively for solving many hospital information system problems and disadvantages. It is fact that large-sized hospitals are improving the quality of service for treatment of patients through building integrated Medical Information System. So it is necessary to change this individual system that is previously developed and used for treatment assistance, hospital affair or general management respectively to integrated management system, modify patient information or treatment information data to the data suitable for new system and build the integrated medical information system suitable for the hospital service with treatment data and integrated medical information. This paper suggested and designed abstract of integrated medical information system, the organization of system, the character of system and the plan and materialization of IMIS when building integrated medical information system. And the context of this paper is suggested trend of industry and solution of integration EMR, HIS, PACS. Therefore this paper is suggested development strategy, implemented integration medical information system.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.62-72
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• 2019

Future prospects for the North Korean construction market created by reunification of the Korean Peninsula has consistently been recognized as highly promising. Although rehabilitation projects of the deteriorating construction facilities in North Korea are expected to serve as new source of growth engine to South Korea in future, the status quo of each infrastructure in the North are described verbosely with signs of subjective translation. There has been limited approach on depicting the condition and performance of the North Korean facilities based on quantitative and systematic approach. Thus, this study has been conducted under a twofold purpose. First, this study proposes a performance indicator for identifying the status quo of the major construction facilities in North Korea based on a quantitative approach. Second, this study applies the developed indicator to visualize the results on the conditions of each facility in the form of a report card. This expected to serve as a basis on determining the appropriate level of the construction infrastructure in North Korea and estimating the range of rehabilitation projects along with the investment cost.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.3-42
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• 2018

This paper aims to explore ways to develop the arbitration industry in Korea. The prospects for the promotion of the arbitration industry in Korea are never dim. International arbitration competitiveness is somewhat lower than its competitors at present, but the international economic base to support it is solid, and the domestic arbitration environment seems to be sufficient to support the development possibility of arbitration. Since geographical and economic factors have already been defined, Korea must at least improve the arbitration act with passion and vision for the best one. The arbitration act that is the most accessible to arbitration consumers is the best arbitration act. The important thing is to have an arbitration act that makes people want to use more than litigation or other dispute resolution procedures. There is no hope of remaining as a "second mover" in the field of arbitration law. One should have a will and ambition to become a "first mover" even if it is risky. Considering the situation of the current arbitration law, it is necessary to start an arbitration appeal system in order to become a consumer-friendly arbitration law, and it is necessary to examine ways of integrating the grant of execution clause and enforcement application procedures. The abolition of the condition of Article 35 of the Arbitration Act, which rules the validity of the arbitration award, will help promote international arbitration. Exclusion agreements of setting aside against arbitration awards must also be fully recognized. It is also important to publish a widely cited international arbitration journal. In order to respond to the fourth industrial revolution era, it is necessary to support the establishment of a dispute resolution system that utilizes IT technology. In order to actively engage the arbitrators in the market, it is necessary to abolish the regulations that exist in the Attorneys-at-Law Act. There is also a need to allocate more budget to educate arbitration consumers and to establish arbitration training centers to strengthen domestic arbitration education. It is also necessary to evaluate and verify the Arbitration Promotion Act so that it can achieve results. In the international arbitration market, competition is fierce and competitors are already taking the initiative, so in order not to miss the timing, Korea needs to activate international arbitration first. In order to activate international arbitration, the arbitration body needs to be managed with the same mobility and strategy as the agency in the marketplace. In Korea, unlike in Singapore and Hong Kong, it is necessary to recognize that the size of the domestic arbitration market is very likely to increase sharply due to the economic size of the country and the large market potential it can bring from litigation. In order to promote the arbitration industry, what is most important is to make arbitration activities in accordance with the principles of the market and to establish an institutional basis to enable competition. It is urgently required to change the perception of the relevant government departments and arbitration officials.

