• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.197-204
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• 2012

The vast stores of biomass available in the worldwide have the potential to displace significant amounts of fuels that are currently derived from petroleum sources. Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of possible paths by which we can convert biomass to higher value products. The wood pyrolysis oil (WPO), also known as the bio crude oil (BCO), has been regarded as an alternative fuel for petroleum fuels to be used in diesel engine. However, the use of WPO in a diesel engine requires modifications due to low energy density, high water contents, low acidity, and high viscosity of the WPO. One of the easiest way to adopt WPO to diesel engine without modifications is emulsification of WPO with diesel or bio diesel. In this study, a DI diesel engine operated with diesel, bio diesel (BD), WPO/BD emulsion was experimentally investigated. Performance and gaseous & particle emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by WPO/BD emulsion were examined. Results showed that stable engine operation was possible with emulsion and engine output power was comparable to diesel and bio diesel operation.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.48-53
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• 1988

In a previous report, the properties of vegetable oils as diesel fuel substitutes were investigated and the basic load performance of a diesel engine was examined using vegetable oil. The results show that despite of the long term chain hydrocarbon structure and large droplet size due to high viscosity, vegetable oils have good basic performance and exhaust emissions, however they cause serious problems as carbon deposit buildup, they have poor durability, and also poor thermal efficiency. In this paper, the startability and engine durability with long term operation was tested by physical methods for reducing viscosity when vegetable oil was used as compared against diesel fuel. The results obtained in this investigation may be stated as follows; (1) There is no problem in startability when vegetable oil was used as diesel fuel substitutes as far as fuel temperature is higher than 30.deg. C (2) The carbon deposits were most extensive at lower loads and lower engine speeds, and deposit buildup more heavily on the cooler parts of the combustion chamber wall. (3) Blends with 25% diesel fuel and 20v-% ethanol are effective in reducing the carbon deposit buildups. (4) Significant improvement in carbon deposit and piston ring stick can be obtained by heating fuel(200.deg.).

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.81-86
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• 2007

Biodiesel fuel that consists of saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acid alkyl esters is an alternative diesel fuel produced from vegetable oils or animal fats. However, air causes autoxidation of biodiesel fuel during storage, which can reduce fuel quality by adversely affecting its properties, such as the kinematic viscosity and acid value. One approach for improving the resistance of fatty derivatives to autoxidation is to mix them with antioxidants. This study investigated the effectiveness of five such antioxidants in mixtures with biodiesel fuels produced by three biodiesel manufacturers : tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (PrG) and $\alpha$-tocopherol. Oxidation stability was determined using Rancimat equipment. The results show that TBHQ, BHA, and BHT were the most effective and $\alpha$-tocopherol was the least effective at increasing the oxidation stability of biodiesel. This study recommends that TBHQ and PrG be used for safeguarding biodiesel fuel from the effects of autoxidation during storage.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1080-1088
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• 2008

This paper addresses some concerns faced by the shipping industry nowadays. Initially, the environmental issues were resolved and stricter regulations are now being implemented with regards to the exhaust gas, specifically nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx), emitted from ships. Secondly, with the increasing and unstable cost of fuel oils in the world market, it has become almost a necessity to explore on a new alternative fuel. Hence, this study was conducted. An experiment was carried-out on a fishing survey vessel with the main engine (M/E) and generator engine (G/E) operated on expensive marine gas oil (MGO). During the experiment, two pre-refinery systems were installed and different fuel oil samples were employed for the M/E and the G/E. Furthermore, the NOx emission and soot concentration were monitored and verified. The results confirmed the compatibility of some fuel oil types to the engines and meeting the emission standards. MDO, MF15 and Bunker A can be used in place of MGO for the engines(M/E, G/E).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.137-146
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• 2007

The substitution of fossil fuels with biofuels has been proposed by the European Union (EU) as part of a strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from road transport, increase security of energy supply and support the development of rural communities. Vegetable oils and their derivatives (especially methyl esters), commonly referred to as 'biodiesel', are prominent candidates as alternative diesel fuels. They have advanced from being purely experimental fuels to the initial stages of commercialization. They are technically competitive with or offer technical advantages compared to conventional diesel fuel. However, several problems remain including economics, combustions, some emissions, lube oil contamination, and low-temperature properties. Therefore, quality control of fuel-related properties of biodiesel is needed to obtain consistent engine performance by fuel users. The quality of the fuel is affected by the oil composition. Rapeseed oil has been targeted for fuel use because it produces an oil with a close-to-optimum set of fuel characteristics. In this paper we have reviewed past and current efforts, both by traditional seed-breeding methods and by genetic engineering, to modify rapeseed oil quality and yield.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.562-571
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• 2014

