• 대기
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.461-472
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• 2015

The sudden stratospheric warming (SSW), which is characterized by an abrupt increase of polar stratospheric temperature by several tens of degrees in a week, has been known to affect tropospheric weather and climate on sub-seasonal time scale in the boreal winter. Such downward coupling has been often examined in North Atlantic and Europe, but rarely examined in East Asia. In this study, by applying the two definitions of SSW to the reanalysis data, the possible impacts of the SSW events on the surface air temperature (SAT) and tropospheric circulation in East Asia are analyzed. It is found that Eurasian continent, including Siberia and the Northeast Asia, tends to experience anomalously cold SAT for up to sixty days after the SSW events. The resulting SAT anomalies largely resemble those associated with negative Artic Oscillation. However, over East Asia, SSW-related SAT change is weak and not statistically significant. Only during the extreme SSW events when the downward coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere is strong, East Asia exhibits significantly cold SAT anomalies. This relationship is presented by grouping SSW events into those followed by cold SAT anomalies over East Asia and those by warm anomalies for varying threshold values of the SSW events.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2008

안면 기형, 삼각두, 뇌량 무형성, 감각 신경성 난청, 시각장애, 심기형, 심근병증, 폐동맥 고혈압, 배꼽 탈장과 생식기 기형이 있는 환아에게 동반된 9번 염색체 단완이질염색질 부위의 첨가를 발견하여 9번 염색체 p13 부위의 첨가와 연관된 다발성 기형의 발생을 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 1989

Forty-five patients, aged 16 months to 15.5 years mean 69 months, with a wide variety of cardiac malformations underwent the modified Fontan operation between Sep. 1986 to Aug. 1988. Nineteen patients had previously undergone palliative operations mainly modified B-T shunt. Twenty patients had a mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 15 mmHg, with nine operative deaths. Thirteen patients had anomalies of systemic venous connection and seven patients had anomalies of pulmonary venous connection. There were eighteen patients under the age 4 years and fifteen of them survived [83.3%]. Eighteen patients had a pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR] more than 2.5U/m, and nine died [50%] whereas two of twenty-three with a PVR less than 2.5U/m died[8.6%]. PVR and anomalies of pulmonary venous connection had a significant influence on survival, but age and anomalies of systemic venous connection did not. Amount of pleural effusion drained postoperatively and PVR had positive linear correlation. Pulmonary artery pressure was not an independent predictor of outcome and pulmonary artery pressure alone should not contraindicate a Fontan procedure if PVR is low. In general, the Fontan operation should be done at a younger age less than 4 year to avoid ventricular dysfunction due to long-standing exposure to hypoxia.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 1974

During the years 1959 to 1974, 99 patients with patent ductus arteriosus were admitted to National University Hospital. These includes 5 patients with additional cardiovascular and 5 patients with severe pulmonary hypertension. All were operated upon except three refused operation. In all instances, the diagnosis was made by history and physical, roentgenological and electrographic examinations. In addition, in 53 patients, special diagnostic procedures were carried out either for diagnosis or for evaluation of pulmonary hypertension and associated cardiovascular anomalies. Right cardiac catheterization was resorted to in 51 patients. In one of these patients catheterization was incorrectly interpreted [ventricular septal defect]. Retrograde aortogram was performed in two patients. In both cases the ductus itself was visualized on the x-ray film. An additional vascular anomaly, namely the persistent left superior vena cava, was confirmed by retrograde angiogram in one of them. In 5 cases the pulmonary arterial pressure was elevated well over 80 mmHg. In these instances,the operative mortality was 80% [4 out of 5 patients]. The management of patent ductus arteriosus when associated with severe pulmonary hypertension. and/or other cardiac anomalies is controversial. Opinions differ as to how to close the ductus and to repair the cardiac anomalies as well as to whether a one-staged or two-staged procedure should be resorted to. The author is of the that each case must be evaluated individually before any specific surgical treatment is ou.tlined. The literature on the subject is reviewed in this paper.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.259-265
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• 1994

Cor triatriatum is a relatively rare cardiac anomaly, whose major feature is a fenestrated membrane separating an upper common pulmonary venous chamber from a lower true left atrial cavity. Interatrial communications may be present between the right atrium and the common pulmonary venous chamber or the true left atrium. From April 1981 to April 1992, 24 patients with cor triatriatum were treated at Seoul National University Hospital. Ages ranged from 1 month to 24 years with mean of 7.4 years. Twenty patients had interatrial communications through a patent foramen ovale, primum or secundum defect of the atrial septum. Four had no interatrial communications. Fourteen patients had associated anomalies; partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 3, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 2, persistent left superior vena cava in 3, and other anomalies in 6 patients. Surgical corrections were performed through right atriotomy in 18 patients, left atriotomy in 4, and both atriotomy in 2. Three patients [12.5%] died early after operation; two of them were associated with single ventricle. Six out of 21 survivors [28.6%] experienced complications; recurrent pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, ischemic encephalopathy, diaphragmatic palsy and tachyarrhythmias. At the time of follow up, all survivors, except one, were in functional class I. Surgical correction of cor triatriatum restored normal hemodynamic status with relatively low operative mortality, especially in patients not complicated with severe anomalies. This report summarizes the clinical diagnosis, associated anomalies, interatrial communications, surgical approach and late result of 24 patients underwent surgical corrections in our hospital.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.559-566
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• 2015

