• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

We have synthesized $^{99m}$Tc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3)-biocytin as a new imaging agent for hepatobiliary scintigraphy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of $^{99m}$Tc-MAG3-biocytin scintigraphy in differentiating carbon tetrachloride ( $CCl_4$)-induced hepatotoxicity from $\alpha$-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis in mice, which reflecting the differential diagnosis of neonatal jaundice caused by neonatal hepatitis from congenital biliary atresia in humans. Methods: Balb/c mice (female, 20 g, n=4-6) were pretreated with $CCl_4$(0.5 or $1.0m\ell$/kg) and ANIT ($150 or 300 m\ell$/kg) 18 h before scintigraphy. Biochemical and histopathological examinations showed a pattern of typical acute hepatitis (increase of transaminases and hepatocellular necnsis) in $CCl_4$-treated mice and cholestasis (increase of alkaline phosphatase and ${\gamma}$-glutamyltransferase, and biliary hyperplasia) in ANIT-treated mice, respectively, Mice were fasted at least 4 hr prior to the intravenous injection of $^{99m}$Tc-MAG3-biocytin (18.5 MBq/20$\mu\textrm{g}$) in 2% human serum albumin in saline. Scintigraphy was performed with a ${\gamma}$-camera equipped with a 1-mm diameter pin-hole collimator for 30 min and images were acquired every 15 s. We compared the values of physical parameters, such as peak liver/heart ratio ($${\gamma}$_{max}$) and peak ratio time ($t_{max}$) far $^{99m}$Tc-MAG3-biocytin scintigraphy. Results: Scintigraphic parameters of the $CCl_4$-pretreated (0.5 $m\ell$/kg) group showed a 81.9% decrease of r$_{max}$, and 42.2% decrease of $t_{max}$, whereas the ANIT-pretreated ( $150m\ell$/kg) group showed a 53% decrease of $r_{max}$, and 2.36-fold increase of $t_{max}$, (P<0.05). These results demonstrate that the decrease of $r_{max}$ and the shortening of $t_{max}$ are characteristic features for hepatotoxicity, in contrast to the increase of $t_{max}$ and decrease of $r_{max}$ for biliary hyperplasia. Conclusion: $^{99m}$Tc-MAG3-biocytin hepatobiliary scintigraphy can distinguish hepatitis from cholestasis in mice model and may be similarly useful in humans which differentiating the cause of neonatal jaundice in clinical study.cal study.cal study.cal study.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.170-174
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• 2014

식중독 유발 바이러스인 HAV는 제 1군 감염병원으로 규정되면서 감염 시 원인식품을 빠르게 분석하게 되었으며 그로 인해 정확하면서 빠른 검출기술을 요구하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 HAV에 오염된 상추에서 신속하게 바이러스를 검사하기 위해서 IMS를 통하여 신속하게 HAV를 순수 분리 및 농축하였고, 형광물질인 quantum dot을 활용하여 형광검출을 실시하였다. 또한 일반적으로 바이러스 농축에 사용되는 PEG 농축방법과 비교하였을 때 검출능은 유사한 결과를 얻었으나, 농축시간 면에서는 IMS를 통한 방법이 효과적이었다. 또한 IMS 방법으로 확보된 항원을 Quantum dot을 활용하여 10분 이내에 바이러스를 검출할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 제시된 검출기반은 식품 유통 과정 중 다양한 식중독 바이러스로부터 소비자를 보호 할 수 있는 검사방법으로 활용될 수 있다고 기대된다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2014

