• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 1999년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.119-124
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• 1999

A selection methodology of liquid levelmeters, especially, level sensors in non-nuclear category, to be installed in nuclear energy facilities is developed using linguistic fuzzy approaches such as fully-linguistic and semi-linguistic methods. Depending on defuzzification techniques, the linguistic fuzzy methodology leads to either linguistic (exactly, fully-linguistic) or cardinal (i.e., semi-linguistic) evaluation. For the linguistic method, for each alternative, fuzzy preference index is converted to linguistic utility value by means of a similarity measure determining the degree of similarity between fuzzy index and linguistic ratings. For the cardinal method, the index is translated to cardinal overall utility value. According to these values, alternatives of interest are linguistically or numerically evaluated and a suitable alternative can be selected. Under given selection criteria, the suitable selections out of some liquid levelmeters for nuclear facilities are dealt with using the linguistic fuzzy methodology proposed. Then, linguistic fuzzy evaluation results are compared with qualitative result available in the literature. It is found that as to a suitable option the linguistic fuzzy selection is in agreement with the qualitative selection. Additionally, the comparative study shows that the fully-linguistic method using adequate scale system facilitates linguistic interpretation regarding evaluation results.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.538-542
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• 2013

We propose a simple model to elucidate the dispersion behavior of spiraling modes on silver nanowire by finding correspondence parameters and building a simple equivalent relationship with the planar insulator-metal-insulator geometry. The characteristics approximated for the proposed structure are compared with the results from an exact solution obtained by solving Maxwell's equation in cylindrical coordinates. The effective refractive index for our proposed equivalent model is in good agreement with that for the exact solution in the 400-2000 nm wavelength range. In particular, when the radius of the silver nanowire is 100 nm, the calculated index shows typical improvements; the average percentage error for the real part of the effective refractive index is reduced to only 5% for the $0^{th}$ order mode (11.9% in previous results) and 1.5% for the $1^{st}$ order mode (24.8% in previous results) in the 400-800 nm wavelength range. This equivalent model approach is expected to provide further insight into understanding the important behavior of nanowire waveguides.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2019

복잡한 회전 기계의 소음 상태 진단을 위한 다양한 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 진동신호를 이용하여 블로워 모터의 효율적이고 객관적인 소음 상태진단을 위한 지수를 개발하였다. 블로워 모터의 이상 시 가장 흔히 나타나는 소음으로 틱/클릭 소음과 톤 소음이 있다. 발생 원인과 소음 특성에 따라 틱/클릭 소음의 상태 진단에는 시간-주파수 분석법을 그리고 톤 소음 상태 진단에는 주파수 영역에서의 평활화 기법을 이용하였다. 개발한 지수를 이용하여 블로워 모터의 소음 상태 진단을 수행하고 이를 전문가에 의한 진단 결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과 약 95 %의 일치율을 보였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.233-238
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• 1996

이 연구에서는 경기도 양평군 및 광주군에 사는 임산부 899명을 대상으로 IgG-ELISA와 간접 latex 응집반응검사를 시행하여 톡소포자충에 대한 항체가를 측정하였다. IgG-ELISA에서는 0.25 이상을 양성기준으로 하였을 때 음성대조군 218명 중 4명이 양성(1.8%)인 반면 임산부에서는 39 명이 양성으로 검출되어 4.3%의 양성율을 보였다. 간접 latex 응집반응검사는 수의과학연구소에서 만든 킷트(LAT)를 사용하였는데 1:64 희석배수 이상을 양성으로 하였을 때 음성대조군은 모두 음성반응을 보였고 임산부에서는 7명(0.8%)이 양성을 보였다. 임산부중에서 1.8 이상의 반응을 보인 80명을 대상으로 일본제품인 Toxotest-MF를 적용시키고 1:32 이상을 양성의 기준으로 하였을 때 임산부 8명에서 양성반응을 보였다. LAT와 Toxotest-MT의 두 반응간의 일치율은 0.94(${\kappa}-index$ = 0.632. p < 0.01)로 높은 일치율(fair to good agreement)을 보였으므로 LAT는 톡소포자충증의 예비진단에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2018

Background: Millard's rotation-advancement repair, which is used by many surgeons, can make a natural philtral column, but most surgeons use a modification of the rotation-advancement flap. The purpose of this article is to introduce a modification utilized by the authors and to provide detailed surgical procedure. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 82 patients' medical records and presented surgical technique and outcomes. The main features of the authors' strategy are emphasizing horizontal length of the lip, orbicularis oris muscle duplication for improving the definition of the philtral column, overcorrection of domal portion than the non-cleft side in order to compensate for the recurrence during growth. Two judges rated two times the appearance of the patients' nose and lip using Asher-McDade aesthetic index. Intra- and interobserver reliabilities were determined using Cohen's kappa statistics. Results: All patients recovered eventually after surgery; however, two patients have a minor complications (wound infection in one patient, wound disruption due to trauma in the other patient). The improvement of the aesthetic results can be achieved with this modified Millard technique. Total mean scores of the Asher-McDade index was 2.08, fair to good appearance. The intraobserver reliabilities were substantial to almost perfect agreement and the interobserver reliabilities were moderate to almost perfect agreement. Conclusion: We modified Millard method for repair of complete unilateral cleft lip. The surgical outcomes were favorable in long-term follow-up. We hope our technique will serve as a guide for those new to the procedure.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2010

