• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.153-165
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the difference in production elasticity based on the types of agricultural labor input regarding its qualitative difference in Jeju mandarin production. To estimate the production function of qualityadjusted labor, we have set up a Quality-Adjusted Index based on the market wage of the agricultural field. We have conducted a multiple regression analysis of the newly estimated labor inputs using the Ordinary Least Squares regression. Results show that the production efficiency of aggregate total labor hours (quality-unadjusted labor input) is overestimated compared to quality-adjusted labor with qualitative labor homogeneity. Moreover, by analyzing household labor and employment labor, we have observed that the marginal productivity of household labor exceeds that of employment labor. In conclusion, this study verifies that securing labor input homogeneity is crucial for analyzing agricultural labor hours' economic efficiency accurately.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.345-375
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• 2018

This study examines labour market and unemployment protection policies as a configuration in 12 OECD countries in order to investigate how countries from different regime conform to or diverse from previous welfare state regime discussion, and to examine its relationship with poverty and inequality. In analyzing the combination of the unemployment insurance, the unemployment assistance, and active labour market policy, firstly, fuzzy scores of unemployment insurance was calculated by analyzing the strictness of eligibility, duration of benefit and the generosity of income replacement rate. For unemployment assistance, the ratio of public assistance expenditure to the GDP in each country and the ratio of unemployment benefit level to the average wage in each country have been considered. As for the active labour market policy, the total expenditure per GDP of this policy was converted into fuzzy points and analyzed. As a result, 5 types in 2005 and 6 types in 2010 were generated. Specifically, 'assistance type(iAp)', 'insurance type (Iap)', 'comprehensive safety net type (IAP)', 'weak safety net type(iap)' were analyzed. This paper suggested policy implication for South Korean case, which consistently had high score for weak safety net type(iap).

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.199-208
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• 1998

This study forecasts the trend of ethnic theme through market survey, concentrating on Los Angeles market. First, the background of ethnic theme was examined, and the present situation of shops, department sores, and headquarter was also surveyed. After that, fashion trend suitable for market was suggested by analyzing the life style of consumers through zip code. The results of the study are as follows. The conspicuous trend of '97 F/W retail stores is ethnic. This reaction to complicated modern life, and symbolizes the desirable evaluation on the simpleness of basic life and nature. The model of ethnic design is identified in natural clothing, primitive arts, ethnic culture and African theme. In short, this ethnic fashion is expressed as simpleness, naturalism convenience and freedom. On the other hand, the standard of general department stores such as Broadway and Robinson May which are the headquarter of this trend is to satisfy various consumers with various styles. Ethnic goods from Broadway has not arrived at the top for its introducing step. To elevate sales of these goods, promotion through VMD and suggesting various ethnic goods should be done. Besides, when analyzing the consumers of Beverly center Broadway, the target of these goods are mostly professional young people in their 25-34 and 35-44. The life style of these people emphasizes sophisticated life in aspects such as job-oriented activities, and up-to-date fashion. Especially, image is very important. They want individuality different from others. These images are diversified from simpleness, naiveness to sexy character. Accordingly, suggesting fashion trend satisfying the demand of consumers through market survey will make fashion market create infinite possibilities.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.73-96
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• 2011

Recent market saturation makes the local retailers consider an attempt to innovate the market with the retailer's brand. This is the retailers' efforts to expand the market control through the enhancement of private brands. As the competition among manufacturers extends to the competition between manufacturers and retailers, the marketing knowledges of manufacturers need to be diversified to the ones that can be applied to the manufacturers and retailers due to their bilateral competition. This research concentrates on the customer acquisition strategy (attack strategy) and customer retention strategy (defense strategy) in the place of both sides of manufacturers and retailers. Also this research targets to develop the differential marketing strategies for target market's National Brand(NB)/Private Brand(PB) purchase by analyzing individual customer's purchase probability on repurchase and switch-purchase of NB and PB. This study is based on the data of frequently consumed product, tomato ketchup on scanner panel from the ERIM data of University of Chicago, USA. This study compares and analyzes the NB and PB repurchases and switch-purchase of 4 types. The comparisons provide the informations that which factors should be managed for the attack strategy, the defense strategy, and the differential marketing strategies both for manufacturers and retailers. This research is expected to contribute on cumulating the industrial knowledges of retailers' and manufacturers' survival strategy, expecially focusing on the effect of marketing factors and consumer-characteristic factors.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.97-125
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• 2014

This study investigates the relationship between stock index and its associated nearby futures markets based on the cost-of-carry model. The purpose of this study is to explore the existence of mispriced futures contracts, and to test whether traders can earn trading profits in real financial market using the information about the mispriced futures contracts. This study suggests the concordance correlation coefficient to investigate the existence of mispriced futures contracts. The concordance correlation coefficient gives a desirable result for trading profits that results from a comparative analysis among profits from trading at the time to indicate trading opportunities determined by the degree of the difference between the observed market price and the theoretical price of a futures contract. In addition, this study also explains that the concordance correlation coefficient developed from the mean square error (MSE) has a statistically theoretical meaning. In conclusion, this study shows that the concordance correlation coefficient is appropriate for analyzing the relationship between the observed stock index futures market price and the theoretical stock index futures price derived from the cost-of-carry model.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.115-130
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• 2022

