• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.201-208
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• 2022

As around the world, ground and underground transportation capacity is reaching its limit, centering on urban areas. As urban traffic becomes congested, time and cost are astronomical, and environmental destruction caused by urban pollution is becoming increasingly serious. As a way to solve this problem, the means of flying over the air are in the spotlight as the next generation of future transportation, and the concept of urban air mobility (UAM, Urban Air Mobility) is defined as systematic planning. The development of an electric-powered vertical take-off (eVTOL) aircraft that obtains electric power through a battery using a personal aerial vehicle (PAV) as a means of transportation has accelerated. As the aircraft development of new technology aircraft in the evtol method is actively carried out, the need to prepare systems such as aircraft certification standards, pilot qualification systems, and qualification management is emerging. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), which lead international standards, announced new special technical conditions and temporary regulations SCVTOL-01, respectively. However, the pilot qualification system for operating the uam aircraft has not yet been clearly announced. Therefore, this paper analyzes the recently announced FAA regulations and EASA regulations to identify differences and directions in perspectives on UAMs and study the existing vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL) pilot qualification system to present directions for qualification classification.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.45-56
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• 2021

Demand for UAM (Urban Air Mobility) aircraft is rapidly increasing in countries around the world due to the problem of traffic congestion in urban areas. Through research and development, various e-VTOL aircraft concepts are being prepared for commercialization, for which airworthiness certification is required, since it is a manned transportation mode for people to board. Factors that pose a fatal threat to the safe operation of UAM aircraft include lightning strikes that can cause damage to structures and disturb the navigation system, as well as icing that impairs flight stability. Since the current UAM aircraft-related lightning and icing certification technology development is insufficient, there is need to develop appropriate airworthiness certification guidelines. In this study, after analyzing the laws and regulations related to aircraft by the FAA and the EASA, we tried to incorporate the lightning and icing certification guidelines for the UAM aircraft. We also analyzed the effects of lightning and icing on UAM aircraft using computational simulation, and presented the basis for establishing practical guidelines for the certification of UAM aircraft to be adopted in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.298-305
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• 2008

From design to serial production, aircraft should go thorough complicated certification procedure from airworthiness authority such as Type Certificate, Production Certificate and Certificate of Airworthiness. On the other hand, aircraft components are mandated to receive Technical Standard Order Approval and Production Manufacture Approval before commercial use. As domestic aircraft and LRUs are currently under development, Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreement is promoted for the purpose of increasing aviation safety as well as foreign export. This paper describes the basic aircraft certification procedure and compares the difference in the certification system of US and Korea. Thorough this, it is attempted to suggest a requirements for establishing international certification system.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.435-445
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• 2012

In this paper, a design process is established by integrating aviation safety requirements for the development of general aviation aircraft. An Airworthiness-Design Integration System, which integrates certification requirements with the entire design/analysis process, is developed and presented. For the proposed system, KAS 23/FAR 23/AC 23/CS 23 certification regulations are analyzed to determine design constraints and system compliance checks and to construct an ER&G (Engineering Requirement and Guide) and a Design-Certification Related Table (DCRT). Furthermore, through building a DB (Data Base), the management of design and certification related resources for developing a FAR 23 class aircraft are made. Certification tools and resources are also efficiently managed by the DB. The connection between the certification requirements and the detailed design process is proposed in this system. Tracking of this proposed method is validated by configuring a USE CASE and a system. The Airworthiness-Design Integration system will be constructed based on the system's design plan, certification system, and usage scenarios.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.14-21
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• 2009

