• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2017

Fucoidan increases the chemotactic activity of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) through interleukin (IL)-8 produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). It has been demonstrated that fucoidan can regulate the chemotaxis of PMNs by activating F-actin polymerization. The objectives of this study are to investigate the direct effect of fucoidan on the chemotaxis of porcine PMNs and to examine whether this effect is associated with changes in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity. The chemotactic activity of porcine PMNs was evaluated by modified Boyden chamber assay. Akt phosphorylation activity, a main downstream of PI3K, was measured by Western blotting assay. Fucoidan itself has no chemoattractant effect for PMNs. However, direct treatment of PMNs with fucoidan showed higher chemotactic activity to porcine recombinant (pr) IL-8 than that of PMNs without fucoidan. The increased chemotactic activity of fucoidan-treated PMNs to pr IL-8 was suppressed by treatment of wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3K. Treatment of PMNs with fucoidan also increased Akt phosphorylation level. This increase was also suppressed by wortmannin. These results suggested that fucoidan can upregulate chemotactic activity of porcine PMNs to IL-8, which is associated with PI3K activation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.197-201
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• 1994

A number of 7-[(3-methylthio or methylthiomethyl)pyrrolidiny]qui nolone-3-carboxylic acids were synthesized by condensation of 7-fluoro substituted quinolone-3-carboxylic acid with 3-methylthiopyrrolidine or 3-methylthiomet hylpyrrolidne. 3-Methylthiopyrrolidine or 3-methylthio-methylpyrrolidine which was prepared from N-benzyl-3-hydroxy pyrrolidine or 3-hydroxymethylpyrrolidine. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of them were tested against twenty species of Gram-positive or Gram-negative microorganisms. It showed remarkable antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-positive microorganisms. Among those 1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-7-(3-methylthiomethy-lpyrrolidinyl)-1,4-d ihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid(7d) and 1-cyclopropyl-6- fluoro-8-chloro-7-(3-methylthiomethyl pyrrolidinyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (7f) showed the most potent in vitro antibacterial activity.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-178
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to compare antioxidant activity and total polyphenol contents between before and after fermentation of Ssanghwa-tang according to solvent partition. Ssanghwa-tang was fermented with Lactobacilus fermentum. Ssanghwa-tang and the fermented Ssanghwa-tang were fractioned by solvent partition with ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The Ssanghwa-tangs and their solvent fractions were evaluated for total polyphenol contents and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity as well as the total polyphenol contents were highest in each ethyl acetate fraction and significantly (p<0.05) increased after fermentation.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.610-621
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• 2014

Phenolic compounds such as isoflavones contribute to the antioxidant properties of soybean. This study investigated differences in the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of ten soybean cultivars grown in two different locations in Korea. We observed a wide range of variation in total isoflavone and phenolic content by location and cultivar. The total isoflavone content of cultivars grown at Pyeongchang (sub-highland) was significantly higher than that in cultivars grown at Gangneung (lowland). In contrast, the total phenolic content of cultivars grown at Gangneung was greater than that of cultivars grown at Pyeongchang. The radical scavenging activity of DPPH was similar to that of the total phenolic content rather than that of the total isoflavone content. These results suggest that antioxidant activity of soybean was associated with phenolic compounds rather than isoflavones. To identify the individual antioxidant components, we used an on-line HPLC-$ABTS^+$-based assay system, ESI/MS, and NMR. The results showed that the strongest antioxidant activity was linked to epicatechin.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1729-1734
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• 2008

Chitosan, a cationic polysaccharide, has been widely used as a dietary supplement and in a variety of pharmacological and biomedical applications. The antifungal activity and mechanism of action of low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (LMWS-chitosan) were studied in fungal cells and vesicles containing various compositions of fungal lipids. LMWS-chitosan showed strong antifungal activity against various pathogenic yeasts and hyphae-forming fungi but no hemolytic activity or cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. The degree of calcein leakage was assessed on the basis of lipid composition (PC/CH; 10:1, w/w). Our result showing that LMWS-chitosan interacts with liposomes demonstrated that chitosan induces leakage from zwitterionic lipid vesicles. Confocal microscopy revealed that LMWS-chitosan was located in the plasma membrane. Finally, scanning electron microscopy revealed that LMWS-chitosan causes significant morphological changes on fungal surfaces. Its potent antibiotic activity suggests that LMWS-chitosan is an excellent candidate as a lead compound for the development of novel anti-infective agents.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1667-1671
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• 2021

