• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.271-288
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• 2019

It has continuously promoted to scale up the agricultural management body in order to cope with the market-opening pressure such as the UR negotiation, the DDA negotiation, and more conclusions of FTAs and to enhance the competitiveness of our agriculture. This study evaluated the factors associated with production organization participation centered on environmentally-friendly agriculture farmers in order to improve the production efficiency of environmentally-friendly agriculture in the aspect of production. In order to achieve this objective, this study evaluated the factors that contributed to participating in an organization using the bivariate probit model focusing on environmentally-friendly agriculture farmers in Chungnam. This study examined the validity and reliability of the study model through exploratory factor analysis. The results of factor analyses identified four factors: "distribution", "production", "organization operation", and "social capital". The results of the bivariate probit model showed that distribution significantly affected production activities and distribution, organization operation, agricultural income, and gender significantly influenced sale activities. Environmentally-friendly production organization had not been able to provide the productive support that was needed for local farmers to produce environmentally-friendly agricultural products in a region. Additionally, farming education did not provide the information needed by the farmers. Although producers had a network within a production organization, it was operated mainly for administrators. Therefore, participants felt somewhat lacking. This study identified the level of organization of producer organizations in Chungnam area, where environmentally-friendly agriculture is well activated. This study suggested implications for future production organization participation by evaluating factors affecting participation quantitatively.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.3 s.142
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• pp.235-239
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• 2005

Changes in chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of roasted Asparagi Tuber were investigated by HPLC. One dramatically increased peak $(t_R\;14.85 min)$ was isolated by silica gel column chromatograph and identified as 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) by comparing its $1^H-NMR$ data with that of a commercial standard. HMF content reached its maximum level at $190^{\circ}C$ for 60 minutes. Under these conditions, HMF contents in the roasted Asparagi Tuber was increased about thirteen times (9.26mg/g) over the not-roasted control (0.71 mg/g). No significant differences were found in macrophage-activating, prolyl endopeptidase-inhibiting, antioxidative (DPPH), anti-coagulating (activated partial thromboplastin times), and ACE-inhibiting activities between roasted and not-roasted Asparagi Tuber.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.423-453
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• 2015

This study started with two questions. The first question is 'Why does organic agriculture want to be linked with cooperative?' The second is 'What is the characteristics of the mutual relationship between organic agriculture and cooperative?', especially in Wonju. Up to now, there have been various kinds of discussion about cooperation between organic agricultural campaign and cooperative in Wonju. But there are few concrete data showing what role cooperative plays in the cyclical process of production-distribution-consumption of organic agriculture. Thus, we conducted a survey applying the Delphi technique to the 35 organic agricultural specialists active in Wonju. First, small-scale family farm producers established a social economic cooperative network in around 2003 to perform 'the activities of innovators' through forming an organization. Producers moved from the stage in which they were supported one-sidedly by consumers to the stage where they could 'lead' cooperation. Each farm organization built a vertical integration, and horizontal cooperative systems with other farm organizations. But, practical cooperative activities have remained in the doldrums. They tend to show trends deviating from the principles of organic agriculture and cooperative. Second, the relationship between producers and consumers in Wonju can be described as 'producer-consumer cooperative type'. In Wonju, the producers' organization is not a sub-contractor which simply deliver organic agricultural products to producers' cooperative, but is an equal subject which creates its own value chain. The cooperative (cooperative organization) leads distribution and consumption of organic agricultural products and mutual communication. But, the closeness between producers and consumers has got loosened. And, it is problematic that the proportion of local food consumption in Wonju is very low. There is a very strong tendency to ride the central distribution system of producers' cooperative coalition. Consequently, it is necessary for producers' cooperatives in Wonju to run a local food distribution system based on the 'cooperative system among cooperatives'.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

This study aims to compare the revealed activities of visitors to rural tourism villages through photographic album in the internet homepage, and to give a suggestion for building new homepage showing the differences in mountain eco-tourism village. According to the different types of village development projects, photographs in internet homepage were analysed in order to compare the centered activities of visitors to agriculture and mountain tourism villages. Landscape types such as natural landscape, agricultural landscape, and village living landscape were classified to execute a content analysis on photographic album in the homepage. Reliability of the analysis between coder was achieved as 0.81. Results were summarized as follows. Firstly, village identity of homepage was mostly determined by the characteristics of internet portal involved. Secondly, adults were revealed as main subjects of tourism activities in mountain village, whereas lots of children were involved in agricultural village. Thirdly, natural landscape was used as a place of activities in mountain village, while village living landscape was photographed as a main background. It was suggested that the photographs revealing activities with children in the background of natural landscape should be uploaded to show the identity of mountain village regardless of the characteristics of internet portal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.123-128
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• 1992

