• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.79-87
• /
• 2022

Since ancient times, plants have been a major source of novel drug molecules and have been used in the treatment of different infectious diseases. Secondary plant metabolites have miraculous healing properties and show potent therapeutic responses when used in combination drug therapy. The prime objective of this review is to summarize the concept of drug combination with special emphasis on the synergistic interactions between plant-derived bioactive phytochemicals with commercially available antimicrobial agents. The study also assesses the roles, importance, and applicability of phytochemicals in the management of different diseases. The review focuses on different aspects of combined antimicrobial activities, the possible mechanisms involved, and the current status of research in the field. The study was conducted based on an extensive literature survey that resulted in the following hypothesis: secondary metabolites derived from plants possess remarkable therapeutic activities. The study was designed as a systematic review that ensures unbiased and accurate representations of the relevant data and information. Jadad scale selection criteria were used for qualitative analysis of the articles to assess them based on the relevant secure score (minimum and maximum scores range between 1 and 5, respectively). Articles with secure scores > 3 were considered for the study. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted using resource databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Bielefeld Academic Search Engine, Research Gate, Scopus, Medline, and Science Direct up to June 2019. This article contains concise information about the most commonly used bioactive phytochemicals with potent antifungal and antibacterial effects.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.120-126
• /
• 1988

HPLC analysis of three Prunus species, Armeniacae Semen. Persicae Semen, and Mume Semen, showed that 24. 06 mg/g, 5. 79 mg/g and 3/ 10 mg/g of amygdalin in the MeOH extract and 3. 59 mg/g, 5. 41 mg/g and 13. 48 mg/g of benzaldehyde in the MeOH extract hydrolyzed with ${\beta}-glucosidase$ were contained respectively. The MeOH extract of Mume Semen showed strong antibacterial activities against two species of bacteria (E. coli and B. subtilis) while that of Armeniacae Semen showed mild, and that of Persicae Semen showed no effect. Against A. niger, a strong antifungal activity was observed with Armeniacae Semen and only mild activities with Persicae Semen and Mume Semen. None oh the three inhibited the growth of S. cervisiae. The above results may possibly be suggestive of the correlationships between the contents of amygdalin and benzaldehyde in the test extracts with the antimicrobial potencies.

• 셀메드
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.16.1-16.2
• /
• 2017

Doronicum Hookeri of family Asteraceae is an important medicinal drug distributed in Himalayas at Lachen and Tungu, Sikkim, Nepal, Bhutan, Tibet between 12,000 to 14,000 ft. Its roots are widely used as folk medicine and are commonly known as "Darunaj-aqrabi" in Unani and as "Leopard's bane" in English. Roots are traditionally used as a constituent of, act as a stomachic and dissolves trapped gases. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of D. hookeri roots have been previously reported. The methanolic extract of root part possessed higher phenolic content and thus higher free radical scavenging and reducing activities. The methanolic extract of this plant showed scavenging and antioxidant activities in DPPH (2,2- diphenyl-1-picryhydrazy) radical scavenging assay.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.77-119
• /
• 2013

The genus Patrinia, belonging to the Valerianaceae family, includes ca. 20 species of herbaceous plants with yellow or white flowers, distributed in Korea, China, Siberia, and Japan. Among them, P. scabiosaefolia (yellow Patrinia), P. saniculaefolia, P. villosa (white Patrinia), and P. rupestris are found in Korea. Several members of this genus have long been used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, wound healing, ascetics, and abdominal pain after childbirth. Thus far, ca. 217 constituents, namely flavonoids, iridoids, triterpenes, saponins, and others have been identified in this genus. Crude extract and isolated compounds have been found to exhibit anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, cytotoxic activities, lending support to the rationale behind several of its traditional uses. The present review compiles information concerning the phytochemistry and biological activities of Patrinia, with particular emphasis on P. villosa, as studied by our research group.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.59-62
• /
• 2001

The dried fruit-body of Daedaleopsis tricolor was extracted by the petroleum ether. The extracts were purified by liquid-liquid extraction, column chromatography, and recrystallization. The purified compound was a colorless orthorhombic crystal form. Its melting point, molecular weight and molar extinction coefficient $(\varepsilon)$ were estimated $168-170^{\circ}C$, 424 and 3,935 at 208 nm, respectively. Its structure was elucidated to be 20(29)-lupen-3-one by UV-Vis, FT-IR, NMR and X-ray crystallographic analysis. It showed antifungal activities against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Microsporum gypseum, and antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas pyocyanea, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, this compound showed an antioxidative activity on lipid-peroxidation by 6.4%.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2023

