• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.182-189
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• 2008

In private and public construction works, cost estimation and site productivity management are based on designed labor quantities calculated by the Standard Quantities per Unit (SQU). The designed labor quantities are regarded as the basis for insurance costs and safety and environmental costs and also affect the progress measurement of construction works. Even though the designed labor quantities from the SQU has been considered to be different from actual labor quantities put to construction works, there is no research that empirically analyzes the statistical differences. This study analyzes actual labor quantities of form workers, steel-bar fabricators, concrete pourers in reinforced concrete works of the 43 apartment projects, and compares the actual labor quantities to labor quantities from the SQU. It goes further to scrutinize the critical reasons underlying the differences through a survey on 65 practitioners and interviews with 32 site managers and supervisors. The regression models of labor quantities of the apartment concrete work produced by the present study will contribute to reasonable construction contracts based on the past actual costs and practical site management by the actual labor quantities.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.110-118
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• 2015

The standard production unit system is the most basic element in our country construction. However, this standard production unit system shows a large difference in the actual amount of labor input for works at the Apartment housing construction, Therefore, it may be a reasonable alternative to estimate the cost of construction by historical cost data, works will be calculated the cost of labor must determine the exact amount and It is necessary to determine the exact amount of labor input for the construction progress management. This study examines the results of comparing the standard production unit system and the actual amount of labor counting in apartment housing construction was completed in the metropolitan area since 2000, the following results were obtained. the actual amount of labor input are looked for 1.184person/1000 of masonary, $0.084persons/m^2$ of plaster, $0.039persons/m^2$ of Waterproofing, $0.059persons/m^2$ of tile at the Apartment housing construction. in the actual amount of labor counting Compared with standard production unit system, masonry ratio of 59.8%, plaster ratio of 41.3%, waterproofing ratio of 31.5%, tile ratio of 34.3% and The labor rate in the works was the lowest in the plaster. was relatively high in the masonary. Therefore, the amount of labor country apartment housing construction is preferably calculated on historical cost data. But it seems that the amount of labor necessary complement ongoing close enough to the actual standard production unit system a major variable in construction management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.103-104
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• 2015

Process management of reinforced concrete construction that many labor quantity and cost is put at a construction site is very important and gives a lot of influence on the subsequent process. Thus, there will be only used as a useful tool for process control by medical facilities and trend analysis of the flow of the process by the amount of labor input and productivity in reinforced concrete construction. productivity by type and quantity, and comparative analysis. In addition, it is necessary to calculate the standard of estimate and real commitment to labor productivity by type and quantity, and comparative analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2016

The amount of labor input in a construction project is used as source data to estimate construction cost and to understand the productivity of the construction industry. However, there is a significant difference between the standard of estimation and the actual amount of labor input, and a plan is needed to resolve this problem. For this reason, to establish a system with which the actual amount of labor input can be inputted in a more accurate and simpler manner, a new method is proposed in this study. In the new method, a digital pen is used to minimize the difference from traditional handwriting on paper using a pen, and eliminate the redundant input of information. This study is expected not only to reduce the actual amount of labor input but also to contribute to the productivity of construction cost estimate through the sharing or utilization of the information on the web.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.8
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• pp.23-36
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual condition of labor during the marriage by estimating the total labor-time of husband and wife and to prove the contribution of labor-time to household. The statistical life-time research data of Bureau of Statistics were used to prove the overwork of wives compared with husbands during the marriage. The result of the study can help to prove the wife's contribution of labor-time to household.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.136-144
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• 2020

