• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 선행 연구에서 항당뇨 효능이 확인된 Ceriporia lacerata 균사체 배양물 건조물(CL01)을 3T3-L1 세포에 인슐린과 병용 혹은 단독 처리하여 CL01이 세포 단계에서 인슐린 신호 전달에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분화된 3T3-L1 세포에서 포도당 흡수 정도를 측정한 결과, 인슐린과 CL01을 병용 처리한 군에서 농도 의존적으로 유의적으로 포도당 흡수 정도가 증가하였고, 인슐린 부재 상태에서 CL01을 처리하였을 때는 포도당 흡수 작용이 거의 일어나지 않았음을 확인하였다. 또한 분화된 세포에서 인슐린 신호 전달 관련 단백질 및 mRNA 발현을 측정한 결과, IRβ, Akt, PI3K, AMPK 단백질의 인산화가 진행되었고, GLUT4 mRNA 발현이 증가하였음을 알 수 있었다. 이들 결과를 통해 CL01이 당 대사 및 인슐린 신호 전달에 관여하는 유관 단백질 및 유전자 발현에 영향을 미치며 이에 따라 세포 내로 포도당 흡수를 증가시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 초과 에탄올 추출물을 이용하여 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에서 지방세포로의 분화 연구를 통해 항비만 활성을 확인하고자 하였다. 초과 에탄올 추출물에 의한 지방세포 분화 억제 활성 및 지방형성에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에 분화를 유도하면서 추출물을 농도별로 처리하였고, 그 결과 초과 에탄올 추출물은 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에서 지방세포로의 분화를 농도에 의존적으로 감소시켰다. 이 같은 활성에 대한 작용기전을 알아보기 위해 지방세포 분화에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있는 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ ($PPAR{\gamma}$)와 CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein ${\alpha}$ ($C/EBP{\alpha}$), 그리고 지방세포 분화에 관여하는 유전자들의 활성을 확인해 보았다. 실험 결과 초과 에탄올 추출물은 $PPAR{\gamma}$와 $C/EBP{\alpha}$의 유전자 및 단백질 발현을 유의적으로 감소시켰고 지방세포 분화에 관여하는 adipogenesis marker 유전자들의 발현을 억제 시켰다. 따라서 초과 에탄올 추출물은 지방분화 및 adipogenesis 억제 활성을 통해 항비만 소재로의 가능성이 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2009

A homoisoflavanone, 7,4'-dihydroxyhomoisoflavanone (1) and a flavanone, (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone (2), were isolated from the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides, together with 4,4'-dihydroxychalcon (3), 2'-O-methylphlorethin (4), 1,3-bis-di-p-hydroxyphenyl-4-penten-1-one (5), and 2,4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (6) on the basis of spectroscopic and physicochemical analyses including 1Dand 2D- NMR techniques as well as by comparison of their data with the published values. Compounds 1 - 4 were isolated for the first time from this plant source. Among isolates, compound 2 exhibited moderate inhibitory effect on the differentiation of pre-adipocyte 3T3-L1 cells.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.742-752
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• 2020

