• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.562-570
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• 2014

Background Knee disarticulations (KD) are most commonly employed following trauma or tumor resection but represent less than 2% of all lower extremity amputations performed in the United States annually. KDs provide enhanced proprioception, a long lever arm, preservation of adductor muscle insertion, decreased metabolic cost of ambulation, and an end weight-bearing stump. The role for KDs in the setting of arterial insufficiency or overwhelming infection is less clear. The purpose of this study is to describe technique modifications and report surgical outcomes following KDs at a high-volume Limb Salvage Center. Methods A retrospective study of medical records for all patients who underwent a through-knee amputation performed by the senior author (C.E.A.) between 2004 and 2012 was completed. Medical records were reviewed to collect demographic, operative, and postoperative information for each of the patients identified. Results Between 2004 and 2012, 46 through-knee amputations for 41 patients were performed. The mean patient age was 68 and indications for surgery included infection (56%), arterial thrombosis (35%), and trauma (9%). Postoperative complications included superficial cellulitis (13%), soft tissue infection (4%), and flap ischemia (4%) necessitating one case of surgical debridement (4%) and four transfemoral amputations (9%). 9 (22%) patients went on to ambulate. Postoperative ambulation was greatest in the traumatic cohort and for patients less than 50 years of age, P<0.05. Alternatively, diabetes mellitus and infection reduced the likelihood of postoperative ambulation, P<0.01. Conclusions Knee disarticulations are a safe and effective alternative to other lower extremity amputations when clinically feasible. For patient unlikely to ambulate, a through-knee amputation maximizes ease of transfers, promotes mobility by providing a counterbalance, and eliminates the potential for knee flexion contracture with subsequent skin breakdown.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.276-281
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the kinematic motion of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint during an electrical stimulation of abductor hallucis (AbdH) muscle, between the normal group and the hallux valgus (HV) group. Methods: A total of twenty subjects (normal group=10 and HV group=10) participated in this study. The kinematic motions of first MTP joint was measured by using 3-dimensional motion analysis during an electrical stimulation in the sitting position. The intensity of an electrical stimulation was set to be tolerated in each subject, and the data of kinematic motions were collected in three trials of 5 seconds. An independent t-test was used to compare the angle of flexion and abduction of the first MTP joint and proximal phalanx in frontal plane, between the normal and HV groups. Results: Participants showed that the angle of flexion was significantly greater in the HV group ($13.12{\pm}10.61^{\circ}$), compared to that of the normal group ($10.17{\pm}2.31^{\circ}$); and the angle of abduction was significantly smaller in the HV group ($10.61{\pm}4.99^{\circ}$) than that of the normal group. Also, the angle of the proximal phalanx in frontal plane was significantly smaller, compared to the normal group ($53.42{\pm}10.70^{\circ}$) (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that dysfunction of AbdH muscle is apparent in HV deformity and provide insight into potential risk factors for the development of HV deformity.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제6권3_4호
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• pp.101-111
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• 1973

생 전복을 액체질소동결, 송풍동결, 반송풍동결, 정지공기동결의 네가지 동결방법으로 동결하여 $-20^{\circ}C$에서 3개월간 저장하여 동결방법에 의한 전복근육의 물성적 변화, 단백질의 변성 등을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 생전복의 사후경직은 다른 어류보다 빨랐다. 2) 압측시험치, 전단시험치는 액체질소동결을 제외하고는 동결방법에 의한 차는 없었고, 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 약간 감소하였다. 3) 염가용성질소는 동결저장기간중 용출량이 완만하게 감소하였다. 4) 유리수의 유출량은 패주와 다리 사이에는 차가 있었고, 저장기간중 패주는 유리수가 증가하는 경향이었다. 5) Texture의 Panel test 결과 저장기간을 통하여 Texture가 감소하는 경향이었으며, Texture의 변화는 유리수의 변화(P<0.01), 단백질의 변성(P<0.05), 압축시험치의 변화(P<0.05)와 유의의 상관관계가 있었다. 본 논문을 지도하여 주신 동경수산대학 교수 전중 화부 박사 그리고 논문의 작성에 조언해 주신 부산 수산대학 식품공학과 이응호 박사님께 감사의 뜻을 표한다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2017

