• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.64-73
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• 2002

FDG-PET has potential as an effective, non-invasive tool to measure tumor response to anticancer therapy. The changes in tumor FDG uptake may provide an early, sensitive guide to the clinical and subclinical response of tumors to cancer treatment, as well as functional assessment of residual viable tumor. This may allow the evaluation of subclinical response to anticancer drugs in early clinical trials and improvements in patients management. However, monitoring tumor responses with FDG-PET is still in its infancy. The methods of measurement of FDG uptake are currently diverse and timing with respect to anti cancer therapy variable. Therefore, there is a need for larger-scale trials along with standardized methodology and a collection of reproducibility data. The recent guideline from the European group seems to be the most comprehensive. In future, the combination of morphological and metabolic images may improve the quantitative nature of these measurements by relating tumor viability to total tumor mass. More data on sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET technique are needed along with continued advancement of PET methodology.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1910-1916
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• 2007

Analyzed are recent advances in design of novel boronared conjugates of synthetic and natural porphyrins and chlorins. These compounds showed high efficacy as cytotoxic agents for tumor cells in culture and as phototoxins in photodynamic therapy of tumor xenografts. Thus, boronated porphyrins and chlorins emerge as promising class of anticancer agents with potentially multiple advantages: the chemotherapeutic drugs alone and photo- and radiosensitizers in binary treatments.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.3-7
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• 2001

Objectives: New photosensitizer 9-hydroxypheophorbide-$\alpha$(9-HpbD-$\alpha$) was derived from chlorophyll in water with peak absorption at 660nm. 9-HpbD-$\alpha$ was tested with 660 nm diode laser for the anticancer effect of photodynamic therapy. Materials and Methods: Human SNU 1041 cells were seeded into 96 well plate at a density of $$ cells/well for 24 hours. Cells were washed with media containing various concentration of 9-HpbD-$\alpha$ ranging from $0{\mu}g/ml\;to\;3.75{\mu}g/ml$. Then, laser treatment was done with 660nm diode laser ($10mW/cm^2$) at various time setting (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes) and with various time interval (0, 1, 4, 6, 18 hours). The treated cells were incubated 48 hours and MTT assay was done to measure the viability of cells. Results: The viability of cells was more than 90% after laser treatment in control group. The viability of cells was decreased with increasing concentration of 9-HpbD-$\alpha$ and laser treatment time in experimental groups. The viability of cells was decreased significantly as the interval time between addition of 9-HpbD-$\alpha$ and laser irradiation was increased. Conclusion: This study shows the anticancer effect of photodynamic therapy using 9-HpbD-$\alpha$ and 660nm Diode laser on carcinoma cell line. 9-HpbD-$\alpha$ is considerd as one of new photo sensitizers in the field of photodynamic therapy.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.607-612
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• 2009