Previous studies report that labor investment inefficiency occurs as the information asymmetry becomes severe and the agency problem between managers and external investors increases. Therefore, it is highly likely that managers will make opportunistic decisions that can damage corporate value in companies with high labor investment inefficiency. This study examines whether the value relevance of accounting information decreases as labor investment inefficiency increases as it is less likely that investors in the market use the accounting information of companies in which labor investment decisions are made inefficiently. Labor investment efficiency is measured as the difference between the actual level of labor investment and the expected level of optimal labor investment. Larger difference between the actual level of labor investment and the expected level of optimal labor investment is considered as higher inefficiency in labor investment. Using data of firms listed on the Korea Stock Exchange from 2002 to 2018, empirical results show that the value relevance of earnings decreases as the inefficiency of labor investment increases. This research provides empirical evidence on whether investment inefficiency in labor, which is an important factor in the competitiveness of a company, reduces the information usefulness of reported earnings.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 1981

This paper grasped the labor productivity actual condition by the standard of per unit working hour and production about the main products of our country's industrial the main materials and could understand the average of our country's labor productivity as compared this with the labor productivity actual condition of Japan. As the point at issue of analitical result. 1. Low a matter of thinking about productivity. 2. Have a lot of difficult problem in an industrial part. 3. Have the point at issue on technical development and accumulation. 4. Have the point at issue on management. As a countermeasure about these. 1. must convert the way of use of industrial policy. 2. must make a housing development and special serialization of a small and medium enterprise. 3. must establish an organic technical development system. 4. must grope the policy of management rationalization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2009.05b
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• pp.171-174
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• 2009

The standard estimation system, used to estimate the predetermined cost of construction work, is measured by the standard and typical construction methods and field conditions. And the standard estimation system is applied to basic data for the measuring of construction cost, such as the consumed quantity of material, labor hours, and machinery cost. However it does not reflect sufficiently for the diversity and reality of constructions work Therefore, this study is recognized the necessity of new cost estimation models for the rational construction cost estimation. To improve estimation technique and construction ability, it was analyzed labor hours, production volume based on the work crew in construction work.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.11-24
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• 2022

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine how job seekers' spec influence their actual employment especially focusing on the differentiating effects of applicants' specs depending on whether general or decent job employment. Design/methodology/approach - This study conducted analyses on 54,443 samples that incorporated data from the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey for three years (2017-2019) collected by the Korea Employment Information Service. The linear probability model and logit model were used to examine the research questions. Findings - The results analyzed with the hierarchical regression model showed that most job seekers' specs were statistically significant in predicting employment status. Interestingly, there is a difference between the factors predicting employment for a general job and a decent job. This study suggests academic and practical implications for future research in the selection/ recruitment field by clarifying the critical factors to influence applicants' employment. Research implications or Originality The results of this study follow the screening hypothesis which explains that the applicants' specs have significant impacts on actual employment. Also, the dual labor market theory, which explains that applicants' specs differently affect actual employment between general and decent jobs, was reaffirmed.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-55
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• 1989

Today, about 99% of total import and export cargo in Korea is being transported through the port. The general trends of cargo handling show increases in capacity and speed, In order to cope with these trends, it is not only required to raise the efficiencies of port operation and function but also necessary to decide the optimal amount of the skilled labor force for cargo handling in the port. Cargo handling in the port is basically relied on the cargo handling facilities. Therefore, it is very important to reserve the amount of labor force for cargo handling system has been developed up to a certain level but the personnel management system which is the superior structure has not been followed well. In this study, therefore, we show a method to determine the required amount of labor force for cargo handling considering the amount of cargo and type of cargo handling work per each cargo, and the optimal amount labor force in cope with the fluctuation of the basic cargo handling labor force with respect to the time of in and out cargo flow in the viewpoint of minimizing the expences due to reservation of extra labor force than needed and firing employment of labor force using the Dynamic Programming. The derived algorithm is introduced into the computer simulation for Pusan port with the analyzed real data such as amount of cargo handling in the port with respect to working hour, cargo capacity, working step, the ratio of cargo handling facility and actual number of workers and we estimated the required labor force. As a result of analysis the labor force of Pusan port showed the over-employment such as maximum 21.4%, minimum 8.2% when we assumed that the averages of actual working hours and days were 8 hours in a day and 20 day in a month.