Background : If different cost efficiency indexes were informed to the same clinic depending on the inclusion or exclusion of pharmacy cost, it may impair the reliability of provider-profiling system. This study aimed to investigate whether the omission of pharmacy cost affects cost-efficiency rankings in medical clinics. Methods : Data for ambulatory care cost at 23,112 medical clinics were collected from the claims database, which was constructed after review by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of Korea in April 2007. We calculated two types of cost efficiency indexes by inclusion or exclusion of pharmacy cost for a medical clinic. The agreement between the decile rankings of the two indexes was also assessed using the weighted kappa statistic of Landis and Koch. Results : When the cost efficiency index for total cost including pharmacy cost was compared with the index for total cost excluding it, the agreement between the two indexes was only 55%. The agreements between the two indexes were relatively low within specialties which have larger pharmacy volume of total cost and lower correlation between total cost with or without pharmacy cost included than the average level of all the specialties. Conclusion : These results suggest that the omission of pharmacy cost may result in contradictory outcomes that may be confusing to a medical institution and may impair the reliability of provider-profiling systems. It is very important to standardize profiling criteria for the reliability of provider profiling system.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.333-343
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To compare five indices of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) among adults living in the Mediterranean region. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 100 healthy Lebanese adults aged between 18 and 65 years. Face-to-face interviews to collect sociodemographic and medical information, to take anthropometric measurements, and to fill a validated, culturally adapted, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The score for each item was calculated following the recommendations for each corresponding index. The five MD indices were Mediterranean Diet Scale (MDScale), Mediterranean Food Pattern (MFP), MD Score (MDS), Short Mediterranean Diet Questionnaire (SMDQ), and the MedDiet score. RESULTS: Significant correlations were detected between items with P-values < 0.001. Minimal agreement was seen between MDScale and MedDiet score and maximal agreement between MDS and MedDiet score. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that MDS and MedDiet scores had significant correlations with fiber and olive oil intake, main components of the MD. MDScale showed a significant correlation with waist-to-hip ratio and with total energy intake but none of the five indices was correlated to body mass index (BMI). CONCLUSIONS: The indices that showed the highest correlation with variables related to the MD are the MDScale and the MedDiet score; therefore, they can be used to assess our future study populations. Based on the current results, more than half of the study population was non-adherent to the MD and adherence to this diet did not appear to protect against being overweight ($BMI{\geq}30$).

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2011

목 적: 본원에서 시행된 세기조절방사선치료(IMRT) 환자의 질환별 정도관리(QA) 결과를 통해 오차의 원인과 정도를 확인하고 오차를 줄일 수 있는 개선점을 찾아 임상에 적용하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: IMRT를 시행한 환자 50명(두경부, 28명; 유방, 14명; 골반부, 8명)에 대한 질환별 QA 결과를 분석하였다. 각각의 경우에 대해 film을 이용하여 gamma index를 구하였고, 이온함을 이용한 점 선량을 측정하여 치료계획 시스템의 선량과 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: 점 선량 측정에서는 50명의 환자 중 45명의 환자는 치료 계획된 선량과 측정된 선량의 오차가 ${\pm}3%$ 이내로 오차를 보였다. 최대 오차는 3.6%, 전체 평균 오차 0.17% (SD=2.25%)의 오차율을 보였다. 질환별로 살펴보면 두경부 -0.13% (SD=1.93%), 유방 -0.26% (SD=2.79%), 골반부의 경우 0.24% (SD=2.44%)의 오차율을 보였다. 상대선량 측정에서는 측정된 필름의 Gamma index distance to agreement (DTA) - dose difference (DD) 3 mm-3%의 기준에서 두경부 6%, 유방 10%, 골반부 6%의 오차를 보였다. 등선량곡선 90% 이상의 영역에서는 두경부 2%, 유방 1%, 글반부 0%의 오차를 보였다. 결 론: 치료 위치에 따른 오차의 원인과 개선점을 파악하여 보다 양질의 IMRT를 구축하기 위한 기반을 다질 필요가 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2009

Objectives : We tried to evaluate the agreement of the Charlson comorbidity index values(CCI) obtained from different sources(medical records and National Health Insurance claims data) for gastric cancer patients. We also attempted to assess the prognostic value of these data for predicting 1-year mortality and length of the hospital stay(length of stay). Methods : Medical records of 284 gastric cancer patients were reviewed, and their National Health Insurance claims data and death certificates were also investigated. To evaluate agreement, the kappa coefficient was tested. Multiple logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to evaluate and compare the prognostic power for predicting 1 year mortality and length of stay. Results : The CCI values for each comorbid condition obtained from 2 different data sources appeared to poorly agree(kappa: 0.00-0.59). It was appeared that the CCI values based on both sources were not valid prognostic indicators of 1-year mortality. Only medical record-based CCI was a valid prognostic indicator of length of stay, even after adjustment of covariables($\beta$ = 0.112, 95% CI = [0.017-1.267]). Conclusions : There was a discrepancy between the data sources with regard to the value of CCI both for the prognostic power and its direction. Therefore, assuming that medical records are the gold standard for the source for CCI measurement, claims data is not an appropriate source for determining the CCI, at least for gastric cancer.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.156-163
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• 1997

본 논문은 레이저를 이용한 지상 광통신에 교란대기가 미치는 영향을 해석하기 위한 것으로, 대기의 교란은 밝은 날이나 흐린 날에도 존재한다. 대기 교란으로 인하여 전파해 가는 광선은 빔의 방황, breathing, 신틸레이션이 발생하며 이는 광통신 시스템 성능의 저하를 가져온다. 이를 해석하기 위하여 대기굴절률 구조상수 측정 시스템 및 레이저 다이오드를 이용한 지상 광통신 시스템을 설계하였고. 이를 이용하여 대기의 굴절률 구조상수에 따른 지상 광통신 시스템의 비트 오류률을 이론적으로 유도하고 실험하였으며, 연집 오류와의 관계를 실험을 통해 구하였다.