소아기의 악성 종양은 질병으로 인한 소아 사망의 가장 흔한 원인이다. 이에 대한 대표적인 치료 방법으로 항암 화학 요법과 방사선 요법의 단독 사용 혹은 이들의 병용을 들 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 치료 방법은 다양한 구강 내 합병증을 동반한다. 성인과 달리 소아 환자는 항암치료 시기에 일부 영구치가 활발한 발육단계에 있으므로 발육중인 치아에 치과적 합병증이 예상된다. 치과적 합병증의 정도는 화학약물의 종류, 용량 및 방사선 조사 빈도와 치료 당시 환자의 나이에 따라 달라진다. 본 증례들에서는 특정 영구치의 발육단계에 있는 만 1-4세경에 종양의 치료를 위해 항암 화학 요법과 방사선 치료를 받은 어린이 3명을 대상으로 치료 내용과 치아 발육 상황을 검토해 보았다. 이환된 치아의 수나 그 정도에 차이는 있으나, 각각의 환자에서 영구치 치배의 선천 결손, 왜소치, 치근 저형성 등 발육장애 관련 소견이 관찰되었다. 항암치료를 받은 병력이 있는 소아에 있어서 항암치료 이후에 나타날 수 있는 일반적인 구강 합병증 이외에 발육시기 동안 치아에 미치는 영향을 고려하여, 공간 문제를 포함하여 향후 발생 할 수 있는 다앙한 문제점 예방을 위한 장기적인 관찰과 관리가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.418-426
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• 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is one of the promising anticancer treatments. It shows a high overall response rate with complete response to blood cancer. However, there is a limitation to solid tumor treatment. Additionally, this currently approved therapy exhibits side effects such as cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity. Alternatively, bispecific antibody is an innovative therapeutic tool that simultaneously engages specific immune cells to disease-related target cells. Since programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule highly expressed in some cancer cells, in the current study, we generated αCD3xαPD-L1 bispecific antibody (BiTE) which can engage T cells to PD-L1⁺ cancer cells. We observed that the BiTE-bound OT-1 T cells effectively killed cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. They substantially increased the recruitment of effector memory CD8⁺ T cells having CD8⁺CD44⁺CD62L^low phenotype in tumor. Interestingly, we also observed that BiTE-bound polyclonal T cells showed highly efficacious tumor killing activity in vivo in comparison with the direct intravenous treatment of bispecific antibody, suggesting that PD-L1-directed migration and engagement of activated T cells might increase cancer cell killing. Additionally, BiTE-bound CAR-T cells which targets human Her-2/neu exhibited enhanced killing effect on Her-2-expressing cancer cells in vivo, suggesting that this could be a novel therapeutic regimen. Collectively, our results suggested that engaging activated T cells with cancer cells using αCD3xαPD-L1 BiTE could be an innovative next generation anticancer therapy which exerts simultaneous inhibitory functions on PD-L1 as well as increasing the infiltration of activated T cells having effector memory phenotype in tumor site.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2011

Backgrounds: Multidisciplinary approaches including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are currently being performed to target various cancers in Western Medicine. However, some cancers still remain difficult to battle, which has long attracted many scientists for the discovery of new agents to fight cancers. Ginseng is one of the herbs used in Oriental Medicine including Korea, China and Japan. We have further investigated ginseng for its anticancer effect. Objective: This is a comprehensive review summary of anticancer effect of ginseng and ginsenoids as a possible agent for future cancer treatment. Methods: Data were retrieved from two web sites; www.pubmed.com and www.riss.kr, and authorized texts concerning anticancer effects of ginseng. From collected data, information on anticancer effect of ginseng was thoroughly sorted, restructured, then assessed. Results: Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer belongs to Araliaceae Panax family, a perennial prairie plant with its root known as Ginseng Radix. Ginseng induces anticancer effect through cell cycle arrest, acceleration of apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, and suppression of metastasis. Anticancer effect of ginseng may be due to single compound or multi-compound actions. Many studies report involvement of immune mechanisms of cytokines, Natural Killer (NK) cells, macrophages and some antibodies in enhancing anticancer effect of ginseng. In near future, possibility of applying these mechanisms into clinical trials is convinced. There were some important findings on saponin in ginsenoids in reviewing for this article; First, eradication of metastatic tumors were influenced by macrophage activation. Second, suppression of malignant melanoma cell metastasis to lung were induced by macrophage and NK cell activation in spleen with red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP). Third, final metabolites of M1, M4 had exerted anticancer effect of ginseng. Conclusion: Unknown anticancer mechanisms of ginseng have been studied for many years up until now. Ginseng is comprised of multiple bio-chemical compounds that create complex pharmaceutical interactions. Therefore, for its proper usage and safe prescription, studies on different types of ginseng and patients' susceptibility to ginseng according to their constitution and stages of the disease should be further pursued. More efforts are needed to understand the anticancer mechanisms of ginseng as well.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.963-963
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• 2005

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.266-275
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• 2024

