• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2014

유근피(Cortex ulmi pumilae)는 항산화, 항염증, 항균, 항암 등 다양한 생리활성이 보고되어 있으며, 뛰어난 소염효과로 예로부터 약재로 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 3T3-L1 지방전구세포를 이용하여 유근피 추출물의 지방세포 분화에 미치는 영향과 그 기전을 검토하였다. 유근피 추출물을 분화유도제와 동시에 처리한 결과, 3T3-L1 지방전구세포의 세포질 내 triglyceride 생성을 농도의존적으로 감소시켰으며, 지방세포분화 관련 전사인자인 $C/EBP{\alpha}$, $C/EBP{\beta}$ 및 $PPAR{\gamma}$의 발현을 유의적으로 저하시켰다. 다음으로 유근피 추출물을 지방세포 분화 유도 단계별로 처리한 결과, 분화유도제와 동시에 처리한 경우 즉 분화 초기에 처리한 경우가 가장 효과적인 지방세포 분화 억제효능을 보였으며, 이 때 분화초기에 발현되는 $C/EBP{\beta}$의 발현량은 현저하게 감소되었다. 또한 유근피 추출물에 의해 mitotic clonal expansion 단계의 세포증식이 농도의존적으로 억제되는 것을 확인하였으며, 세포주기분석을 통해 G1 arrest를 유발함으로써 증식이 억제 된다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, G1 arrest는 G1/S 전이 관련 단백질인 p21의 발현 증가, cyclin E의 발현 감소 및 Rb의 인산화 감소에 의한 것임을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구결과들로부터 유근피 추출물은 지방세포 분화 초기 단계에 작용하여 지방세포 분화 관련 전사인자의 발현을 억제하고 mitotic clonal expansion을 저해하여, 지방전구세포의 지방세포로의 분화를 억제하는 항비만 효능을 가지는 천연소재임을 확인하였으며, 따라서 본 연구는 향후 이를 활용한 지속적인 연구를 위한 기초자료로 그 가치가 매우 높을 것이라 생각된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1292-1298
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of Ligularia stenocephala (L. stenocephala) extract. The contents of the total polyphenol of the extract was 55.950 mg GAE/g residue. Antioxidant activities of L. stenocephala were evaluated by free radical scavenging ability and a reducing power test. 2,2'azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ${\alpha}$-${\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities of the extract were approximately 90% and 70%, respectively. Reducing power of the extract was 258.833 mg TE/g residue. The anti-adipogenic activity of L. stenocephala extract was examined in 3T3-L1 cells. During adipocyte differentiation, the 3T3-L1 cells were treated both with and without the extract. L. stenocephala extract suppressed the lipid accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner in the 3T3-L1 cells. The L. stenocephala extract inhibited the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ${\gamma}$ ($PPAR{\gamma}$) and adipocyte protein 2 (aP2) proteins, compared with control adipocytes. These results indicate that L. stenocephala could be regarded as a potential source natural antioxidant and an anti-obesity agent.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.323-331
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• 2019

흰목이버섯(Tremella fuciformis Berk.; TF)은 흰목이과에 속하는 버섯으로 한국, 중국 및 열대지방에 분포한다. 흰목이버섯은 아시아 전통 의학에서 고혈압, 노화, 암 및 동맥 경화를 예방하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 L. rhamnosus BHN-LAB 76로 발효된 흰목이버섯 추출물의 항 당뇨 효능에 대해 조사하였다. 그 결과, 발효된 흰목이버섯 추출물은 발효하지 않은 추출물에 비해 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해 활성을 증가시키고, 3T3-L1 전지방 세포에서의 지방세포 분화 유도를 통한 지방구 생성을 억제하는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 발효된 흰목이버섯은 지방 및 세포 분화 유도에 관여한다고 알려진 AMPK, Akt의 유전자 발현을 촉진하고, JNK의 발현을 억제하는 것을 통해 지방생성억제 및 항 당뇨 활성이 증가됨을 확인하였다. 따라서 L. rhamnosus BHN-LAB 76으로 발효한 흰목이버섯 추출물은 항비만 및 항당뇨 기능성 소재 및 식품 개발로의 활용이 가능할 수 있음을 제안한다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2009

The Wnt/$\beta$-catenin signaling pathway alters adipocyte differentiation by inhibiting adipogenic gene expression. $\beta$-catenin plays a central role in the Wnt/$\beta$-catenin signaling pathway. In this study, we revealed that tumour necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$), a potential negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation, inhibits porcine adipogenesis through activation of the Wnt/$\beta$-catenin signaling pathway. Under the optimal concentration of TNF-$\alpha$, the intracellular $\beta$-catenin protein was stabilized. Thus, the intracellular lipid accumulation of porcine preadipocyte was suppressed and the expression of important adipocyte marker genes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-$\gamma$ (PPAR$\gamma$) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-$\alpha$ (C/EBP$\alpha$), were inhibited. However, a loss of $\beta$-catenin in porcine preadipocytes enhanced the adipogenic differentiation and attenuated TNF-$\alpha$ induced anti-adipogenesis. Taken together, this study indicated that TNF-$\alpha$ inhibits adipogenesis through stabilization of $\beta$-catenin protein in porcine preadipocytes.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2014