Objective: Swimming and water-based exercise (WE) programs can provide vigorous physical activity in a fun and a motivating environment. The properties of water, may make it easier for children with cerebral palsy (CP) to move and to participate in an WE program. The aims of this study was to evaluate the effect of WEs on postural control in children with spastic CP. Design: Quasi-experimental design (one group pretest-posttest design). Methods: Twenty preschoolers with spastic CP participated in this study. Prior to the application, sufficient warm-up training was performed to allow the subjects to adapt to the water. Afterwards, three different types of underwater leg exercises for the flexor, extensor, and adductor/abductor of muscles of the lower limb were performed. The WE program lasted during 8 weeks, with one-40 minute sessions per week (8 training session). The usual care was performed during the training session. The Korean-trunk control measurement scale (K-TCMS) and weight distribution variability (difference of both Fz) were measured before and after training session. Results: According to the results, the K-TCMS scores of the three sub-levels, including static sitting, dynamic sitting, and dynamic reaching, was significantly increased after the training session (p<0.05). Also, the weight distribution variability was significantly decreased after 8 weeks (p<0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that WEs may improve the postural control ability in children with spastic CP. Furthermore, we support the need for additional research on the effect of WE on gait or activity of daily living performance with a control group included.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2016

본 연구는 복부 동시수축 형태에 따라 하지의 근활성도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상자는 허리와 하지에 통증이 없고, 근골격계에 이상이 없는 건강한 20대 여성 30명을 대상으로 진행하였다. 복부 이완(Rest), 복부 당기기 기법(ADIM), 복부 브레이싱 기법(ABM)을 유지하는 각 자세에서 무릎의 굽힘없이 발을 능동적으로 바닥으로부터 20cm 올린 상태(ASLR)로 약 10초간 유지하도록 하여 하지의 5개 근육(중간볼기근, 엉덩긴모음근, 넙다리곧은근, 넙다리두갈래근, 앞정강근)의 근활성도를 측정하였다. 연구결과, Rest에서 ASLR을 유지하였을 때보다 ADIM 수축형태로 ASLR 유지할 때 하지의 모든 근육에서 근활성도가 높게 나타났다. 또한 Rest에서 ASLR을 유지하였을 때보다 ABM 수축형태로 ASLR을 유지하였을 때 중간볼기근을 제외한 나머지 근육에서 모두 근활성도가 높게 나타났다. ADIM과 ABM을 비교한 결과 중간볼기근과 앞정강근은 ADIM 수축형태에서, 엉덩긴모음근, 넙다리곧은근, 넙다리두갈래근은 ABM 수축형태에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 근활성도가 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과로 체간중심 안정화 운동이 필요한 요통 환자의 선제적 복부 수축형태로서 뿐만 아니라 하지의 선택적 근력강화가 필요한 환자들에게 개별화된 방법으로써 근거를 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 파킨슨 환자들에게 일상생활 속에서 빈번히 수행되는 방향전환 동작 중에 작용하는 하지의 운동학 및 근육의 활동을 규명하는데 있다. 호엔야르 $1.5{\sim}4$척도의 60대 파킨슨 환자 7명이 본 실험에 참여하였다. 실험실 바닥에 직선($0^{\circ}$) 및 방향전환($60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$) 보행로를 만들었다. 보행로에 5cm 넓이의 검은색 접착테이프를 붙여 놓아, 그 경로를 따라 무작위 순서로 지나가도록 하였다. 하지의 운동학적 변인을 측정하기 위해 해당부실에 21개의 마커를 부착하였으며, 근전도 변인을 측정하기 위해 우측 하지의 장내전근, 중둔근, 대둔근, 대퇴이두근, 대퇴직근, 비복근, 전경골근에 전극을 부착하였다. 방향전환 각도별(4수준: $0^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$)로 얻은 하지의 운동학 및 근전도 변인의 차이를 규명하기 위하여 반복이 있는 일원 변량 분석을 실시하였다. 파킨슨 환자들은 방향전환시 활보장과 보간을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 하지에 작용하는 근육활동에는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

Background: To improve lumbo-pelvic stability, passive support devices (i.e., a pelvic belt) are recommended clinically. Nevertheless, to understand the influence of passive support on lumbo-pelvic stability, it is necessary to examine the influence of a pelvic belt on the abdominal and hip abductor muscles. Objects: To examine the effects of a pelvic belt on the forces of the hip adductor and abductor muscles and activity of the abdominal muscles during isometric hip adduction and abduction. Methods: This study recruited 14 healthy men. All subjects performed isometric hip adduction and abduction with and without a pelvic belt in a neutral hip position. Load cells, wrapped with a non-elastic belt, were placed above the medial and lateral malleoli of the dominant leg to measure the muscle forces of the hip adductors and abductors, respectively. The forces of the hip adductors and abductors were measured using a load cell during isometric hip adduction and abduction, while the electromyographic activities of the bilateral rectus abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique muscles were measured. Results: The forces generated by the hip adductors and abductors were significantly greater with the pelvic belt than without (p<.05). No significant differences in abdominal muscle activities between the two conditions were found (p>.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that use of a pelvic belt could lead to effective strengthening exercise of hip muscles in individuals with sacroiliac joint pain.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2003

