• Advances in Computational Design
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.175-194
• /
• 2016

Nature has provided inspiration for most of the man-made technologies. Scientists believe that dolphins are the second to humans in smartness and intelligence. Echolocation is the biological sonar used by dolphins for navigation and hunting in various environments. This ability of dolphins is mimicked in this paper to develop a new optimization method. Dolphin Echolocation Optimization (DEO) is an optimization method based on dolphin's approach for hunting food and exploration of environment. DEO has already been developed for discrete optimization search space and here it is extended to continuous search space. DEO has simple rules and is adjustable for predetermined computational cost. DEO provides the optimum results and leads to alternative optimality curves suitable for the problem. This algorithm has a few parameters and it is applicable to a wide range of problems like other metaheuristic algorithms. In the present work, the efficiency of this approach is demonstrated using standard benchmark problems.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.73-88
• /
• 2001

Designing high quality products and processes at a low cost is central technological and economic challenge to the engineer. The combination of engineering concepts and statistical implementations offered by Taguchi\`s off-line design technique has proven t be invaluable. By examining some deficiencies in designs from the Taguchi\`s highly fractional, orthogonal main effect plan based on orthogonal arrays, alternative method is proposed. The maximum resolution or the minimum aberration criterion is commonly used for selecting 2$^{n-m}$ fractional designs. We present new high resolution (low aberration) linear graphs to simplify the complexity of selecting designs with desirable statistical properties. The new linear graphs approach shows a substantial improvement over Taguchi\`s linear graphs and other related graphical methods for planning experiment. The new set of linear graphs will allow the experimenter to maintain the simple approach suggested by Taguchi while obtaining the best statistical properties of the resulting design such as minimum aberration as a by-product without dependency on complicated computational algorithm or additional statistical training.g.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 2004

합리적 통행경로는 "경로를 노드 또는 링크의 순서로 표현할 때, 경로를 구성하는 노드의 반복은 존재해도 링크의 반복은 존재하지 않는다"는 원리에 근거한다. 최적경로 탐색과정에서 합리적 통행현상을 포함하는 방법은 링크로 구성된 표지(Link-Based Label)를 적용하는 방안이 적용하기 용이하다. 링크표지를 활용하는 경우 링크의 중복 표현을 허용되지 않는 상황에서 노드의 중복표현이 가능하여 합리적인 통행을 원칙적으로 보장될 뿐만 아니라 목적지에서 출발지로 경로를 역 추적(Backward Trace)하는 과정에서 전 링크(Pvevious Link)의 단일정보만 이용하므로 Bellman의 최적원리(Optimality Condition)에 의한 최적해(Optimal Solution)가 보장된다. 본 연구는 다수의 경로를 선정함에 있어 합리적 통행행태를 고려하기 위한 링크표지고정방식(Link-Based Label Setting)을 제안한다. 기존에 표지고정(Label Setting)을 기반으로 제안되었던 노드기반 다수경로알고리즘을 기반으로 링크표지로 전환하는 방안을 개발한다. 또한 알고리즘의 대규모 교통망에 적용한 수행결과를 통해 대안경로정보제공을 위한 현실적용의 문제점을 도출하고, 도로의 연속주행을 보장하려는 운전자의 경로선택행태를 반영하는 방안에 대해 검토한다.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2012

In this study, we explored a new approach for generating ions of organics and biomolecules using contactless atmospheric pressure ionization (C-API). That is, a tapered capillary (~20 cm) was connected to a syringe, which was coupled to a syringe pump for providing a given flow rate to introduce sample solution to the proximity of a mass spectrometer. The gas phase ions derived from analytes were readily formed in the capillary outlet, which was very close to the mass spectrometer (~1 mm). No external electric connection was applied on the capillary emitter. This setup is very simple, but it can function as an ion source. This approach can be readily used for the analysis of small molecules such as amino acids and large molecules such as peptides and proteins. The limit of the detection of this approach was estimated to be ~10 pM when using bradykinin as the sample. Thus, we believe that this approach should be very useful for being used as an alternative ion source because of its low cost, high sensitivity, simplicity, and ease of operation.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.143-154
• /
• 2008