Obesity occurs when a person's calorie intake exceeds the amount of energy burns, which may lead to pathologic growth of adipocytes and the accumulation of fat in the tissues. In this study, the effect and mechanism of pear pomace extracts on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation and apoptosis of mature adipocytes were investigated. The effects of pear pomace extract on cell viability and the anti-adipogenic and proapoptotic effects were investigated via MTT assay, Oil red O staining, western blot analysis and apoptosis assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated with DMEM containing 10% FBS, 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), $5{\mu}g/ml$ insulin and $1{\mu}M$ dexamethasone for differentiation to adipocytes. 3T3-L1 cells were cultured with PBS or water extract of pear pomace. Water extract of pear pomace effectively inhibited lipid accumulations and expressions of PPAR-${\gamma}$ and $C/EBP{\alpha}$ in 3T3-L1 cells. It also increased expression of p-AMPK and decreased the expression of SREBP-1c and FAS in 3T3-L1 cells. The induction of apoptosis was observed in 3T3-L1 cells treated with pear pomace. These results indicate that pear pomace water extract inhibits adipogenesis and induces apoptosis of adipocytes and thus can be used as a potential therapeutic substance as part of prevention or treatment strategy for obesity.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2014

Objectives : The effects of ethanol extract of Plantago asiatica L. were investgated on adipocyte differentiation, lipopogenesis, lipolysis and apoptosis using differnentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Methods : Plantago asiatica L. was extracted with ethanol (CCE). We carried on MTT assay for cell proliferation, Oil Red O staining for determination of cell differentiation and intracelluar adipogenesis. TUNEL staining assay for cell apoptosis, and Western blot analysis for measurement of pAMPK and pACC, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, $PPAR{\gamma}$ protein expressions were performed. Results : The addition of CCE up to 0.2 mg/ml into cell culture media showed no cytotoxicity. Treatment of 0.2 mg/ml CCE significantly inhibited differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Lipid accumulation of the CCE treated cells was decreased compared with that of control. Induction of cell apoptosis was increased in CCE treated cells compared with that of control. AMPK and ACC levels of the cells with 0.2 mg/ml CCE were led to phosphorylation and also expressions of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ and $PPAR{\gamma}$, as adipogenic transcription factors, were suppressed compared with those of control. Conclusions : Taken together, these results provide evidence that CCE has a regulatory role in lipid metabolism that is related to differentiation into adipocytes, adipogenesis and apoptosis.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2023

Dictyopteris divaricata, a type of marine brown algae, has been studied for its various biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and whitening effects. However, its potential antiobesity effects have not been extensively explored. This study aimed to examine the impact of D. divaricata ethanol extract (DDE) on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Our results showed that when 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with noncytotoxic concentrations of DDE there was a concentration-dependent decrease in fat accumulation rate and triglycerid production compared with the control. Furthermore, DDE significantly reduced the expression of transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1) and fatty acid transport protein (FABP4), which are crucial for 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. These findings suggest that DDE may exhibit antiobesity effects by suppressing the expression of lipogenic transcription factors and fatty acid transport proteins. Therefore, DDE holds potential as a therapeutic agent for obesity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2011

In this study, the effects of a methanol (MeOH) extract of Carduus crispus L. (Asteraceae) on adipogenesis was investigated in 3T3-L1 cells. To differentiate preadipocytes to adipocytes, confluent 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with a hormone mixture, which included isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin (MDI). The methanol extract of C. crispus significantly decreased fat accumulation by inhibiting adipogenic signal transcriptional factors in MDI-induced 3T3-L1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In MTT assays and on PI-staining, methanol extract of C. crispus inhibited the proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells during mitotic clonal expansion (MCE). The anti-adipogenic effect of the Carduus extract seemed to be associated with the upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways within the first 2 days after MDI treatment. These results suggest that methanol extract of C. crispus might be beneficial for the treatment of obesity.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권10호
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• pp.587-592
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• 2014

We investigated the effects of ${\beta}$-adrenergic activation on bone marrow adiposity and on adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a control (CON), high calorie (HIGH) or low calorie (LOW) diet for 12 weeks. In each group, mice were treated with vehicle (VEH) or propranolol. The number of adipocytes per area bone marrow was increased in LOWVEH and HIGHVEH mice compared with CONVEH mice, which was attenuated by propranolol. Isoproterenol increased lipid droplet accumulation and adipogenic marker gene expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mouse BMSCs, which were blocked by propranolol. Conditioned medium obtained from MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts suppressed adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, which was significantly attenuated by treatment of MC3T3-E1 cells with isoproterenol. These data suggest that ${\beta}$-adrenergic activation enhances bone marrow adipogenesis via direct stimulation of BMSCs adipogenesis and indirect inhibition of osteoblast anti-adipogenic potential.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
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• pp.111-111
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• 2003

Green tea have been widely reported as functional foods because of their various bioactivities. In the present study, we used 3T3-Ll cells model of white adipocytes to clarify whether green tea and its main pharmaceutically effective compounds (EGCG, caffeine and theanine) prevent obesity. Cellular viability, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, glycerol release and HSL mRNA levels were checked. Glycerol release into the medium was significantly increased by the cells treated with green tea extract. Glycerol release into the medium was significantly increased by the cells treated with green tea extract. Caffeine and theanine from green tea showed some level of lipolytic activity, and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was remarkably decreased by EGCG. These results suggest that green tea has anti-obesity effect through inhibition of adipogenesis and stimulation of lipolysis. Catechins and theanine of green tea might be the factors responsible for the modulation of lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation.