• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.757-764
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• 2015

The immature fruit of Rubus coreanus Miquel (bokbunja in Korean) is mainly consumed as a fruit wine due to its sour taste and low sugar content. The lees (LBW) remaining after the production of bokbunja wine are discarded as they have no specific usage. The aim of this study was to develop high-value-added biomaterials for functional foods and beauty/health products by investigating the anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-thrombosis activities of LBW using ethanol and hot water extracts and their subsequent organic solvent fractions. The ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of LBW extracts has a high polyphenol content (413–459 mg/g), and showed strong anti-microbial activity against gram-positive bacteria. The EA fraction also showed excellent radical-scavenging activity against DPPH anion, ABTS cation, and nitrite, with strong reducing power. The polyphenol-enriched EA fraction strongly inhibited thrombin, prothrombin, and blood coagulation factors. The butanol fraction showed a specific inhibition of coagulation factors, as measured in activated partial thromboplastin time assay, which is linked to intrinsic blood coagulation. The butanol fraction also showed strong inhibition of platelet aggregation, at levels comparable to aspirin. The residue of the hot-water extract, which is produced by sequential solvent fractionation of the LBW extract, showed superior inhibition against platelet aggregation when compared to aspirin. Our results suggest that the LBW, which are currently discarded, are a promising source of novel functional foods and beauty/health products.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.85-87
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• 2010

Recently, the prevalence of bladder cancer is increasing in the Korean society. As the risk factors of bladder carcinoma are variable, the early-stage diagnosis is regarded the best preventive practice. Hematuria is a specific sign of the malignancy as well as a kind of various medication-related adverse reactions. Some anti-coagulation therapy can cause bleedings including hematuria to the patients with cardiovascular diseases such as paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Therefore, to the clinical pharmacists working in the anti-coagulation services (ACS), a closer monitoring of patients can give an opportunity to find certain ailments unexpectedly. In this case, a patient with PAF had episodes of sporadic hematuria in the course of warfarin therapy even though with its low levels of INR. An ACS pharmacist found a discrepancy between the bleeding symptoms and INR values, and recommended properly the patient to refer urologist. Fortunately, an early-stage of bladder carcinoma was found then followed by an excision performed to the lesion. Therefore, alert-minded and precise monitoring done by ACS pharmacist could optimize the therapeutic outcomes as well as increase the quality of life of the patient.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.372-376
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• 2018

To investigate the bio-activities of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner), ethanol extracts were prepared from different parts of lotus, including lotus root, node of root (NR), leaf, pod of seed (PS), seed (S), and embryo of seed (ES), respectively. Anti-thrombosis activities were evaluated. NR, S, and PS extracts displayed strong anti-coagulation activities, as evidenced by the inhibition of thrombin, prothrombin, and coagulation factors, respectively. NR, leaf, S, and PS extracts displayed strong platelet aggregation inhibitory activities. The aggregation inhibition of S and PS extract was comparable to that of aspirin. The extracts of NR, S, and PS did not show hemolysis activity up to 1.0 mg/ml.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.509-513
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• 2004

Inhibitory activities of 58 methanol extracts, which were prepared from different parts of 55 kinds of edible and medicinal plants, against human thrombin were evaluated. Analysis of the anti-coagulation activity determined by thrombin time enabled us to select 8 herb extracts as possible sources of anti-thrombosis agent. Further analysis of anti-thrombosis activity determined by activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinolytic activity, and heat stability and inhibition against other proteolytic digestive enzymes provided new information that Pimpinella brachycarpa, Lysimachia clethroides, and Salix gracilistyla could be used as a potential anti-thrombosis agent. Our results suggest that edible and medicinal plants could be the potential source of thrombin inhibitor.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.258-266
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• 2014