In these days, many countries carry out many renewable energy policies to increase the renewable energy portion and to reduce the GHG(Green House Gas). In Korea, RPS(Renewable Portfolio Standards) focused on over 500MW power producers is conducting. And they are using the bio-fuel oil to meet their RPS quota. The oil is a mixture of animal and vegetable fat or fatty acid ester of them and should satisfy some specifications to use the power generation such as viscosity, pour point, acid number. Depends on the raw materials, quality characteristics of power bio-fuel oil are changed. By adding the power bio-fuel oil, pour point, density, sulfur content and viscosity are decreased and acid number, iodine number, oxygen content are increased. In this study, we test the quality characteristic of power bio-fuel oil and the property changes by the blending ratio of power bio-fuel oil & conventional fuel oil.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.102-112
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• 2012

The vast stores of biomass available in the worldwide have the potential to displace significant amounts of fuels that are currently derived from petroleum sources. Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of possible paths by which we can convert biomass to higher value products. The wood pyrolysis oil (WPO), also known as the bio crude oil (BCO), have been regarded as an alternative fuel for petroleum fuels to be used in diesel engine. However, the use of BCO in a diesel engine requires modifications due to low energy density, high water contents, low acidity, and high viscosity of the BCO. One of the easiest way to adopt BCO to diesel engine without modifications is emulsification of BCO with diesel and bio diesel. In this study, a diesel engine operated with diesel, bio diesel (BD), BCO/diesel, BCO/bio diesel emulsions was experimentally investigated. Performance and gaseous & particle emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by BCO emulsions were examined. Results showed that stable engine operation was possible with emulsions and engine output power was comparable to diesel and bio diesel operation. However, in case of BCO/diesel emulsion operation, THC & CO emissions were increased due to the increased ignition delay and poor spray atomization and NOx & Soot were decreased due to the water and oxygen in the fuel. Long term validation of adopting BCO in diesel engine is still needed because the oil is acid, with consequent problems of corrosion and clogging especially in the injection system.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.237-242
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• 2009

Various type of alternative fuel have been developed due to exhaustion of fossil fuel reserves and high oil price. Biodiesel is produced from the reaction of triglyceride, which is main component of animal fat and vegetable oil, and methanol by methanolysis as it is known for eco- friendly fuel for alternative petrodiesel. In this work, it was analyzed for the characteristics of the blended biodiesel with domestic petrodiesel according to blending ratio. Density, kinematic viscosity and flash point were increased with increasing the content of biodiesel. But the characteristic of blended biodiesel fuel were changed to aggravate in low temperature. Also, the derived cetane number(DCN) from IQT was increased by added biodiesel. Especially, the DCN of biodiesel from palm oil showed 71.26.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.2 no.2 s.6
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• pp.118-125
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• 2006

The target of this work was the process development of demonstration plant to produce the high quality alternative fuel oil by the pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste. In the first step of research, the bench-scale units of 70 t/y and the pilot plant of 360 t/y had been developed. Main research contents in this step were the process performance test of pilot plant of 360 ton/year and the development of demonstration plant of 3,000 t/y, which was constructed at Korea R & D Company in Kimjae City. The process performance of pilot plant of 360 t/y showed about 80% yield of liquid product, which was obtained by both light gas oil(LGO) and heavy gas oil(HGO), The boiling point range distribution of LO product that was mainly consisting of olefin components in PONA group appeared at between that of commercial gasoline and kerosene. On the other hand, HO product was mainly paraffin and olefin components and also appeared at upper temperature distribution range than commercial diesel. Gas product showed a high fraction of $C_3\;and\;C_4$ product like LPG composition, but also a high fraction of $CO_2$ and CO by probably a little leak of process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2015

Recent global warming has been recognized as the world economy development from fossil fuel use is the culprit. This study was reduce the fossil fuel has been developed in a number of alternative energy, As a fuel that can be produced in our country is a biofuel. Biofuels is a sustainable fuel having economically benefits and decreasing environmental pollution problems caused due to fossil fuel. A lot of research is progressing about the conversion of diesel biofuel as renewable clean energy. In this experiment were remodel the institution that has been used in fishing engine again produced an experimental apparatus were installed directly, were studied using various bio fuel like to help the economically and environmentally sound operation of the vessel. rapeseed oil, soybean oil, comprehensively analyzing the results the effects of the exhaust emission characteristics of the waste rapeseed oil is available in a marine engine with similar physical and chemical components of the fuel, and the fuel consumption ratio, NOx is slightly increased, but soot was confirmed a tendency to decrease much.