Objective: This study investigated the effects of vitamin A (VA) supplementation during late-stage pregnancy on longissimus dorsi muscle tissue development, birth traits, and growth performance of postnatal Korean native calves. Methods: In the preliminary experiment, twenty-six pregnant cattle (initial body weight [BW] = 319 kg (standard deviation [SD] = 30.1; 1st parity) were randomly assigned to the control and treatment groups. The treatment group received VA supplementation at 24,000 IU/d from gestational day 225 until delivery. In the main experiment, twelve pregnant cattle (initial BW = 317 kg [SD = 31.3]; 1st parity) were treated with VA supplementation at 24,000 IU/d (gestational days 150 to 225) and at 78,000 IU/d (gestational day 225 until delivery). Serum VA levels were analyzed in pregnant cattle, and the growth performance, gene expression, and serum VA levels were analyzed in the offspring. Results: Serum VA levels in pregnant cattle decreased the late gestation in both experiments (p<0.001). In the main experiment, pregnant cattle at parturition and offspring at birth in the treatment group had higher serum VA levels than those in the control group (p<0.05). In the treatment groups, an increased birth weight was observed in the main experimental group (p = 0.022), and a tendency (p = 0.088) toward an increased birth weight was observed in the preliminary experimental group. However, no differences were observed in the feed intake, average daily gain, gain-to-feed ratio, or BW of 31-day-old calves. Gene expression was analyzed in longissimus dorsi muscles of 31-day-old calves. VA supplementation in pregnant cattle stimulated postnatal muscle development in offspring by elevating myogenic factor 5 (MYF5), MYF6, and myoblast determination levels (p<0.05). Moreover, preadipocyte-related marker genes such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 and krüppel-like factor 2 were higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: VA supplementation (78,000 IU/d) in late-stage pregnant cattle maintained serum VA levels. In addition, 78,000 IU/d VA supplementation increased the birth weight and expression of genes related to muscle and preadipocyte development in offspring. Overall, 78,000 IU/d VA supplementation in pregnant cattle is beneficial to newborn calves.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2005

펙틴의 비만억제 효과 및 지질저하 효과를 3T3-Ll adipocyte cell culture system과 20% 고지방식이를 섭취시킨 흰쥐에서 살펴보았다 펙틴을 첨가한 3T3-Ll adipocyte cell의 글리세롤 농도는 대조군에 비해 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, leptin의 농도는 83% 유의 적으로 감소하여 (p<0.01) adipose 세포에 지방 축적을 억제하는 효과가 있음이 확인되었다. 흰쥐를 이용한 동물실험에서 실험군간의 식이섭취량에는 차이가 없었으나 20% 지방을 섭취시킨 쥐는 정상식이군에 비해 체중이 50% 증가하였고, 고지방식이에 펙틴을 10%와 20% 첨가시킨 군에서 는 체중이 각각 12% 및 16% 감소하였다. 상대적인 내장지방의 함량(g/100 g body weight)은 ND 4.3 g, ITFD 5.6 g, HFP10은 3.1 g, HFP20은 2.3 g로 펙틴 첨가군의 상대적인 내장 지방 함량이 정상대조군보다 낮아 펙틴의 비만억제 효과가 현저하였다 고지방식이에 의해 상승된 혈장 중성 지질, 총 콜레스테롤 및 LDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 펙틴 첨가에 의해 감소되었고, HDL-콜레스테롤은 증가하여 펙틴의 첨가에 의한 지질 개선 효과가 관찰되었다. 간 및 심장의 지질 농도 역시 고지방식이에 의해 증가하였으나 펙틴의 첨가에 의해 감소되었다. 특히 분변으로의 지질 배설 현상은 펙틴 첨가군에서 현저하게 나타났는데 이러한 펙틴의 효과는 첨가 농도 의존적으로 관찰되었다. 펙틴의 비만 억제 효과내장지방의 축적을 억제하고, 소장에서 지질의 흡수를 방해하여 분변으로의 지질 배설을 촉진시키는 이외에도 다른 생리 활성이 있을 것으로 생각된다. 이상의 결과를 살펴보면 펙틴은 고지방식이를 섭취 하는 경우 복부지방 축적을 억제하는 효과가 체중감소 효과보다 크며 혈장 중성지질, 콜레스테롤 LDL 콜레스테롤을 떨어뜨리고 HDL 콜레스테롤은 상승시키는 효과가 현저한 것으로 나타났다.구 결과, cook-chill생산 시 녹차 추출물의 첨가가 미생물적 품질유지에 효과가 있다고 사료되는 바 본 연구결과를 기초로 급식소에서 음식 생산 시 녹차 추출물 및 천연 항균성 물질 첨가에 따른 미생물적 품질 및 관능적 품질검사를 통한 레시피 개발에 관한 지속적인 연구가 수행되어야 하겠다.다.다리다보니 점심시간을 활용할 수 없게 되는 문제점에 대한 재검토가 필요하다. 따라서 차후 학교급식의 안전성 확보를 위한 급식환경 개선의 일환으로 식당공간 확보 시 신속한 시간 내에 급식이 가능하도록 넓은 공간과 쾌적한 환경의 식당 조성에 대해 관심을 기울여야 할 것으로 사료된다. 이상 여부를 반영하는 임상증상의 빈도가 높은 청소년기 남녀 중학생의 경우 아침과 저녁의 결식빈도 및 외식과 간식의 빈도가 높았고, 아침식사의 질과 체형만족도가 낮은 것으로 나타나 청소년의 건강과 식습관 및 체형만족도가 상호 관련성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 성장기 청소년의 건강 유지를 위하여 바람직한 식습관의 중요성을 재인식할 수 있었으며, 올바른 식습관 확립을 위한 영양교육의 중요성이 재확인되었다.경제적일 것으로 판단된다.er 90 % of good relative dynamic modulus of elasticity due to fineness of formation caused by the increase of the unit powder content and the improvement of flowability, without regard to the replacement of crushed stone fines. Therefore, it can be said that the usage of crushed stone fines can control the strength of super flowing concrete by replacement and reduce heat of hydration.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate inhibitory effects of steamed Polygonatum odoratum extract (POE) on differentiation and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Methods : Polygonatum odoratum (P. odoratum) extract was extracted with ethyl acetate. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in POE were measured for antioxidant activity. The spectrophotometric method was used to determine the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP). MTT assay was examined for cell toxicity, oil red O staining was performed for intracelluar adipogenesis in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Western blot analysis for measurement of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ${\alpha}$ ($C/EBP{\alpha}$), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor${\gamma}$ ($PPAR{\gamma}$) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expressions were performed. Results : The results revealed that POE has antioxidant activities. Contents of total polyphenolics and flavonoids were $50.83{\pm}1.52$ GAE mg/100g dry weight of POE and $17.05{\pm}2.47$ RE mg/100g dry weight of POE, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity, and FRAP in 10 mg/ml concentration were $92.1{\pm}0.6%$, $244.8{\pm}9.0{\mu}M$ Fe(II) and ABTS inhibition in 5 mg/ml concentration was $84.8{\pm}4.1%$. Treatment of POE in adipocytes inhibited the differentiation and adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared to those of vehicle control. Additionally, protein expressions of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ and $PPAR{\gamma}$, major transcription factor for the adipogenic genes, were significantly decreased compared to those of vehicle control (p<0.05). Futhermore, phosphorylation of AMPK was increased in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with POE compared to that of vehicle control (p<0.05). Conclusions : we demonstrate that steamed P. odoratum extract (POE) has potentiating antioxidant activities, inhibits differentiation and lipid accumulation and also induces energy expenditure in adipocytes, which may contribute to antiobesity property.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.366-373
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• 2011