Advanced nations such as US and Europe have recognized the importance of the aircraft airworthiness and have been operating airworthiness certification system by their government since long time ago. In Korea, airworthiness certification personnel education program has been proceeding, since certification system of military aircraft airworthiness has been legislated. On this study, education course, education content for each course, education operating method and license management related to airworthiness certification personnel education and drew out adequate plan for domestic circumstance through studying aviation advanced nations cases. The proposed education course is divided into basic course, professional course and retraining course, considering its level of education and operation of education course has been recommended to a professional education institute designated by korea government and proposed to acquire authorized certificate for those who completed the education course. We hope to improve the method proposed as a result of the study such as education content, operating program, license management systematically and efficiently as years go by to develop into leading nation for airworthiness certification education and increase the benefit and confidence of nation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2010

The Test and Evaluation (T&E) process is an integral part of the Systems Engineering Process. The purpose of Test and Evaluation (T&E) in a system development is to identify the areas of risk to be reduced or eliminated. In this study, when develop aircraft of Civil Aviation with development experience of Military Aircraft, it is that establish Test and Evaluation process. Test and Evaluation for KC-100 small aircraft development can divide to certification test and development test. Certification test is proved compliance about Korea Airworthiness standard (KAS Part 23), through Development Test verify required performance of aircraft. These Test and Evaluation Process is more efficient and optimized.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.45-50
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• 2013

This is a research report about the method of how to maintain qualification of certification flight test crews. KCA(Korea Certification Agency) have completed the KC-100 airplane certification flight tests which is the first time experienced flight tests operation. After the certification flight test, it has been found that annual flying time requirement of 100 hours to the certification flight test pilot is too strict, and other several requirements to maintain the qualification of the certification test crew such as aircraft certification introduction training, initial flight test pilot and flight test engineer certification training, crew resource management training, aviation physiology training, and survival training was difficult to implement in Korean civil aviation environments. In this study, it was suggested that 30 hours of flying time for maintaining certification flight test pilot qualification could be applied to contribute for safe operation of certification flight test and the other training requirements of the certification flight test crew could be fulfilled using self made training courses, existing FAA training courses and Korean Air Force training resources. Therefore, it is recommended that the regulation of maintaining the certification flight test crew qualification should be refined to implement the requirement practically.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.20-29
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• 2021

As the feasibility of urban air mobility (UAM) service using electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft increases due to aircraft electrification, distributed propulsion, and artificial intelligence technologies, the U.S. and European aeronautical societies have been improving their certification system and regulations for the type certification of eVTOL. The improved certification system is expected to be ready in the near future, after the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) proposed the VTOL Special Condition, SC-VTOL in 2019. However, the current domestic certification system is still insufficient to properly respond to eVTOL. This study investigated the development trends of foreign eVTOL and certification systems, identified considerations to improve the domestic certification system, and proposed the measures for type certificates and type certificates validation of eVTOL based on the comparison between SC-VTOL and Korea airworthiness standards (KAS).

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.31-63
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• 2011

Since Korea has invested only on developing an aircraft, it is true that Korea has neglected detailed standards and procedures about certification activities including essential safety procedures. Most developed countries have implemented mandatory airworthiness system by legislating it for operational safety of aircraft based on ICAO Annex 8, and the U.S. Department of Defense and the FAA's Airworthiness system have been adapted it to the realities of their circumstance. Therefore, Airworthiness system that can guarantee the safety of the aircraft at international level is necessary to enhance flight safety and to create export opportunities of an aircraft as a country which can develop an aircraft by itself To achieve this, a study on the improvement of aircraft airworthiness was carried out by analyzing the problem of domestic airworthiness system and by reflecting international best practices on the establishment of a system for improved Airworthiness.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.138-145
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• 2013

Airworthiness certification is a government certification for the military aircraft to safely attain, sustain and terminate flight and It is a mandatory process of qualifying the flight safety within the operational boundaries of a military aircraft. To save the manhour, time and cost for applying all the airworthiness certification criteria to the aircraft equipped with flight control switching mechanism development program, an identification of the risk and systematic assessment of risk is analysed. Airworthiness redesign actions so called software switching mechanism for the modified aircraft in the flight technology and electric system area are suggested to reduce the risk hazard index.