Purpose: MEPs elicited by transmagnetic stimulations of the motor cortex are facilitated by voluntary muscle contraction. We evaluated the effects of the imagination of the movements on latencies of MEPs and reciprocal inhibition by using transmagnetic stimulations. Methods: Twenty two healthy volunteers(eight men and fourteen women) were studied. TMSs were delivered at rest and during imagining abducting or adducting right thumb. A stimulator with a round coil and a fixed intensity of 80% of maximum was used to evoke MEPs. MEPs were evoked by magnetic stimulations over the scalp and cervical spine(C7-T1), and central motor conduction times(CMCT) were calculated by subtracting the latency of compound muscle action potentials(CMAPs) obtained by stimulating over the cervical spine from that obtained by stimulating over the scalp. The motor evoked potentials were recorded from right abductor pollicis brevis muscle(APB) and adductor pollicis muscle(AP) simultaneously. Results: Imagination of abduction resulted in a shortened latency of the CMAPs in APB, and a prolonged latency in AP. Imagination of adduction resulted in a shortened latency in AP, and a prolonged latency in APB. But the imagination caused no significant change in the latency of CMAPs elicited by stimulation over cervical spine. Therefore, the changes of the CMCTs account for these latency changes with imagination of movement. With the imagination of abduction, there are significant reduction of the CMCT's in APB(10.8%) and prolongation in AP(5.8%). On the other hand, with the imagination of adduction, prolongation of the CMCT's in APB(7.3%) and reduction in AP(5.9%) were observed. Conclusion: These findings indicate that imagination of muscle contraction increases the excitability of the human corticospinal system. Reciprocal inhibition may be accountable for the prolonged latency in the antagonist muscle.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2004

상업적 가치가 높고 양식 가능성이 있는 백합과 5종을 대상으로 RAPD방법을 이용한 개체간의 유전적 유연관계를 조사하였다. DNA 추출은 protein K-phenol방법을 사용하여 각 종의 후폐각근에서 추출하였다. RAPD-PCR결과 15개의 primer들이 증폭되었고, 그들로부터 각각 1-3개의 band를 볼 수 있었다. 백합과 5종간 유전적 유사도는 살조개와 바지락간에는 0.84, 개조개와 백합간에는 0.87로 각각의 두 종간에는 놓은 유사도를 보였고, 가무락조개는 살조개와 바지락간에 0.78의 유사도를 보였으며, 개조개와 백합, 살조개, 바지락, 가무락조개간에는 0.46의 비교적 낮은 유전적 유사도를 보였다. RAPD 방법으로 종내개체 유전변이를 파악하기는 힘들어도, 양식이나 자원증식을 위한 패류의 우수형질 선택에 있어 기본 정보를 제공 할 수는 있을 것이다. 또한, 살조개 대량종묘생산의 방법은 유전적 유사도가 가장 가까운 바지락을 중심으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of contralateral hip adduction (CHA) on the muscle activity of lumbar stabilizers and the angle of pelvic lateral tilting during hip abduction in side lying. Twenty healthy male subjects with no medical history of lower extremity or lumbar spine disorders were recruited for the study. Subjects randomly performed preferred hip abduction (PHA) and hip abduction with contralateral hip adduction in side lying. The muscle activities of the dominant side rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, quadratus lumborum, gluteus medius, and non-dominant side hip adductor longus were measured during PHA and CHA by using a surface electromyography (EMG) system. Pelvic lateral tilting motion was measured by using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Data on EMG and pelvic motion were collected at the same time during PHA and CHA. A paired t-test was used to compare EMG activity and the angle of pelvic lateral tilting in the two exercises. The study found that the EMG activities of all muscles were more increased significantly in CHA than PHA condition. The angle of pelvic lateral tilting was more decreased significantly in CHA than PHA condition. These findings suggest that CHA could be recommended as a hip abduction exercise for activating lumbar stabilizers and decreasing compensatory pelvic lateral tilting motion.