Sweet potato soju (SPS), a form of traditional distilled alcoholic liquor in Korea, is manufactured by the distillation of fermented broth under normal pressure, thus providing it for a uniquely smooth taste infused with the flavor of sweet potato. After distillation, the lees of SPS is produced as by-product and discarded. In this study, the ethanol and hot water extracts of lees of SPS, and their subsequent organic solvent fractions using hexane, ethylacetate (EA), butanol, and water residue were prepared in an effort at the efficient re-use of the lees of SPS. The ethanol extraction yield was 1.36-fold higher than that of the hot water extraction, and the EA fraction revealed the highest total polyphenol content among the solvent fractions. The various extracts and solvent fractions did not demonstrate hemolytic activity at up to 0.5 mg/ml concentrations against human red blood cells. In the bioactivity assay, only the EA fraction displayed a broad spectrum of anti-microbial activity against different pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria, and demonstrated significant anti-coagulation activity by inhibitions of thrombin, prothrombin and blood coagulation factors. Furthermore, only the EA fraction from the hot water extract of the lees of SPS showed anti-platelet aggregation activity, which is comparable to aspirin (a commercially available drug). Our results suggest that the EA fraction of the hot water extract prepared from the lees of SPS has a high potential as a novel resource for anti-microbial and anti-thrombosis agents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5589-5594
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• 2015

Cystitis and proctitis are defined as inflammation of bladder and rectum respectively. Haemorrhagic cystitis is the most severe clinical manifestation of radiation and chemical cystitis. Radiation proctitis and cystitis are major complications following radiotherapy. Prevention of radiation-induced haemorrhagic cystitis has been investigated using various oral agents with minimal benefit. Bladder irrigation remains the most frequently adopted modality followed by intra-vesical instillation of alum or formalin. In intractable cases, surgical intervention is required in the form of diversion ureterostomy or cystectomy. Proctitis is more common in even low dose ranges but is self-limiting and improves on treatment interruption. However, treatment of radiation proctitis is broadly non-invasive or invasive. Non-invasive treatment consists of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anti-oxidants, sucralfate, short chain fatty acids and hyperbaric oxygen. Invasive treatment consists of ablative procedures like formalin application, endoscopic YAG laser coagulation or argon plasma coagulation and surgery as a last resort.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2004

We investigated the effects of plant vinegar on platelets and blood coagulation system. Plant vinegar inhibited in vitro platelet aggregation in a concentration dependent manner, when platelets were activated by thrombin and collagen. In addition, plant vinegar showed inhibitory effects on the serotonin secretion induced by thrombin in a concentration dependent manner. However, treatment with plant vinegar to platelets did not induce any cytotoxicity, as determined by the release of lactate dehydrogenase. Plant vinegar did not change the coagulation parameters such as activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) using rat citrated plasma. In vivo study revealed that, treatment with plant vinegar prolonged the bleeding time from mouse tail. All these results suggest that plant vinegar might improve blood hemostasis mediated via anti platelet activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.189-189
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• 1998

Tissue factor (TF) is a cell surface receptor of coagulation factor Ⅶ and is the principal initiator of the vertebrate coagulation cascade. TF is found in high levels in some organs such as brain, lung and placenta, whereas blood monocytes, endothelial cells contain only trivial amount of TF when quiescent, and is stimulated to synthesize TF by infections or vascular lesions. TF is reported to be found in high levels in atherosclerotic plaques, cancer cells. TF activation in various cells in many infectious or immunologic diseases tells us the physiologic importance of TF. We screened many edible vegetables for TF inhibitor, by measuring the prothrombin time to detect the TF activity, and we picked Aster scaber to isolate the TF inhibitory substance. Aster scaber showed two kinds of anti thrombotic activity, one is TF inhibition and the other is elongation of plasma recalcification time. The anti thrombotic substances were found to be saponins which has echinocystic acid as aglycone.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.271.3-272
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• 2003

Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) is a widely used herbal plant with various biological properties. Our previous study using in vitro platelet aggregation in whole blood showed that the fractions of RVS had strong anti-aggregatory activity. In this study, using in vitro platelet aggregation in PRP and coagulation parameters, to investigate the anti-platelet activity and anticagulant effects of RVS ethyl acetate layer, the layer was subsequently fractionated by ODS columm chromatograph (50％ MeOH). (omitted)

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.417-421
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• 2014

Sphagnum palustre (SP), a species of moss belong to the Sphagnaceae family, is used as a dwarfed potted plant, in diapers, bandages, and soil additives. Although, SP can be found all over the world and is very cheap, the study of SP components and bioactivities are still at a rudimentary stage. In this study, the hot-water extract of SP (HWSP) and its subsequent organic solvent fractions were prepared, and their in-vitro anti-thrombosis activities were evaluated. The results showed that the water residue of HWSP has a strong anti-coagulation activity with significant extensions of thrombin time, and platelet aggregation activity. Our results suggest that the SP has the potential to be a novel resource for anti-thrombosis agents. This report provides the first evidence of the anti-thrombosis activity of SP.