A new homocysteine thiolactone derivative, thiolactomide (1), was isolated along with a known compound, N-acetyl homocysteine thiolactone (2), from a culture extract of soil-derived Streptomyces sp. RK88-1441. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by detailed NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses with literature study. In addition, biological evaluation studies revealed that compounds 1 and 2 both exert neuroprotective activity against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-mediated neurotoxicity by blocking the generation of hydrogen peroxide in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.309-313
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• 2012

Antiobesity, hypotriglyceridemic and antihypertensive activities of isoflavone-free peptide mixture (black soybean peptide, BSP) were reported in our previous experiments. In the present study, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory (ACEi) activity was decreased in the aorta tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) treated with BSP (1% in drink water) for 4 weeks, but not in serum. BSP administration significantly decreased ACE activity by 17.5% (from $33.2{\pm}4.5$ to $27.4{\pm}1.96$ mUnit/mg, p=0.0013) in aorta tissue hydrolysate. BSP treatment also decreased significantly mean blood pressure (BP) (from $213.0{\pm}16.96$ to $184.0{\pm}6.53$ mmHg, p<0.0001) as expected. These results indicate that BSP has antihypertensive activity as well as ACEi activity.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.111-121
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• 1999

Acne vulgaris, the most common skin disease. can be formed as only a few comedons or severe inflammatory lesions. The pathogenesis of acne involves various factors; excessive androgen, excessive sebum production, abnormal alteration of follicular epithelium, proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes, and inflammation. We investigated acne therapy using oriental herbs described in the Korean traditional medical book (Dong-ui-bo-gam). Oriental herbs (Angleica daurica. Arctium lappa. Coptidis rhizoma, and glycyrrhiza glabra) were chosen based on their respective property of sebum control, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-bacterial activity. We examined the effect of acne treatment, in terms of chemotactic inhibition, lipogenesis inhibition, and anti-bacterial activity for P. acnes. 1. Neutrophil chemotaxis assay ; P acnes secrete chemotactic factors and other pro-inflammatory extracellular products. Neutrophil chemotactic activity of P. acnes was measured by 48-well chemotaxis method. Angelica daurica clearly suppressed chemotactic activity of P. acens. 2. Using sebaceous gland of hamster ear lipogenesis assay; Sebaceous lipogenesis was measured using ear biopsies by incubation of $C^{14}$ -acetate in culture media. The $C^{14}$ -labeled lipids were extracted and determined by liquid scintilation counting, Coptidis rhizoma markedly inhibited sebum production, 3. Anti-bacterial assay for P. acnes (MIC test) Glycyrrhiza glabra showed anti-bacterial activity. P. acnes did not develop resistance against Glycyrrhiza glabra. Retinoids are effectively to inhibit sebum production and regulate follicular keratinization process, with little anti-inflammatory activity. Angelica daurica suppressed neutrophil chemotaxis. Coptidis rhizoma inhibited sebum production, and Glycyrrhiza glabra showed anti-bacterial activity against P. acnes. A combined formulation of Angelica daurica. Coptidisr hizoma and Glycyrrhiza glabra is expected to provide effective acne treatment.ent.ive acne treatment.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2006

Antioxidant activity of the extract fractions from leaves, stems, roots and flowers of Cirsium pendulum Fisch. was investigated. The results showed the greatest antioxidant activities in leaves by Rancimat, TBA and DPPH methods. Extracts of common thistle plants dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity, The extract from flowers and its hexane fraction showed the strongest antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis showed that BuOH fraction of the leaves had the highest amount of antioxidant chlorogenic and p-coumaric acids at 5.38 and 9.71 mg $100\;g^{-1}$, respectively. It implies that common thistle plants had potent antioxidant activity, and their activities were differently exhibited depending on plant part and solvent fraction.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.579-584
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• 1999

Several oxazolidinones having amine moiety were prepared to form a quaternay ammonium salt with cephalosporin nucleus, and antibacterial activity of the quaternary ammonium cephalosporin derivatives bearing oxazolidinone moiety were examined particularly with expectation of dual activity. However, the cephalosporin-oxazolidinone compounds revealed rather weaker antibacterial activity in vitro than their parent oxazolidinone and cephalosporin without showing any characteristic activity as expected.