최근 천년초 선인장은 녹차 및 양파와 같은 피토케미칼(phytochemical)에 함유된 페놀성 화합물의 중요한 소재로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 천년초 열수 및 80% 에탄올 추출물의 총 페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량, 항산화 활성(DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력) 및 항비만 활성을 평가하였다. 총 페놀 함량은 천년초 열수 추출물 및 80% 에탄올 추출물에서 각각 $16.52{\pm}3.87$와 $13.44{\pm}0.85$ mg GAE/g로 나타난 반면, 총 폴라보노이드 함량은 80% 에탄올 추출물에서만 778.08 ${\mu}g$ CE/g의 수준으로 검출되었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력과 같은 항산화 활성은 80% 에탄올 추출물이 열수 추출물에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 3T3-L1의 분화 과정 중의 천년초 추출물들은 50, 100, 200 및 400 ${\mu}g$/mL 농도범위에서 세포독성을 보이지 않았으며, 세포내 지방의 축적량을 유의적으로 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 천년초 80% 에탄올 추출물은 열수 추출물에 비해 세포내 지방축적을 억제하는 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 지방세포 분화에 관련된 전사인자($PPAR{\gamma}$) 및 타깃 유전자인 aP2의 발현율도 천년초 추출물에 의해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이들의 결과로 비추어 불 때, 천년초 추출물에 함유된 페놀성 화합물 빛 플라보노이드 화합물들은 $PPAR{\gamma}$의 유전자 발현을 억제하여 지방세포 분화를 억제하거나 항산화 활성이 연계된 항비만 활성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.647-655
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• 2014