Background Citation analysis is a recognized scientometric method of classifying cited articles according to the frequency of which they have been referenced. The total number of citations an article receives is considered to reflect it's significance among it's peers. Methods Until now, a bibliometric analysis has never been performed in the specialty of craniofacial anomalies and craniofacial surgery. This citation analysis generates an extensive list of the 50 most influential papers in this developing field. Journals specializing in craniofacial surgery, maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, neurosurgery, genetics and pediatrics were searched to demonstrate which articles have cultivated the specialty within the past 55 years. Results The results show an intriguing compilation of papers which outline the fundamental knowledge of craniofacial anomalies and the developments of surgical techniques to manage these patients. Conclusions This citation analysis provides a summation of the current most popular trends in craniofacial literature. These esteemed papers aid to direct our decision making today within this specialty.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.363-369
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• 1997

As a part of the study to know the deep geological structure of the Ogcheon Zone. gravity survey is performed along the survey line of which direction is roughly perpendicular to major faults of the Zone. Recent studies for petrology. geochemistry. and structural geology in south-western Ogcheon Zone are outlined. Raw gravity data are corrected to obtain Bouguer anomalies and the anomalies are interpreted to obtain subsurface structures along the survey line. The subterranean density discontinuities determined from the power spectrum method are appeared at depths of 15.4 km and 2.8 km. It is considered that the depth of 15.4 km indicates the boundary between upper and lower crust. Probably the depth of 2.8 km represents the boundary between upper volcanic formations and granites. Alternatively. the observed Bouguer anomalies are interpreted in terms of lateral density variation model. Finally. the subterranean geological structure to satisfy the Bouguer anomalies is presented through the iterative forward method in which results obtained from surface geological informations and from the inverse method are adopted as an initial model.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2010년 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.165-168
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• 2010

This paper describes the results of complete Bouguer anomalies computed from the Free-air anomalies that derived from Sandwell and DNSC08 mairne gravity models. Complete bouguer corrections consist of three parts: the bouguer correction (Bullard A), the curvature correction (Bullard B) and the terrain correction (Bullard C). These all corrections have been computed over the East Sea on a $1'{\times}1'$ elevation data (topography and bathymetry) derived from ETOPO1 global relief model. In addition, a constant topographic (sea-water) density of $2,670kg/m^3$ ($1,030kg/m^3$) has been used for all correction terms. The distribution of complete bouguer anomalies computed from DNSC08 are -34.390 ~ 267.925 mGal, and those from Sandwell are -32.446 ~ 266.967 mGal in East Sea. The mean and RMSE value of the difference between DNSC08 and Sandwell is $0.036{\pm}2.373$ mGal. The highest value of complete bouguer anomaly are found around the region of $42{\sim}43^{\circ}N$ and $137{\sim}139^{\circ}E$ (has the lowest bathymetry) in both models. Theses values show that the gravity distribution of both models, DNSC08 and Sandwell, are very similar. They indicate that satellite-based marine gravity model can be effectively used to analyze the geophysical, geological and geodetic characteristics in East Sea.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 1986

This study was undertaken to demonstrate the relationship between oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea and minor mullerian anomalies. Hysterosalpingograms were taken in total 139 patients including 62 infertile patients with normal menstrual intrerval, 47 infertile patients with oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea and 30 tubal reanastomosis candidates with normal menstrual interval. The results were summarized as follows: 1. In unselected infertile patients, the occurrence rate of minor mullerian anomalies was 38%. 2. The occurrence rate of oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea in infertile patients with minor mullerian anomaly was significantly higher than that of infertile patients with normal uterus and the reverse was the ( ) result. 3. There was no significant difference in the occurrence rate of minor mullerian anomalies between infertile patients and tubal reanastomosis candidates with normal menstrual interval. 4. There was no immediate relationship between the degree of fundal anomaly and the duration of the menstrual intervals and/or the duration of the oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea.

• 지질학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.677-682
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• 2018

지구 자기장은 지구 내부 및 지표면 근처에서 일어나는 다양한 자화 특성 변화에 민감하게 반응하며, 이러한 지구물리적 특성은 현장에서 측정된 자기 이상치의 정량적 분석을 통하여 특정화된다. 이 연구에서는 자기 이상치 분석에 활용될 수 있는 유한요소법 기반 수치모델링을 콤솔 멀티피직스를 사용하여 구현하였다. 구현된 수치모델링 방법은 기존에 알려진 해석해와 비교하여 그 유효성을 검증하였으며, 중앙해령에서 지자기 역전과 단층 구조 사이의 상관관계를 모사하는 데 적용하였다. 이러한 유한요소 기반의 지자기 모델링 기법은 다중 물리적 현상 모사에 손쉽게 적용될 수 있다.