• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.634-645
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the teachers' stages of concern and levels of use on STEAM of the 2009 elementary science curriculum and to support effective application according to the teachers' stages and levels. Therefore this study was conducted by the Concerns-Based Adoption Model (CBAM). The total number of 113 teachers participated in this study. The results of the study were as follows: First, most teachers were in the stage of awareness. Second, the results of the chi-square test showed that the stages were significantly different according to their positions, training experiences and final degrees (p<.05). Third, about half of teachers were in the level of orientation and preparation. The others were in the level of routine, integration and renewal. Fourth, the results of the chi-square test showed that the levels were significantly different with the categories of their gender, position, age, career in education, workplace and training experience (p<.05). Fifth, the correlation coefficient between stages of concern and levels of use (r=.59) was relatively high (p<.05). Based on these results, we suggested that the support of application should be provided according to the teachers' stages and levels.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 1987

To search for the optimal nitrogen application method for the machine transplanting to Dongjinbyeo, compared to conventional method, in the various methods of nitrogen split application at different growth stages of rice plant. This experiment was performed at Honam Crop Experiment Station, in 1985 year. The results were as followed; the nitrogen contents of leaf blade was the highest at maximum tillering stage under the conventional method and reduction division stage under the nitrogen top-dressing at panicle initiation and 5 times split application of nitrogen for the whole rice growth stages. CGR, RGR and NAR after heading was highest under 5 times split application of nitrogen for the whole rice growth stages. Relationships between CGR and NAR, NAR and RGR, CGR and RGR showed the positive correlation significantly at each rice growth stage, respectively, and showed more high correlation according to further rice growth stages. The degree of contribution of CGR to rice grain yield was the highest at 20 days after heading. Rice grail: yield was higher under top-dressing of nitrogen at panicle initiation and basal application (30%) + 4 times equal dispensing top-dressing after basal application of nitrogen than conventional method.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.650-656
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• 2016

Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is widely used circuit component in high-performance microprocessors and modern communication systems as a frequency source. In present work, VCO designs using the different combination of NAND gates with three transistors and CMOS inverter are reported. Three, five and seven stages ring VCO circuits are designed. Coarse and fine tuning have been done using two different supply sources. The frequency with coarse tuning varies from 3.31 GHz to 5.60 GHz in three stages, 1.77 GHz to 3.26 GHz in five stages and 1.27 GHz to 2.32 GHz in seven stages VCO respectively. Moreover, for fine tuning frequency varies from 3.70 GHz to 3.94 GHz in three stages, 2.04 GHz to 2.18 GHz in five stages and 1.43 GHz to 1.58 GHz in seven stages VCO respectively. Results of power consumption and phase noise for the VCO circuits are also been reported. Results of proposed VCO circuits have been compared with previously reported circuits and present circuit approach show significant improvement.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2003

This research examined the capabilities of KOMPSAT-1 EOC images for the application of urban environment, including the urban changes of the study areas. This research is constructed in three stages: Firstly, for the application of change detection techniques, which utilizes multi-temporal remotely sensed data, the data normalization process is carried out. Secondly, the change detection method is applied for the systematic monitoring of land-use changes. Lastly, using the results of the previous stages, the land-use map is updated. Consequently, the patterns of land-use changes are monitored by the proposed scheme. In this research, using the multi-temporal KOMPSAT-1 EOC images and land-use maps, monitoring of urban growth was carried out with the application of land-use changes, and the potential and scope of the application of the EOC images were also examined.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.45-62
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• 2001

This paper is focused on the torsional effects that are induced on bridge piers by unbalanced wind buffeting on the deck during double cantilever erection stages. The case of decks with variable cross section is considered in particular as this characteristic is typical of most frame bridges that are built by the cantilever method. The procedure outlined in the paper is basically an application of the method that Dyrbye and Hansen (1996) have illustrated for decks with constant cross section. This format was chosen because it is suitable for design purposes and may easily be implemented in structural codes. As a complement, the correspondence with the format that is adopted in the Canadian code (NBCC 1990) for the gust factor is established, which might be useful to bridge designers used to the North-American approach to the gust effects on structures. Only alongwind turbulence and horizontal movements of the deck are considered. The combination of torsional and bending effects is also discussed and it is illustrated with an example of application.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.3B
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• pp.105-113
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• 2005