Wound care has become increasingly important over the years. Various synthetic products for wound care treatment have been reported to cause toxic side effects and therefore natural products are in significant demand as they have minimal side effects. The presence of bioactive compounds in medicinal mushrooms contributes to various biological activities which assist in the early inflammatory phase, keratinocyte proliferation, and its migration enhancement which are pertinent to wound rehabilitation. Lignosus rhinocerus (tiger milk mushroom) can reduce the inflammation phase in wound healing by fighting off bacterial infection and modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in the early stage to avoid prolonged inflammation and tissue damage. The antibacterial, immunomodulating, and anti-inflammatory activities exhibited by most macrofungi play a key role in enhancing wound healing. Several antibacterial and antifungal compounds sourced from traditional botanicals/-products may prevent further complications and reoccurrence of injury to a wounded site. Scientific studies are actively underway to ascertain the potential use of macrofungi as a wound healing agent.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 2008

해수클로렐라 (Chlorella elliposidea C020) 에탄올 추출물로부터 항균 및 항곰팡이 활성, 항산화활성, tyrosinase inhibitory 활성 (미백효과)과 용혈활성을 실험하였다. 효율적인 추출을 위해서 동결건조 후 95% 에탄올로 2시간 추출하는 것이 가장 좋다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 해수클로렐라 에탄올 추출물의 항균 및 항곰팡이에 대한 활성을 측정한 결과, B. subtilis PM125와 B. licheniformis, V. parahemolyticus와 E. tarda NUF251에서 활성을 나타내었다. 그러나, 곰팡이인 C. albicanse에 대하여서는 활성을 나타내지 않았으며, 인간의 적혈구로 용혈활성 실험한 결과, 아주 낮은 활성을 나타내었다. DPPH방법을 이용하여 항산화 능력을 측정한 결과, 2 mg/mL에서 75% 라디칼 소거능력을 나타내었다. 해수클로렐라 에탄올 추출물의 tyrosinase 저해활성 $IC_{50}$는 10.87 mg/mL로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 해수클로렐라 에탄올 추출물로부터 다양한 생리활성물질을 개발하여 고부가가치 제품을 창출할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 청정기술
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 2007

옻은 전통적으로 옻칠로서 사용되었으며, 최근 많은 연구를 통하여 과학적으로 그 내구성, 항균성들이 밝혀졌기 때문에 본 연구진은 옻이 최근 대두되고 있는 친환경적 방오도료의 문제를 해결할 수 있을 것으로 예상하고 있다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 옻의 주성분인 urushiol을 화학적으로 합성하고, 그 유도체들과 함께 어느 정도의 항균효과가 있는지 알아보았다. 그 결과, 본 연구진은 합성된 urushiol이 뛰어난 항진균효과를 가짐을 알 수 있었고, 항균효과 측면에서는 그람양성균에는 좋은 효과를 보인 반면 그람음성균에서는 큰 효과를 보이지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 urushiol과 그 유도체들의 항균력은 균주에 따라 서로 다른 특이적 항균성을 보이는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.70-73
• /
• 2008

The antibacterial and antifungal activities of three schiff bases were evaluated against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Parallel experiments were also carried out with standard drugs (Kanamycin for bacteria and Nystatin for fungi). Two compounds [N-(1-phenyl-2-hydroxy-2phenylethylidine)-2',4' dinitrophenyl hydrazine, abbreviated as PDH and N-(2-hydroxy benzylidine)-2'-hydroxy imine, abbreviated as HHP] showed significant antimicrobial activities. The rest one [N-(l-phenyl 2-hydroxy-2 phenyl ethylidine) 2'-hydroxy phenyl imine, abbreviated as PHP] showed moderate activity. All these three compounds were found to possess pronounced cytotoxic effect. These compounds can be considered as potent antimicrobial agents.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 1989

Cotton xanthate, which was obtained by treating cotton with carbon disulfide in alkaline solution, was treated with the solution of polyvalent metal ions to produce cotton xanthate-metal chelates. This chelation reaction was readily and simply achieved, and antimicrobial agents with suitable structures could subsequently be coupled to the chelate with ease at moderate pH values and in aqueous solution. Metal ions used in present work include Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III). Tetracycline, streptomycin, neomycin and pyrithion were used as antimicrobial/antifungal agents. Antibacterial activities were measured employing ditch plate method against G(+) Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococus faecalis, and G(-) Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, and the fungus, Aspergillus niger. All the cotton xanthate-metal-antimicrobial agent chelates exhibited activities whereas the cotton xanthate-metal chelates themselves were inactive. Considering the extensive washing procedures and results from control experiments, possibility of the involvement of physical adsorption for the binding of drugs could be excluded.