• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.131-135
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• 1993

Enzyme-linked Immuno sorbent Assay (ELISA) for the serological diagnosis of Brucella abortus was developed and compared with plate agglutination test. Cell wall antigen was extracted from Brucella abortus 1119-3 by sonication and with a sodium deoxychlate solution. Optimum protein concentration of coating antigen were $0.4{\mu}g/100{\mu}{\ell}$ protein on each microtiter plate well. Horse radish peroxidase (HRP) labeled protein-G was used as a tracer of reacted antibodies. ELISA confirmed the agreeable results of 40 cases out of 43 cases by plate aggulutination test. ELISA diagnosed positive cases(10 out of 12) and negative cases (1 out of 12) with dubious sera by plate agglutination test. From this results ELISA could be used for the early diagnostic tools of Brucellosis in cattle.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.239-243
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the status of brucellosis in dairy cattle from five selected dairy farms in the Mohammadpur Beribadh area of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2010 to March 2011 in which a total of 334 serum samples from cattle in five herds were screened by the Rose-Bengal plate-agglutination test (RBPT) and the positives were confirmed using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA). A structured questionnaire was used to collect epidemiological information describing the animals. Overall, 4.20% of the animals were RBPT positive, while subsequent confirmatory tests with I-ELISA revealed that the overall animal-level prevalence derived from the samples was 1.20%. Additionally, the prevalence was relatively higher in females than in males. A significant association was found between abortion, age of the animals, and the occurrence of brucellosis (p < 0.05). Considering the overall low prevalence of brucellosis in the selected farms in the present study, a brucellosis eradication program for dairy farms using a test-and-slaughter policy would be possible.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.651-655
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• 2005

Background : Diagnosing a pulmonary embolism is difficult because its presenting symptoms are nonspecific and there are limitations with all of the objective tests. The D-dimer is known to be a marker of the lysis of intravascular cross-linked fibrin as a result of the activation of the endogenous fibrinolytic pathways, and the D-dimer assay is these an objective method for diagnosing a pulmonary embolism. This study assessed the benefits of the D-dimer test for diagnosing a pulmonary embolism using semiquantitative latex agglutination. Methods : The latex agglutination results of 185 patients were retrospectively reviewed. The D-dimer test was performed at the time a pulmonary embolism was suspected. Ninety patients(group I) were diagnosis with PE through spiral chest CT or a chest CT angiogram, perfusion/ventilation scans, and/or pulmonary angiogram. Ninety-five patients (group II) were found not to have a pulmonary embolism through the above tests. Results : The male to female ratio and mean age in groups I and II was 37:55, and 57 years old to 50:45 and 52 years old, respectively. When the cut off value for a positive D-dimer assay was set to $500{\mu}g$, the sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and specificity was 86.7%, 61.4%, 79.3%, and 48.4%, respectively. Conclusion : The semiquantitative latex agglutination method in the D-dimer test has a lower sensitivity and negative predictive value than the well known ELISA test particularly for small emboli. Therefore, this test is not a suitable screening test for excluding a pulmonary embolism.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.457-462
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to determine appropriate sample size that simulated different assumptions for diagnostic test characteristics and true prevalences when designing serological surveillance plan for pullorum disease and fowl typhoid in domestic poultry production. The number of flocks and total number of chickens to be sampled was obtained to provide 95% confidence of detecting at least one infected flock, taking imperfect diagnostic tests into account. Due to lack of reliable data, within infected flock prevalence (WFP) was assumed to follow minimum 1%, most likely 5% and maximum 9% and true flock prevalence of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% in order. Sensitivity were modeled using the Pert distribution: minimum 75%, most likely 80% and maximum 90% for plate agglutination test and 80%, 85%, and 90% for ELISA test. Similarly, the specificity was modeled 85%, 90%, 95% for plate agglutination test and 90%, 95%, 99% for ELISA test. In accordance with the current regulation, flock-level test characteristics calculated assuming that 30 samples are taken from per flock. The model showed that the current 112,000 annual number of testing plan which is based on random selection of flocks is far beyond the sample size estimated in this study. The sample size was further reduced with increased sensitivity and specificity of the test and decreased WFP. The effect of increasing samples per flock on total sample size to be sampled and optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity of the test for the purpose of the surveillance is discussed regarding cost.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.93-100
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• 1999

Purpose : For evaluation of acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M. pneumoniae) pneumonia in children, we have studied the Mycoplasma indirect particle agglutination test, cold hemagglutinin test, ESR, CRP, and total white blood cell counts and it's differential count retrospectively. Methods : The total numbers of patients whom compatible with diagnostic criteria of acute M. pneumoniae peumonia were 56 cases from Jan. to Dec. 1997. The diagnostic criteria were 1) onset of fever(${\geq}38.0^{\circ}C$) and coughing were within 7 days, 2) rhonchi and/or role was audible on chest, 3) pneumonic infiltration on chest X-ray, and 4) M. pneumoniae indirect particle agglutination test titer was higher than 1:640, or initial titer was less than 1:640 but increased more than 4 folds after week. We classified the enrolled patients according to initial antibody titer, such as soup A(${\leq}1:640$) and group B(${\geq}1:320$). We compared group A and B by demographic findings, clinical symptoms and signs, and laboratory findings. Results : 1) The male and female sex ratio was 1:1.4, and average onset age was $5.8{\pm}2.96$ years. 2) The average body temperature on admission was $38.5{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$ and productive coughing was noticed in 52 cases(93%). 3) The average total white cell counts were $10,470{\pm}877.0/mm^3$ in group B patients, which was significantly higher compared to $7,761{\pm}508.5/mm^3$ in group A(p<0.014). 4) The average value of ESR and CRP were within normal range in both group. 5) The most common site of pneumonic infiltration was right lower lobe of lung in both groups. 6) There were no correlation between antibody titer and cold hemagglutinine titer in patients and cold hemagglutination titer were less than 1:64 in 25 cases(45%). Conclusion : The clinical manifestations of pneumonia, findings of chest x-ray, and indirect particle agglutination test were useful on diagnosis of M. pneumoniae pnumonia onset within 7 days, but cold hemagglutinin test was a little diagnostic meaning.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.209-215
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• 1991

