• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.257-264
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• 2018

Anti-graffiti coatings have become more important. These layers must guarantee excellent corrosion protection properties, and graffiti must be easily removable, without reducing protection and aesthetic properties. In this study, anti-graffiti and corrosion behavior of two anti-graffiti polyurethane powder coatings were studied. These layers were deposited on aluminum substrate, with two different surface finishes, smooth, and wrinkled. The action of four different removers are investigated. Graffiti were drawn on coatings by means of red acrylic spray paint. Methyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK) and a "commercial" remover were the most effective solvents, in terms of graffiti removal capability, producing limited change in aesthetical surface aspect for smooth finishing. The wrinkled surface was less resistant. Corrosion protection properties, after removal action and contact with the remover, were evaluate by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. After approximately 5 hours, coatings were no longer protective due to formation of defects. To simulate the weathering effect, UV-B cyclic test (4 hours of UV exposure followed by 4 hours of saturated humidity at $50^{\circ}C$) were performed for 2000 hours. Gloss and color changes were measured, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed after aging and graffiti removal.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2008

Wood vinegar is well known as a softening agent affecting on the stratum corneum that is easy to penetrate into the skin. In this study, we prepared mixed ursolic acid hydrogel with wood vinegar(1, 2, 5%) as a penetration enhancer. The accumulation of ursolic acid in the skin from hydrogels was evaluated in vitro hairless mouse skin and skin moisturizing effect of them was evaluated using the corneometer and the tewermeter. And the role of stratum corneum as a protective barrier was evaluated as well. The hydrogels were retained about 40% of water retention capacity 2hrs and had better effect on the stripped skin than full-thickness skin. The accumulation of ursolic acid through stripped skin from hydrogels with wood vinegar was not change compared to normal skin, which indicated the action site of wood vinegar and the accumulation site of ursolic acid would be stratum corneum. From these result, we could find wood vinegar seems to be a good enhancer for active materials with anti-wrinkle and anti aging effect such as ursolic acid, and can be a developed topical delivery system maintaining excellent water retention capacity.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.467-471
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the antioxidative and antiaging activity of Perilla frutescens using LLC-$PK_1$ porcine renal epithelial cell and WI-38 human diploid fibroblast cell. The extract from Perilla frutescens showed strong protective effect against nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide ($O_2{^-}$)-induced oxidative stress generated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and pyrogallol, respectively. The result showed that P. frutescens increased the cell viability and showed scavenging activity of NO and $O_2{^-}$. In addition, the extract of P. frutescens exerted the protective effect against peroxynitrite ($ONOO^-$) induced by 3-morpholinosydnonimine. It suggests that P. frutescens would have the protective role against $ONOO^-$ itself and its precursors, NO and $O_2{^-}$. Furthermore, the aging model of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-treated WI-38 human diploid fibroblast was employed to investigate the anti-aging effect of P. frutescens. $H_2O_2$-treated WI-38 cells showed the loss of cell viability, however before-treatment with P. frutescens to WI-38 cells under premature senescence could delay the cellular aging process. The present study suggests the antioxidative and antiaging potential against free radical-induced oxidative damage of P. frutescens.

• CELLMED
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.2.1-2.4
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• 2019

With the improvement of economic status and the desire for beauty, the interest in health and skin care is increasing. For these demands, since ages medicinal plants are in vogue. A variety of plants, cosmetics and foods with novel bioactive ingredients for skin care and beauty are under constant research and development. Skin is influenced by various factors such as Ultra-violet rays, stress, hormones and aging which together lead skin to lose elasticity, changes in pigmentation and wrinkle formation. Many medicinal plants have proven effects in skin care and beauty treatment. From this list of medicinal plants, one which is famous for its beauty, flavor and fragrance is Rosa damascene. Rosa damascene has many therapeutic action and postulated pharmacological studies such as anti-arthritic, anti-microbial, cardio protective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, immune-modulator, gastro-protective, and skin ameliorative effect. Research in the field of Cosmetology has proven the effect of Rosa damascene in rehydrating skin, reducing scars and stretches, acne management, lowering skin pigmentation, delaying wrinkling and is recommended as a skin vitalizing agent. In this review, the morphology, chemical constituents, and some pharmacological activity are discussed.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.32 no.3 s.58
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• pp.129-134
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• 2006

In this study, we examined the effects of antioxidant, lipid peroxidation inhibition and suppression of UVA-induced MMP-1 expression in human dermal fibroblasts. Ligularia fischeri extract showed free radical scavenging effect by 82.3% at 5 mg/mL and superoxide radical scavenging effect by 79.3% at 5 mg/mL in the kanthine/xanthine oxidase system, respectively. At the concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$, L. fischeri extract showed 97% inhibition on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid. UVA induced MMP expression in human dermal fibroblasts was reduced 35% by treatment with $100{\mu}g/mL$ of L. fischeri extract. These results suggest that L. fischeri extract can be used for an anti-aging agent by antioxidation, lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing UVA-induced MMP-1 production.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.577-583
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate the effect of silk fibroin (Mw 500)power (SFP) on oxygen radicals and their scavenger enzymes in liver membranes of rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats (160$\pm$10 g) were fed basic diet (control group), and experimental diets (SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups) added 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. Hydroxyl radical (.OH) levels resulted in a considerable decreases (5.8% and 8.4%, 3.7% and 11.1%, respectively) in liver motochondria and micorsomes of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group, and $O_2$radical level was remarkably decreased about 15% and 20% in liver cytosol of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group. Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were significantly decreased (8.3% and 18.0%, 13.4% and 18.4%, respectively) in liver mitochondria and microsomes of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group. Oxidized protein (OP) levels were remarkably decreased about 11.6% in liver mitochondria of SFP-5.0 group compared with control group. Mn-SOD activities were remarkably in creased (17.6% and 28.8%, respectively) in mitochondria of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups, and Cu/Zn-SOD activities were also effectively in creased (about 14.4%) in liver cytosol of SFP-5.0 groups, but significant difference between GSHPx activity in liver cytosol of these two groups could be not obtained. These results suggest that anti-aging effect of silk fibroin may play an effective anti-aging role in a aattenuating a oxidative stress and increasing a scavenger enzyme activity in liver membranes.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2004