Purpose: Gallbladder (GB) wall thickening can be found in various conditions unrelated to intrinsic GB disease. We investigated the predisposing etiologies and the outcome of acalculous GB wall thickening in children. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 67 children with acalculous GB wall thickening who had visited our institute from June 2010 to June 2013. GB wall thickening was defined as a GB wall diameter > 3.5 mm on abdominal ultrasound examination or computed tomography. Underlying diseases associated with GB wall thickening, treatment, and outcomes were studied. Results: There were 36 boys and 31 girls (mean age, $8.5{\pm}4.8years$ [range, 7 months-16 years]). Systemic infection in 24 patients (35.8%), acute hepatitis in 18 (26.9%), systemic disease in 11 (16.4%), hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in 4 (6.0%), acute pancreatitis in 3 (4.5%), and specific liver disease in 3 (4.5%) predisposed patients to GB wall thickening. Systemic infections were caused by bacteria in 10 patients (41.7%), viruses in 5 patients (20.8%), and fungi in 2 patients (8.3%). Systemic diseases observed were systemic lupus erythematosus in 2, drug-induced hypersensitivity in 2, congestive heart failure in 2, renal disorder in 2. Sixty-one patients (91.0%) received symptomatic treatments or treatment for underlying diseases. Five patients (7.5%) died from underlying diseases. Cholecystectomy was performed in 3 patients during treatment of the underlying disease. Conclusion: A wide range of extracholecystic conditions cause diffuse GB wall thickening that resolves spontaneously or with treatment of underlying diseases. Surgical treatments should be avoided if there are no definite clinical manifestations of cholecystitis.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2012

2003년부터 2007년까지 서울지역 집단식중독 환자에 대하여 RT-PCR을 이용하여 노로바이러스를 검출하였으며, 총 4,685건 중 노로바이러스가 383건(8.2%)이 검출되었다. 식중독 발생 사례는 2003년부터 2007년까지 57사례가 발생하였다. 계절별 유행양상은 겨울철에 가장 많이 검출되었다. 섭취장소별 유행양상은 학교급식 중 위탁경영에 의한 발생이 32%로 나타났으며, 일반음식점에 의한 발생이 29%로 나타났다. 본 연구는 서울지역 노로바이러스성 식중독 관리를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권3호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2016

A 59-year-old man presented with acute dyspnea following sudden productive cough and expectoration of a full cup of "blood-tinged" sputum. He had been diagnosed with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma and had received transarterial chemoembolization 5 years ago for a 20-cm hepatic mass; he denied any history of hematemesis and the last esophagogastroduodenoscopy from a year ago showed absence of varix. Chest computed tomography (CT) with angiography showed new appearance of right basal lung consolidation but no bleeding focus. Despite the use of systemic antibiotics, the patient developed respiratory failure on day 7 of hospitalization. After intubation, a massive amount of brown sputum with anchovy-paste-like consistency was suctioned via the endotracheal tube. Bronchoscopic toileting was performed and the patient was extubated. In the ward, he continued to expectorate the brown sputum. On day 25 of hospitalization, a repeat CT scan showed simultaneous disappearance of the pneumonic consolidation and the necrotic fluid within the hepatic mass, suggesting the presence of a fistula. He has continued to receive systemic antibiotics, sorafenib, and entecavir, and follow up by respiratory and hepato-oncology specialists.

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2012

Alnus japonica Steud (A. japonica) have long been used in the traditional medicine for gastric disorder, hepatitis and fatty liver in Korea. Antiulcer effects of A. japonica hot water extract (AJ ext) were evaluated by in vitro antibacterial activity against H. pylori, by the inhibitory action against the in vitro gastric $H^+/K^+$-ATPase and using rat models of gastric mucosal damage and gastric ulcer induced by HCl-ethanol, indomethacin, and restraint and water-immersion stress. For the determination of antibacterial activity of AJ ext against H. pylori, the activity of urease which released from H. pylori was measured in culture. AJ ext showed weak antibacterial activity against H. pylori with the growth inhibitions of 37% and 61% by adding final concentrations of 500 and $1000{\mu}g/ml$ culture, respectively at 24 h. To observe the inhibitory activity of AJ ext against the $H^+/K^+$-ATPase in hog gastric membrane vesicle, $IC_{50}$ value of AJ ext was $806.3{\mu}g/ml$. Pretreatment of AJ ext (200, 500 mg/kg, p.o.) prevented in a dose-dependent manner the acute gastritis in HCl-ethanol model and the formation of gastric ulcer in indomethacin model and restraint and water-immersion stress model. These results suggest that the AJ ext can be used for prevention and treatment of gastric mucosal damage and ulcers induced by various stress.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2011