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare subpopulation of cancer cells that exhibit stem cell-like characteristics, including self-renewal and differentiation in a multi-stage lineage state via symmetric or asymmetric division, causing tumor initiation, heterogeneity, progression, and recurrence and posing a major challenge to current anticancer therapy. Despite the importance of CSCs in carcinogenesis and cancer progression, currently available anticancer therapeutics have limitations for eradicating CSCs. Moreover, the efficacy and therapeutic windows of currently available anti-CSC agents are limited, suggesting the necessity to optimize and develop a novel anticancer agent targeting CSCs. Ginseng has been traditionally used for enhancing immunity and relieving fatigue. As ginseng's long history of use has demonstrated its safety, it has gained attention for its potential pharmacological properties, including anticancer effects. Several studies have identified the bioactive principles of ginseng, such as ginseng saponin (ginsenosides) and non-saponin compounds (e.g., polysaccharides, polyacetylenes, and phenolic compounds), and their pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antifatigue, and neuroprotective effects. Notably, recent reports have shown the potential of ginseng-derived compounds as anti-CSC agents. This review investigates the biology of CSCs and efforts to utilize ginseng-derived components for cancer treatment targeting CSCs, highlighting their role in overcoming current therapeutic limitations.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.849-856
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• 2023

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate, propionate, and acetate produced by the gut microbiota have been implicated in physiological responses (defense mechanisms, immune responses, and cell metabolism) in the human body. In several types of cancers, SCFAs, especially butyrate, suppress tumor growth and cancer cell metastasis via the regulation of the cell cycle, autophagy, cancer-related signaling pathways, and cancer cell metabolism. In addition, combination treatment with SCFAs and anticancer drugs exhibits synergistic effects, increasing anticancer treatment efficiency and attenuating anticancer drug resistance. Therefore, in this review, we point out the importance of SCFAs and the mechanisms underlying their effects in cancer treatment and suggest using SCFA-producing microbes and SCFAs to increase therapeutic efficacy in several types of cancers.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.948-954
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• 1992

In spite of recent progress in anticancer chemotherapy, the survival of patients with metastases to the lung treated nonsurgically has been extremely poor. So we adopted more aggressive surgical approaches for the treatment of patients with pulmonary metastases since 1985. We experienced 22 operations of metastatic lung cancer in 19 patients in the department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery in Kosin Medical College since 1985, so we reviewed the results of treatment retrospectively. The results were as follows: 1. The primary organs of metastatic lung cancer were 4 cases in each of the breast, uterus, and extremities, 3 cases in the rectum, 2 cases in the kidney, 1 case in each of the pelvis and liver, and the pathological findings were 13 cases in carcinoma and 6 cases in sarcoma. 2. The treatments for primary lesions were 15 cases of the operations with anticancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy, 2 cases of choriocarcinoma with anticancer chemotherapy only, 1 cases of uterine cervical carcinoma with chemo-radiation therapy, and 1 case of pelvic synovia sarcoma with intra-arterial anticancer chemotherapy. 3. Disease free intrerval were as follows: 7 cases were in 2 years to 4 years, 4 cases were in 1 year to 2 years, and 5 cases were beyond one year, of them one case was discovered primary lesion and metastatic lung tumor concomittently. 3 cases were above 4 years, of them one case of breast cancer were above 13 years especially. 4. The sites of metastatic lung cancer was 15 lesions in the right lung, and 9 lesions in the left lung, And the lobar sites were 10 lesions in the upper lobe, 2 lesions in the middle lobe, and 12 lesions in the lower lobe. 5. The operative methods of metastatic lung cancer were 7 case of partial resection of lung, 12 cases of pulmonary lobectomy, 1 case of pneumonectomy and 1 case of dissection of mediastinal lymph node. 6. The postoperative complications were 1 case of mild respiratory insufficency, 1 cases of pyothorax, and 1 case of urethral stricture. 7. Postoperative adjuvant therapy were as follows: No adjuvant therapy were 4 cases, anti-cancer chemotherapy were 8 cases, radiation therapy was 1 case, and combined with chemo k radiation therapy were 8 cases. 8. The results of long term follow-up were as follows: The 5 patients were died at 2 months, 22 months, 24 months, 32 months, and 49 months postoperatively, so mean survival period was 32 months postoperatively excluding one patient who was died at 2 months postoperatively. And 14 patients are aliving, of them 3 patients are living in recurred state, and the other 11 patients are living without any evidence of recurrence.