• Composites Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.378-393
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• 2022

As an emerging power generation technology, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have received increasing attention due to their boundless promise in energy harvesting and self-powered sensing applications. The recent rise of soft robotics has sparked widespread enthusiasm for developing flexible and soft sensors and actuators. TENGs have been regarded as promising power sources for driving actuators and self-powered sensors, providing a unique approach for the development of soft robots with soft sensors and actuators. In this review, TENG-based soft robots with different morphologies and different functions are introduced. Among them, the design of biomimetic soft robots that imitate the structure, surface morphology, material properties, and sensing/generating mechanisms of nature has greatly benefited in improving the performance of TENGs. In addition, various bionic soft robots have been well improved compared to previous driving methods due to the simple structure, self-powering characteristics, and tunable output of TENGs. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of various studies within specific areas of TENG-enabled soft robotics applications. We first explore various recently developed TENG-based soft robots and a comparative analysis of various device structures, surface morphologies, and nature-inspired materials, and the resulting improvements in TENG performance. Various ubiquitous sensing principles and generation mechanisms used in nature and their analogous artificial TENG designs are demonstrated. Finally, biomimetic applications of TENG enabled in tactile displays as well as in wearable devices, artificial electronic skin and other devices are discussed. System designs, challenges and prospects of TENGs-based sensing and actuation devices in the practical application of soft robotics are analyzed.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.199-209
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• 2023

Background: Due to the interrupted blood supply in cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), ischemic and hypoxia results in neuronal depolarization, insufficient NAD+, excessive levels of ROS, mitochondrial damages, and energy metabolism disorders, which triggers the ischemic cascades. Currently, improvement of mitochondrial functions and energy metabolism is as a vital therapeutic target and clinical strategy. Hence, it is greatly crucial to look for neuroprotective natural agents with mitochondria protection actions and explore the mediated targets for treating CIS. In the previous study, notoginseng leaf triterpenes (PNGL) from Panax notoginseng stems and leaves was demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the potential mechanisms have been not completely elaborate. Methods: The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) was adopted to verify the neuroprotective effects and potential pharmacology mechanisms of PNGL in vivo. Antioxidant markers were evaluated by kit detection. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by ATP content measurement, ATPase, NAD and NADH kits. And the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and pathological staining (H&E and Nissl) were used to detect cerebral morphological changes and mitochondrial structural damages. Western blotting, ELISA and immunofluorescence assay were utilized to explore the mitochondrial protection effects and its related mechanisms in vivo. Results: In vivo, treatment with PNGL markedly reduced excessive oxidative stress, inhibited mitochondrial injury, alleviated energy metabolism dysfunction, decreased neuronal loss and apoptosis, and thus notedly raised neuronal survival under ischemia and hypoxia. Meanwhile, PNGL significantly increased the expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) in the ischemic regions, and regulated its related downstream SIRT1/2/3-MnSOD/PGC-1α pathways. Conclusion: The study finds that the mitochondrial protective effects of PNGL are associated with the NAMPT-SIRT1/2/3-MnSOD/PGC-1α signal pathways. PNGL, as a novel candidate drug, has great application prospects for preventing and treating ischemic stroke.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.663-679
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• 2023

This review analyzes research trends related to new drug development using artificial intelligence from 2010 to 2022. This analysis organized the abstracts of 2,421 studies into a corpus, and words with high frequency and high connection centrality were extracted through preprocessing. The analysis revealed a similar word frequency trend between 2010 and 2019 to that between 2020 and 2022. In terms of the research method, many studies using machine learning were conducted from 2010 to 2020, and since 2021, research using deep learning has been increasing. Through these studies, we investigated the trends in research on artificial intelligence utilization by field and the strengths, problems, and challenges of related research. We found that since 2021, the application of artificial intelligence has been expanding, such as research using artificial intelligence for drug rearrangement, using computers to develop anticancer drugs, and applying artificial intelligence to clinical trials. This article briefly presents the prospects of new drug development research using artificial intelligence. If the reliability and safety of bio and medical data are ensured, and the development of the above artificial intelligence technology continues, it is judged that the direction of new drug development using artificial intelligence will proceed to personalized medicine and precision medicine, so we encourage efforts in that field.