2009년부터 2010년까지 서울지역에서 산발적으로 발생한 급성위장관염 환자에 대하여 효소면역측정법(ELISA)을 이용하여 로타바이러스를 검출하였다. 총 1,916건 중 로타바이러스는 354건(18.4%)이 검출되었다. RT-PCR을 이용하여 유전자형 분석을 실시한 결과 P6G[4] (35%), P8G[3] (28%), P8G[1] (24%), P4G[2] (10%), P8G[9] (3%)로 나타났다. 서울지역 지하수 70지점을 대상으로 효소면역측정법을 이용하여 로타바이러스를 조사한 결과 2 지점에서 양성으로 검출되었으며, RT-PCR을 이용하여 유전자형 분석을 실시한 결과 P8G[3]로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 서울지역 로타바이러스 질환의 예방을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.473-479
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of luteolin and luteolin-7-O-glucoside were compared in galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatitic ICR mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male ICR mice (6 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups: normal control, GalN/LPS, luteolin, and luteolin-7-O-glucoside groups. The latter two groups were administered luteolin or luteolin-7-O-glucoside (50 mg/kg BW) daily by gavage for 3 weeks after which hepatitis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of GalN and LPS (1 g/kg BW and $10{\mu}g/kg\;BW$, respectively). RESULTS: GalN/LPS produced acute hepatic injury by a sharp increase in serum AST, ALT, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ levels, increases that were ameliorated in the experimental groups. In addition, markedly increased expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and its transcription factors, nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ and activator protein (AP)-1, were also significantly attenuated in the experimental groups. Compared to luteolin-7-O-glucoside, luteolin more potently ameliorated the levels of inflammatory mediators. Phase II enzymes levels and NF-E2 p45-related factor (Nrf)-2 activation that were decreased by GalN/LPS were increased by luteolin and luteolin-7-O-glucoside administration. In addition, compared to luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside acted as a more potent inducer of changes in phase II enzymes. Liver histopathology results were consistent with the mediator and enzyme results. CONCLUSION: Luteolin and luteolin-7-O-glucoside protect against GalN/LPS-induced hepatotoxicity through the regulation of inflammatory mediators and phase II enzymes.

• 대한이식학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.108-112
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• 2018

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a major complication after ABO-incompatible liver transplantation. According to the 2016 Banff Working Group on Liver Allograft Criteria for the diagnosis of acute AMR, a positive serum donor specific antibody (DSA) is needed. On the other hand, the clinical significance of the histological findings of AMR in the absence of DSA is unclear. This paper describes a 57-year-old man (blood type, O+) who suffered from hepatitis B virus cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma. Pre-operative DSA and cross-matching were negative. After transplantation, despite the improvement of the liver function, acute AMR was observed in the protocol biopsy on postoperative day 7; the cluster of differentiation 19+ (CD19+) count was 0% and anti-ABO antibody titers were 1:2. This paper presents the allograft injury like AMR in the absence of DSA after ABOi living donor liver transplantation with low titers of anti-ABO antibody and depleted serum CD19+ B cells.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2019

8세 남아가 호흡곤란과 기면증을 보이며 응급실에 내원하였다. 극도의 호흡부전을 보이고 있었고 고유량의 산소 공급을 함에도 불구하고 88-90%로 밖에 유지되지 않았고 단순 흉부 방사선 검사에서 전 폐야에 불투과도가 증가하였고 중등도의 흉수를 보였다. 마이코플라스마 폐렴 진단 하에 정맥 macrolide 를 포함한 항생제 치료를 시작하였으나 2병일 째 간, 신장에 다기관 부전 및 급성 호흡부전 증상을 보였다. 정맥-정맥 체외순환막성산소화기를 삽입하였고 지속적 신대체요법도 병행하였다. 18병일 째 성공적으로 체외순환막성산소화기에서 이탈하였고 저산소성 뇌 손상 없이 성공적으로 치료되었기에 본 사례를 보고한다.