As a novel anti-wrinkle agent, 3,9-diferuloyl-6-oxopterocarpen (Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$) has been synthesized and its anti-aging effects have been investigated. In the present study, to investigate the relationship between aging and Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$, we examined its effect on scavenging activities of radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), in vitro inhibition activity of matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) and expression of UVA-induced MMPs in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ was found to show activities of scavenging radicals and ROS with the $IC_{50}$/ values of 0.2 mM and 0.95 mM against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and superoxide radicals, respectively, in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. Fluorometric assays for the proteolytic activities of MMP-l (collagenase) were performed using fluorescent collagen substrates. Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ inhibited the activities of MMP-l in a dose-dependent manner and the $IC_{50}$/ values calculated from semi-log plots were 0.025 mM. Also, UVA induced MMP-1 expression was reduced 85％ by treatment with Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ at 0.8 uM, which was reduced dose-dependent manner. The results of clinical study showed that 4.8 mM Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ treated group reduced wrinkle significantly compared with placebo treated group (P 〈 0.05). Taken together, these result suggest that Tensolin-F$^{(R)}$ act as an anti-wrinkle agent by taking effects to antioxidation and reducing UVA-induced MMP-l production.-l production.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.32 no.4 s.59
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• pp.227-231
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• 2006

Wrinkle formation is mainly attributed to the environmental factors such as UV rays, air pollution, smoking and stress etc. Especially, UV rays induce premature skin aging which is characterized by deep wrinkle, leathery dryness etc. Recently, researches on the wrinkle formation and its prevention have been the main theme in cosmetics fields. We have studied the various plant extracts having anti-wrinkle effects and finally showed that Noni (Morinda citrifolia) extracts have the efficacy of promoting the type I collagen synthesis in normal human fibroblast, using PICP assay. We purified one active compound from Noni extracts and identified its structure. It was identified as 6,7-Dimethoxy-2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one; scopoletin by $^1H-NMR,\;^{13}C-NMR,$ IR, Mass analysis. Scopoletin increased collagen synthesis in a dose dependent manner (89.5% at $0.2{\mu}g/mL$). In order to verify the anti-aging effectiveness of the cream containing 3% noni extracsts, we performed the in vivo test with some female volunteers for 12 weeks. It reduced the signs of aging, especially face wrinkles. From these results, we conclude that the noni extracts could be used as an useful anti-wrinkle agent.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.287-294
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• 2007

Effect of combined use of anti-microbial materials, such as ethanol, mustard and chitosan, on the quality of low salted kochujang was investigated during fermentation at $20^{\circ}C$ for 12 weeks. Viable cells of yeast increased remarkably during fermentation, but increasing ratio was significantly low in ethanol-mustard added kochujang. Activity of ${\beta}-amylase$ was high in anti-microbial material added kochujang, whereas ${\alpha}-amylase$ and protease activities were low in those groups. Water activity decreased during fermentation with being low in the control kochujang prepared with normal-salt without anti-microbial materials. Hunter L-, a- and b-values of kochujang increased during fermentation, and the degree of increase in total color difference $({\Delta}E)$ was low in ethanol added kochujang. Titratable acidity of kochujang was decreased in anti-microbial materials added group at late aging period, and oxidation-reduction potential was low in the control kochujang. Total sugar and reducing sugar contents of kochujang were high in ethanol-mustard added kochujang. Ethanol contents of kochujang increased at late aging period, with high values in ethanol-chitosan added kochujang. Amino nitrogen content increased during middle of fermentation, and ammonia nitrogen content of kochujang decreased in ethanol-mustard-chitosan added group during fermentation. After 12 weeks fermentation, sensory results showed that ethanol or ethanol-mustard added kochujang were the highest in color and flavor with the highest overall acceptability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the effect of kimchi intake on antiaging characteristics in liver of senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM) in terms of free radical production and anti-oxidative enzyme activities. Two hundred twenty SAM were divided into four groups and fed kimchi diet for 12 months. Experimental groups were kimchi free AIN-76 diet (control) group, Korean cabbage kimchi diet (KCK) group, mustard leaf added (30%) Korean cabbage kimchi diet (MKCK) group, and mustard leaf kimchi diet (MLK) group. Amount of freez-dried kimchi added to the diet was 5% that is equivalent to 50 g of fresh kimchi. Concentrations of total free radical, OH radical, $H_2O$$_2$in the liver significantly increased as aged (p<0.05). But those free radical concentrations from kimchi diet groups were lower than those of control (p<0.05). Among kimchi groups, MKCK and MLK groues showed greater inhibiting effect than KCK. Antioxidant enzyme activities of Cu, Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, GSH-px, catalase and GSH/GSSG in kimchi groups were significantly increased (P