In this study, I focus on analyzing how the effects of implementing ETS are different depending on whether Korean ETS linking with carbon markets in other countries. The global computable general equilibrium (CGE) model built in this study analyzes the chages in the production and trade of industrial sectors according to the international linkage of ETS compared to the reference scenario of emissions reduction targets and implementation of ETS. From the analysis of internatioanl linkage of carbon markets scenarios, Annex B countries-South Korea carbon market linkage with individual ETS in China worse the economic outcomes in South Korea the most. This means South Korea lose the international competitiveness compared to China in this scenario. On the other hand, Annex B-China carbon market linkage with Korean individual ETS implementation reduce the decreases in production and trading. The most effective way is to join a global emissions trading market with China. The results are consistent in most industries of South Korea. These results are caused by that the supply of emission allowance is increased and the price of emissions allowances is dropped by China's participation to the carbon market, which can be understood to reduce the carbon reduction cost for industrial sectors. In addition, it can be also concluded that the determinant of the negative impact of ETS on changes in production and trade is more sensitive to the price of emissions allowances than to the characteristics of production and trade structure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1075-1085
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• 1999

Brand equity is the added value endowed by the brand to the product. This concept born in the 1980's has aroused intense interest among market managers and business strategists from a wide variety of industries. Brand equity can be approached in different perspectives according to the motivations and the objectives of the studies. Consumer-based brand equity is examined internally by consumers' cognition and feeling and externally by consume behavior in the market By analyzing the relationship between them we can understand how brand value is made in the mind of consumers and how it is converted into the consumer behavior,. The brand is an especially important extrinsic cue in clothing products and the apparel industry has higher brand equity when it is actually compared with the brand equity of many other industries measured as a financial asset. Therefore the purpose of this study was to find out brand value of clothing products through clothing brand equity and to understand consumer behavior of the brand. And so we focused in consumer-based brand equity. For the empirical study three brands that are predicted to have different level of brand equity were selected based on prices and market shares of the brands. As the result the consumer-based brand equity is composed of emotional and cognitive dimensions and each dimension has several sub-dimensions. These diverse dimensions of brand equity bring about differences in consumers' purchase behavior market share and price premium of brands.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.613-620
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• 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has made the economy in Indonesia sluggish, especially Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Simultaneously, the SMEs existence in Indonesia is fundamental and considered important by the government since it is able to assist numerous laborers and become an income source for the lower and middle classes of the community. The productivity of SME in a region will undeniably influence the availability of job and, of course, reduce the number of unemployed. Therefore, in this study, the researchers looked at how to improve SMEs performance to continue to exist amid the COVID-19 pandemic, by identifying the relationships between product characteristics, market competitive strategies, and the performance of SMEs. The research was done on SMEs in West Java, Indonesia. The example employed was Batik SMEs in Cirebon with at least 10 years in existence, and the total number of these SMEs was 165. As the basis of a quantitative approach, this study employed survey instruments by distributing a questionnaire. In analyzing the data, it utilized the structural equation modeling (SEM). The result showed a significant relationship between Product Characteristics, Market Competitive Strategy, and Price and Product Success Rate on SMEs Performance. This study's findings contribute to the SMEs performance literature.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.23-38
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• 2012

With the rapid developing of economy and the information communication, as well as the fierce competition of marketing, the consumer market of apparel is gradually matured. Also, the consumer has more requirements towards clothes, in terms of quality, style, price level and individuality. As a result, brand fashion, now, needs to accelerate the speed of every stage of producing, which is from designing to the following of finished goods in order to occupy the market share in a fast consuming, variety and individuality pursuing market. An increasing number of industries have focused on the SPA brand so as to adapt the competition of modern market. The paper mainly researches that the differences of purchasing behaviors towards SPA brand between 20's-30's Chinese female and 20's-30's Korean female. The analyzing results of purchase motivation showed difference in the 'personal motivation' and 'social motivation' factor. Purchase standard showed differences in the 'image management' factor. The attitude toward the brand showed differences in the 'practicality' and 'trendiness' factor.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.5-15
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• 2017

Purpose - This research identified the factors to be considered when CEOs establish small companies and improve their businesses by analyzing the effects of their entrepreneurship and marketing activities on the business performance of small companies and suggested measures to utilize them strategically. Research design, data, and methodology - The research conducted a survey for companies located in Busan, and Gyeongnam area in Korea. To verify the model and hypothesis mentioned above, relevant items were allocated to each variable. Results - the research found that the innovation of entrepreneurship negatively affects formalization and centralization along with the propensity for risk-taking which negatively affects all the characteristics of an organization's structure. It was also found that the pro-activeness which was rejected in the selection and verification of hypothesis is the CEOs characteristics which positively affect all of the organization type are contrary to the initial hypothesis. Conclusions - The results of these efforts will positively contribute toward developing a start-up strategy helpful for small companies CEOs, to change the business environment proactively, to operate their organization efficiently and to develop market-oriented marketing activities and objectives. This research found the role of market-oriented characteristics demanded by the CEO to overcome organizational structure, business innovation and bad business situations.