In this paper, through the implementation of the application service, we evaluated the feasibility and availability of the staged application service platform, which is based on the sharing of the PVM cluster. Application service platform provides three managers for dividing the request processing steps into two stages, such as a request processing stage and a service providing stage. Three managers and its relation to the divided stages are as follows, service manager and load manager to distribute the request in front-end server for a request processing stage, job manager in clustered(back-end) servers for a service providing stage. The experiment shows that the staged application service platform provides more stable and scalable characteristics and better performance improvement on the dynamic load changes than the single server system. And also it shows that real application service system can be implemented easily without modification of the proposed service platform.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.299-305
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of benomyl application at different growth stages on the infection of green pod and seed by Phomopsis spp. and yield in vegetable soybean. One early maturing vegetable soybean variety 'Seokryangputkong' was planted on 20 April at Suwon in 1996. The rate of non-infected green pods by Phomopsis spp. was most highly suppressed by benomyl application once at the R5 stage and twice at R4 and R6 stages. The rate of non-infected green pods was higher in branches than in mainstem, and in upper than in low part of plant. The Phomopsis seed decay at maturity was most highly decreased by benomyl application once at the R6 stage and twice at the R4 and R6 stages. Benomyl application effectively reduced the infection rate of green pod and seeds by Phomopsis spp. and increased the yield of non-infected green pods by 34∼76％ and non-infected seeds by 51∼98％.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 1981

The study was conducted to know the differential growth responses of soybean cultivars as affected by various application stages of Metribuzin herbicide, at the University experimental farm of Chonnam Nat'l. Univ, Kwangjoo, 1980. Experimented soybean materials were six cultivars, as Kwanggyo, Dongbuktae, Bongui, Yukwoo 3, Suweon 85, and Suweon 86., . and Laid-out application stages were five as pre-sowing, Pre-emergence, Early Post-emergence, and Late Post-emergence treatment comparing with Control. Results obtained from the study were as follows: Among experimented soybean cultivars, no significantly tolerant cultivar was shown. Highly significant differences in phytotoxicities by Metribuzin treatments were detected among various application stages, and crop tolerances were recognized bigger in order as E. Post-emg. < L. Post-emg. $\ll$ Pre-emg. < Pre-sowing $\leq$ Control. The phytotoxic symptoms of all soybean cuitivars were severely recorded in order of Leaf No. /Plant < Plant height $\ll$ Branch No. /Plant. For the cultivation of most soybean cuitivars, the use of Metribuzin in Pre-sowing or Pre-emergence were recommended, and especially it is expected to follow of more detailed study on soil-incorporation method in Pre-sowing treatment, and rather the tank-mixture system of Metribuzin with others than the mono-application system for the safe-use and enlargement of weeding-spectrum.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.317-325
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to examine the differences in health belief variables and HPV (Human Papillomavirus) knowledge in Pap smears according to the stages of change using Trans-theoretical Model (TTM) among married nurses. Methods: The research design was a cross sectional survey. Participants were 387 married nurses working in general hospital located metropolitan city. Measurement variables were perceived threatening, perceived severity, benefits of Pap, HPV knowledge and stages of the change in Pap smear. Results: Classified stages were pre-contemplation 3.9%, contemplation 17.8%, relapsing 29.5%, action 31.0%, and maintenance 17.8%. Accuracy rate of HPV knowledge were low ranging from 15% to 45%. Among the variables, perceived threatening (F=3.56, p=.007), perceived severity (F=9.73, p<.001) and HPV knowledge (F=7.52, p<.001) were significantly different by stages of change. Conclusion: Application of TTM to Pap smears was efficient to know the nurse's level of health behaviors, Health belief variables and HPV knowledge were main factors to identify the stages of change. The continuation of Pap smears and the education in relation to HPV knowledge should be encouraged for married nurses.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

Purpose - The study investigates the impact of consignment on the economic performance in the supply chain with three stages. Through the analysis on distinct forms of consignment application, this study intends to answer to the question of how the consignment should be used in the multi-stage supply chain. Research design, data, and methodology - The proposed mathematical model represents the supply chain system with a manufacturer, a wholesaler, and a retailer. Three different forms of consignment application are considered depending on which stages adapt the consignment, and their system profits are compared with the traditional non-consignment system in numerical examples. Results - The numerical examples show that the serial consignment application performs better than any other forms of consignment as well as the non-consignment system. The additional analysis indicates that the system profit is significantly sensitive to the consignment rate. Conclusions - The outcome of this study implies the potential of consignment to improve the system performance even in the multi-stage supply chain system. Meanwhile, each supply chain member's preference to the specific form of consignment application could be different depending on which stage he has. All the supply chain members should jointly determine the appropriate consignment rates to obtain the best system performance.