다양한 제반 위험요소가 상존하는 고속도로 교통안전시설의 안전에 대한 사회적 관심증가로 인하여 교통안전시 설에 대한 체계적인 성능, 비용 및 효과 분석 프로세스가 요구되어지고 있다. 교통안전시설은 도로사용자의 직 간접적인 사고위험성이 상존하는 중요한 시설물임을 고려하여 위험도의 정량적 평가에 대한 고려가 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 교통안전시설의 가치분석 수행시 정량적 위험도분석 결과를 적용한 합리적인 가치분석(VE)기법을 제시하였으며, 고속도로 개선 전 후 중앙분리대에 적용하여 가치평가를 수행하였다. 또한 기능분석을 통해 중점개선대상 기능 도출기법을 제시하였으며, 이를 통해 개선 전 중앙분리대 문제점의 정확한 분석이 가능하며 향후 다양한 교통안전시설의 가치대안 창출 시 적용 가능하다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.1
• /
• pp.211-216
• /
• 2006

Within the frame of the MERCOSUR (South Common Market), one of the most important goals to achieve by its member states is a better cost effective international cargo transportation system. For this purpose the project of developing a commercial waterway linking the east region of Uruguay with the south of Brazil has been under study for a number of years now. Because of the high costs involved on the development of such waterway, the project has been indefinitely delayed. It is our intention to show an alternative way to reduce the present obstacles by using a budget oriented approach in order to determine the vessel best suited to use on the proposed waterway. So far, every study related to the project has been focused on the amount of work needed to modify the environment in order to accommodate the hardware already available in the region. The conclusions show that the cost of opening and maintaining the required navigation channel is high enough to discourage investment; the added responsibility to take care of any environmental damage incurred during the building and/or operation of the waterway makes searching for a less costly and hazardous option an interesting challenge. The proposed terminal on the Cebollat? River would be located at the heart of the Uruguayan rice growing region. Uruguay exports 90% of its rice production, being Brazil its biggest buyer. Wood chips and clinker are the other types of cargo considered to use the proposed waterway in route to either Brazil or to overseas destinations through the deep water port of Rio Grande. Through the analysis of local data by a Geographical Information System, international regulations regarding inland waterways and shallow draught vessel characteristics, we seek to propose a cost efficient alternative to apply on this particular scenario.

• 미생물과산업
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.34-41
• /
• 1993

Industrial strain improvement is concerned with developing or modifying microorganisms used in production of commercially important fermentation products. The aim is to reduce the production cost by improving productivity of a strain and manipulating specific characteristics such as the ability to utilize cheaper raw materials or resist bacteriophages. The traditional empirical approach to strain improvement is mutation combined with selection and breeding techniques. It is still used by us to improve the productivity of organisms in amino acids, organic acids and enzymes production. The breeding of high L-lysine-producing strain Au112 is one of the outstanding examples of this approach. It is a homoserine auxotroph with AEC, TA double metabolic analogue resistant markers. The yield reaches 100 g/l. Besides, the citric acid-producing organism Aspergillus niger, Co827, its productivity reaches the advanced level in the world, is also the result of a series mutations especially with $^60Co{\gamma}$-radiation. The thermostable .alpha.-amylase producing strain A 4041 is the third example. By combining physical and chemical mutations, the strain A 4041 becomes an asporogenous, catabolite derepressed mutant with rifamycin resistant and methionine, arginine auxotroph markers. The .alpha.-amylase activity reaches 200 units/ml. The fourth successful example of mutation in strain improvement is the glucoamylase-producing strain Aspergillus niger SP56, its enzyme activity is 20,000 units/ml, 4 times of that of the parental strain UV-11. Recently, recombinant DNA approach provides a worthwhile alternative strategy to industrial strain improvement. This technique had been used by us to increase the thermostable .alpha.-amylase production and on some genetic researches.

• 미생물과산업
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.38-42
• /
• 1989

Industrial strain Improvement is concerned with developing or modifying microorga-nisms used In production of commercially important fermentation products. The aim is to reduce the production cost by improving productivity of a strain and manipulating specific cilarafteristic such as the ability to utilize cheaper raw materials or resist bacteriophages. The traditional empiri-cal approach to strain improvement is mutation combined with selection and breeding techniques. It is still used by us to improve the productivity of organisms in amino acids. organic acids andenzymes production. The breeding of high L-lysine-producing strain Au112 is one of the outstanding examples of this approach. It is it homoserine auxotroph with AEC, TA double metabolicanalogue resistant markers. The yield reaches 100g/1. Resides, the citric acid-producing organism Aspergillus nuger, Co827, its productivity reches the advanced level in the world, is also the result of a series mutations expecially with Co Y-radiation. The thermostable a-amylaseroducing strain A 4041 is the third example. By combining physical and chemical multations. the strain ,A 4041becomes an asporogenous, catabolite derepressed mutant with rifamycin resistant and methionine, arginine auxotroph markers. The a-amylase activity reaches 200 units/ml. The fourth successful example of mutation in strain improvement is the glucoamylase-producing strain Aspergillus nigerSP56 its enzyme activity is 20,000 units/ml, 4 times of that of the parental strain UV_11. Recently recombinant DNA approach Provides a worth while alternative strategy to Industrial strain improve-ment. This technique had been used by us to increase the thermostable a-amylase production and on some genetic researches.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.19-30
• /
• 2017