Obesity is strongly associated with several metabolic and chronic diseases and has become a major public health problem of worldwide concern. This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics and anti-obesity effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Q180. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 was isolated from the faces of healthy adults and found to have a lipase inhibitory activity of $83.61{\pm}2.32%$ and inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells ($14.63{\pm}1.37%$) at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. The strain was investigated for its physiological characteristics. The optimum growth temperature of L. plantarum Q180 was $37^{\circ}C$. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 showed higher sensitivity to novobiocin in a comparison of fifteen different antibiotics and showed the highest resistance to rifampicin, polymyxin B and vancomycin. The strain showed higher ${\beta}$-galactosidase and N-acetyl-${\beta}$-glucosaminidase activities. It also did not produce carcinogenic enzymes such as ${\beta}$-glucuronidase. The survival rate of L. plantarum Q180 in MRS broth containing 0.3% bile was 97.8%. Moreover, the strain showed a 97.2% survival rate after incubation for 3 h in pH 2.0. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 was displayed resistance to Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus with rates of 55.6%, 38.0% and 47.6%, respectively. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum Q180 has potential as a probiotic with anti-obesity effects.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.903-911
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• 2002

The effects of dietary levan, high-molecular-weight $\beta$-2,6-linked fructose polymer, on adiposity, serum leptin and UCP expression in rats fed high fat diet were studied. The adipose tissue hormone, leptin has been proposed to be involved in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Uncoupling protein (UCP), a mitochondrial protein that uncouples the respiratory chain from oxidative phosphorylation, generates heat instead of ATP, thereby increase energy expenditure. To determine whether the dietary levan may have the anti-obesity effect, 4 wk old Sprague Dawley male rats fed high fat diet for 6 wks to induce obesity, and subsequently fed one of three diets for further 6 wks: 1) high fat (40% of calories) diet without levan 2) with 3% (w/w) levan 3) with 5% levan. For the comparison, control group fed AIN-76A diet. Visceral and peritoneal fat masses were lower in high fat diet with levan groups compared to high fat diet group. The effect of levan was dose-dependent. Adipocyte size was significantly reduced in the levan diet groups compared to the no levan diet group. Serum cholesterol level was not affected by levan containing diet, while the serum HDL cholesterol level was higher in leven diet groups. In addition, serum triglyceride level was markedly reduced by levan containing diet, thus lower than that of control group. Serum leptin was reduced by levan containing diet and lower in 5% levan group compared to 3% levan group (p < 0.001), as a result, serum leptin and insulin levels of 5% levan group were reduced to level of control group. Futhermore, the serum leptin level reflected the adiposity. The expression of UCP 1, and UCP 2 in brown adipose tissue was up-regulated by levan containing diet. In conclusions, levan containing diet reduced adiposity and serum triglyceride but increased UCP expression in the obese rats fed high fat diet. (Korean J Nutrition 35(9) : 903~911, 2002)

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.456-462
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• 2009

Adlay, barley and rice bran were extracted using various concentrations of methanol(10% and 80%) and chloroform : methanol(2 : 1) to examine the biological activities of these raw grains. Extraction with 80% methanol resulted in high Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity(VCEAC), in the order of barley > rice bran > adlay, as determined by DPPH and ABTS assays. In addition, the extracts of adlay and rice bran showed high cellular antioxidant activity in HepG2 cells possibly due to the presence of polyphenol glycosides in these grains. We examined the expression of glucose/fatty acid metabolizing genes in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Glut1 was downregulated after treatment with rice bran and no changes in the expression of Glut4 was observed. In contrast, genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, CD36 and aP2, were upregulated. Since these physiological changes were matched with peroxisome proliferator activating receptor $\gamma$(PPAR $\gamma$) agonism, we suggest that the extracts from adlay, barley and rice bran may play preventive roles against aging and diabetes via antioxidant activity and increased uptake of fatty acids by adipocytes.