Serological survey were conducted on the leptospiral antibody in domestic animals which were fed in the three rural village occurred human leptospirosis. Names of three villages are Shinnam-li, Shinjeop-li and Jinai-li which are located in near the northeastern part of Yeoju town in Kyunggi province. Total 66 serum samples were collected from the domestic animals in which 12 dairy cows, 10 Korean native cattle, 12 pigs and 32 dogs were included. Leptospiral antibody were detected with 4 different serovars of leptospira living antigens, such as Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae, L. pomona, L. canicola and L. tarassovi by microscopic agglutination test for each serum sample. The results are obtained as follow. 1. All 66 sera collected from the domestic animals at three villages showed negative reaction with 4 different serovars of leptospiral antigen. 2. Only one serum sample taken from a dairy cow in Shinjeop-li showed a weak positive reaction with Leptospira tarassovi. It is suggest that this positive case is not infected with L. tarassovi, but with vaccination. 3. It is indicated that all domestic animals which wen, fed in the villages occured human leptospirosis were not infected with above 4 different serovars of leptospira at least.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.71-75
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• 2015

Porcine salmonellosis is an economically important disease affecting the global pig industry today. Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium is highly contagious and may rapidly spread within pig populations of herd. To investigate the prevalence of porcine salmonellosis in Jeju, a total of 12,885 blood sera of 96 pig farms from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed by microplate agglutination test. Antibodies to S. Typhimurium were detected in all of pig farms tested in Jeju Province, and the mean of seropositive rate of individual pig was 18.8%. The mean seropositive rate of S. Typhimurium in sows (46.7%) was 7 times higher than that of weaned or growing pigs (6.7%). The lowest seropositive rate (3.0%) was detected in 40 day-old pigs, and this result might be closely associated with the marked decrease of maternal passive immunity. The seropositive rate in winter (42.7%) was higher than in other seasons.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.59-61
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• 2011

The prevalence of Toxoplasma (T.) gondii was surveyed using a latex agglutination test (LAT) in native Korean cattle. A blood sample was collected from female 105 cattle in the Daejeon area of Korea. All cattle were asymptomatic and had not received any prophylactic treatment for T. gondii. Blood samples were collected via the caudal vein. The cattle ranged in age from 2~6 years (mean 3.7 years). LAT detected antibody to T. gondii in four of 105 (3.8%) cattle. However, the hazard analysis and critical control point protocol has been applied to cattle farms and beef traceability has been strengthen.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.205-210
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• 1986

Serological investigations for the leptospirosis on hospitalized patients in Choonchun Sungsim Hospital during the periods from August to November 1985 and 841 inhabitants of Kangwondo area including Choonchun, Choonsung, Inje, Chulwon, Hwachun, Gosung, Taibaik, Samchuk and Yangju area were carried out. 1. Among 58 hospitalized patients who were suspected as leptospirosis, 10 patients were detected to have antibody against Leptospira. All of positive sera had the highest antibody titer against serogroup Icterohemorrhagiae and most positive sera were also reactive to serogroup Australis and Canicola. Antibody titer of positive sera detected by microscopic agglutination(MA) test were ranging from 1 : 40 to 1 : 2,560. Antibody titer detected by ELISA method were higher than those detected by MAT(ELISA 1 : 400$\sim$1 : 25,600) and IgM titer of positive sera were generally higher than IgG titer. 2, Of 841 inhabitants in 8 area of Kangwondo, 17 persons (2,02%) possessing antibody against Leptospira were detected by ELISA method, IgG titer in positive sera were generally higher than IgM titer. Persons possessing antibody to Leptospira were distributed in both sex and in various age group, and no significant regional and occupational fluctuations were obserbed.

• Laboratory Medicine Online
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.64-66
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• 2011

Anti-Sd^a is of no clinical significance, because it rarely causes hemolytic transfusion reactions. Even when its presence is suspected during antibody screening test, further identification of the antibody is usually not performed. We experienced a case of anti-Sd^a in 73 yr-old male patient showing mixed field agglutination by microcolumn agglutination. Antibody specificity could not be identified by conventional antibody identification test, and it was proven to be anti-Sd^a by urine neutralization test. In spite of its little clinical significance, it may give incompatible crossmatching results reacting with Sd^a antigen, which occurs at a high frequency in general population. When incompatible crossmatch results arising from anti-Sd^a are suspected, the problem may be solved by using the urine-neutralized serum of in crossmatching test.