PURPOSES : This study proposes the road asset valuation approach using alternative depreciation methods. It has become necessary to have asset management system according to the adoption of accrual basis accounting for governmental financial reporting and the amendment of the road act. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the effect of depreciation methods on road asset value as a basic research for road asset management system. METHODS : The Ministry of Strategy and Finance (MOSF) has mainly performed road asset valuation based on Write down Replacement Cost and Straight Line depreciation method. This study suggests some appropriate asset valuation methods for road assets through case analysis using three depreciation methods: Consumption-based depreciation method, Condition-based depreciation method, and Straight Line depreciation method. A road asset valuation data of national highway route 1 (year 2014) is used to analyze the effect of three depreciation methods on the road asset value. Road assets include land and structures (pavement, bridge, and tunnel). This study mainly focuses on structures such as bridges and tunnels, because according to governmental accounting standards, land and road pavement assets do not depreciate. RESULTS : The main results of this study are as follows. Firstly, overall asset value of national highway route 1 was estimated at 6.97 trillion KRW when MOSF's method (straight-line depreciation method) is applied. Secondly, asset value was estimated at 4.85 trillion KRW on application of consumption-based depreciation method. Thirdly, asset value was estimated at 4.37 trillion KRW when condition-based depreciation method is applied. Therefore, either consumption-based or condition-based depreciation methods would be more appropriate than straight-line depreciation method if we can use the condition data of road assets including land that are available in real time. CONCLUSIONS : Since road assets such as pavements, bridges, and tunnels have various patterns of deterioration and condition monitoring period, it is necessary to consider a specific valuation method according to the condition of each road asset. Firstly, even though road pavements do not depreciate, asset valuation through condition-based depreciation method would be more appropriate when requirements for application of non-depreciation approach are not satisfied. Since bridge and tunnel facilities show various patterns of deterioration and condition monitoring period by type and condition level, consumption-based depreciation method based on deterioration model would be appropriate. Therefore, it is necessary to have a reasonable asset management system to apply condition-based depreciation method and a periodic condition investigation to manage road assets well.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.79-94
• /
• 1998

90년대에 들어서 국내에서는 많은 지리정보 사업이 실행되고 있다. 바로 이 시점이 지리정보 사업의 여러 가지 기술개발과 적용, 지리정보 사업의 공공 정책적 접근방법 및 연구가 필요한 시점이라고 본다. 본 연구는 공공기관에서 시행되는 지리정보 사업에 대한 정책적 중요성을 검토하고 정책 분석적 측면에서 사업은 어떻게 평가되어야 하며, 어떤 내용들이 어떠한 절차와 단계를 거쳐 검토되어야 하는가를 연구한 것이다. 이러한 정가와 분석을 위해서 '비용편익 분석'을 하나의 분석방법으로 제시하면서, 이 방법이 지리정보 사업을 평가하는데 어떠한 장정과 단점을 갖는지를 연구했다. 주요 이점은 자료 분석의 용이, 지도 출력 및 수정 변경의 비용 절감 등이 유형의 이점으로 볼 수 있는 반면, 저리정보의 질적 향상과 보다 정확한 지리정보의 관리 및 운영, 의사결정지원 등이 무형의 이점으로 나타났다. 그러나 이러한 이점들은 지리정보 사업 시행 이전의 비용편익 분석에서 효과적으로 분석될 수 있는 부문이 있는 반면, 무형의 이점들은 여전히 비용 편익 개념에서 제대로 파악될 수 없는 경우가 있다. 이러한 문제점들은 향후 연구 과제로써 일반적인 계량적 평가 방법과 아울러 질적인 무형의 이점까지도 평가할 수 있는 다양한 분석 방법 및 평가 수단의 계속적인 연구가 필요하다.