In Experiment 1, when fasted chicks were fed diets containing various sources of protein for 3 days, the activities of lipogenic enzymes (acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthetase, citrate cleavage enzyme and malic enzyme) in the liver of growing chicks were significantly lower in the soybean protein or gluten diet than in the casein or fish protein diet. Triglycride contents of the liver and plasma of chicks fed the casein or fish protein diet were significantly lower than that of those fed soybean protein or gluten diet. In Experiment 2, the effects of dietary amino acid mixture simulating casein or protein on the activities of hepatic lipogenic enzymes were examined. The activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase in the liver of chicks fed the casein diet were significantly higher than that of those fed the soybean protein diet or two diets of amino acid mixtures. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the two diets of amino acid mixture based on casein or soybean protein. However, the activities of malic enzyme and citrate cleavage enzyme tended to be lower in the soybean-type amino acid diet than in the casein-type amino acid diet. Thus, some effects can be ascribed to the protein itself and some to the amino acid composition of the protein sources.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2000

The traditional Korea medical book already recorded various biological activities of the Korean mistletoes. The objective of this study was examine antifungal activities of MeOH extract from the Korean mistletoe through column chromatography on three fungi, such as Tyromyces palustris Endothia nitschkei and Trichophyton rubrum. No mistletoes had anti-fungal activity against T. palusties. Extracts of V. album var. coloratum showed the highest hyphal growth-inhibitory activity against E. nitschkei and leaf extract of this species had higher activity than twig extract. Further fractionation of most active fraction and following antifungal assay showed that its anti-fungal activity might be caused by synergism if its components. It was suggested that Viscum album var. coloratum shows significantly antifungal activities against E. nitschkei and T. rubrum. Further examination is needed to find out more exact active compounds.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.295-301
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• 2012

This study was carried out to determine the biological activities of Wa-song (Orostachys japonicus) hot water extracts. Four types of extract samples were prepared, including Wa-song, traditional plants mixture [PM; mixture of Baekbokryung (Poria cocos), Changchul (Atractylodis rhizoma), and Sa-in (Amomum xanthoides)], and two different ratio composites of these (mixture of PM and Wa-song extract, 1:1 (v/v); PMO-1 and 1:3 (v/v); PMO-3). Their biological activities were measured using various in vitro assays. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of PM were higher compared to those of Wa-song, and those of PMO-1 were higher than those of PMO-3. Further, PMO-1 contained higher ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, and nitrite scavenging activities than PMO-3. On the contrary, PMO-3 contained higher tyrosinase and inhibitory activities of MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells than PMO-1. According to the results, biological activities of PMOs were significantly higher than those of Wa-song extract and PM in in vitro assays. Therefore, we expect that PMOs could show higher biological activities than Wa-song extract alone in vivo.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.509-516
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• 2011

The antioxidant and anticancer activities of leaves and stems from Gaeddongssuk (Artemisia annua L.) were investigated. The leaves and stems were extracted with water and 80% ethanol, respectively. The antioxidant and growth inhibition activities toward cancer cells by the 4 kinds of extracts were tested. In addition, phenolic compounds from A. annua were identified through quantitative analysis using HPLC. Antioxidant activities significantly increased in a does-dependent manner, and those of water and ethanol extracts of the leaves were stronger than those of the stems. Growth inhibition activities of the leaf extracts on HeLa and AGS cells were higher than those of the stem extracts. In particular, the ethanol extract of the leaves had growth inhibition activities of 61.07% and 57.24% against HeLa and AGS cells, at the concentration of $500\;{\mu}g$/mL, respectively, which were the highest among all the extracts. Phenolic acid and catechin contents of the A. annua extracts as determined by HPLC were higher in the leaves than in the stems. Flavonols were identified only in the leaves. The data suggest that the antioxidant and anticancer activities of A. annua extracts were due to phenolic compounds as well as unknown biological compounds in A. annua.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.252-256
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• 1982

To investigate the influences of biological factors on stored rice and their interactions, the activities of red Hour beetle(Tribolium castaneum) and 2 species of Aspergillus was observed during 6 weeks at $28^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. It was found that the red flour beetle could complete its life cycle on rice in six weeks. Its activity caused the increse of moisture content of rice(max. 1.3%) after 6 weeks, but the number of mold propagule on the surface of stored rice decreased. The growth of red flour beetle showed a stabilizing tendency on rice inoculated with Asp. repens while it was retarded with Asp. niger.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.spc
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• pp.287-290
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• 2011

Environment friendly agricultural material products (EFAMs) in current market were evaluated for their insecticidal or acaricidal activities. EFAMs were evaluated against Tetranychus urticae, Plutella xylostella, Myzus persicae and Nilaparvata lugens in spray method. Several EFAMs indicated high control value in spray method. Hatchability of T. urticae was relatively high after EFAM treatment. some materials show high insecticidal activities against P. xylostella larvae but not against eggs. Few mete rials showed more than 80% insecticidal activities against M. persicae and N. lugen. The control value of more than half the materials for pest control was lower than 60%. EFAMs containing S. flavescens, neem oil and Rape showed higher control value.