• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 2013

This study describes structural reliability analysis of actively-controlled structure for which random vibration analysis is incorporated into the first-order reliability method (FORM) framework. The existing approaches perform the reliability analysis based on the RMS response, whereas the proposed study uses the peak response for the reliability analysis. Therefore, the proposed approach provides us a meaningful performance measure of the active control system, i.e., realistic failure probability. In addition, it can deal with the uncertainties in the system parameters as well as the excitations in single-loop reliability analysis, whereas the conventional random vibration analysis requires double-loop reliability analysis; one is for the system parameters and the other is for stochastic excitations. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a numerical example where the proposed approach shows fast and accurate reliability (or inversely failure probability) assessment results of the dynamical active control system against random seismic excitations in the presence of parametric uncertainties of the dynamical structural system.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.438-444
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• 2012

This paper deals with the active and reactive power control of Grid connected system. It was shown that active power and reactive power can be dependently controlled with two individually adaptable parameters. The two parameters are power angle and voltage magnitude. Transient state will occur with active or reactive power reference value variation. This paper presents a new control strategy for active and reactive power control of less interaction and improved transient response. The paper details the control technique by the mathematical and electrical network analysis of the methodology. The performance was verified through computer simulation using MATLAB Simulink and experiment.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.398-406
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• 2015

Purpose: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of sucrose containing 2 different levels of xylooligosaccharide on the glycemic index (GI) and blood glucose response in healthy adults. Methods: Healthy adults (4 male participants and 6 female participants, n = 10) were randomized to receive glucose, sucrose, sucrose containing 7% xylooligosaccharide active elements (Xylo 7), or sucrose containing 10% xylooligosaccharide active elements (Xylo 10). Each participant was administrated one of these materials once a week for 8 weeks and an oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Results: We found a reduction in the glycemic response to sucrose that included xylooligosaccharide active elements (Xylo 7 and Xylo 10). The glycemic indices of sucrose, Xylo 7 and Xylo 10 were 68.9, 54.7, and 52.5, respectively. The GI values of Xylo 7 and Xylo 10 were similar to that of foods with low GI. The percentage reduction of GI value caused by sucrose containing xylooligosaccharide active elements was significantly different and dose-dependent as compared to that caused by sucrose alone (p < 0.05). The reduction in the glycemic response to Xylo 7 and Xylo 10 was 21% and 24%, respectively, as compared to the glycemic response to sucrose. The attenuation of the glycemic response to Xylo 10 tended to be higher than that for Xylo 7 when the percentage of body fat was increased. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that xylooligosaccharide active elements may be effective in protecting humans against overconsumption of sucrose.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.1360-1363
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• 1997

Development and realizatioin of adaptive Active Noise Cntrol used for quieting transformer nosie are planed to provide workers with comfortable working environment and to attenuate the noise for residents in many noisy areas(power plant, power transformer, GIS transformer etc.).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.72-74
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose an adaptive PID controller using a cell-mediated immune response to improve a PID control performance. The proposed controller is based on the specific immune response of the biological immune system that is cell-mediated immunity. The immune system of organisms in the real body regulates the antibody and the T-cells to protect an attack from the foreign materials like virus, germ cells, and other antigens. It has similar characteristics that are the adaptation and robustness to overcome disturbances and to control the plant of engineering application. We first build a model of the T-cell regulated immune response mechanism and then designed an I-PID controller focusing on the T-cell regulated immune response of the biological immune system. We apply the proposed methodology to building structures to mitigate vibrations due to strong winds for evaluation of control performances. Through computer simulations, system responses are illustrated and additionally compared to traditional control approaches.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.79-82
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• 2015

This paper proposes a novel complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) active pixel sensor (APS) and presents its performance characteristics. The proposed APS exhibits a linear-logarithmic response, which is simulated using a standard $0.35-{\mu}m$ CMOS process. To maintain high sensitivity and improve the dynamic range (DR) of the proposed APS at low and high-intensity light, respectively, two additional nMOSFETs are integrated into the structure of the proposed APS, along with a photogate. The applied photogate voltage reduces the sensitivity of the proposed APS in the linear response regime. Thus, the conversion gain of the proposed APS changes from high to low owing to the addition of the capacitance of the photogate to that of the sensing node. Under high-intensity light, the integrated MOSFETs serve as voltage-light dependent active loads and are responsible for logarithmic compression. The DR of the proposed APS can be improved on the basis of the logarithmic response. Furthermore, the reference voltages enable the tuning of the sensitivity of the photodetector, as well as the DR of the APS.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 2022

Older or damaged structures can require significant retrofit to ensure they perform well in subsequent earthquakes. Supplemental damping devices are used to achieve this goal, but increase base shear forces, foundation demand, and cost. Displacement reduction without increasing base shear is possible using novel semi-active and recently-created passive devices, which offer energy dissipation in selected quadrants of the force-displacement response. Combining these devices with large, strictly passive energy dissipation devices can offer greater, yet customized response reductions. Supplemental damping to reduce response without increasing base shear enables a net-zero base shear approach. This study evaluates this concept using two incremental dynamic analyses (IDAs) to show displacement reductions up to 40% without increasing base shear, more than would be achieved for either device alone, significantly reducing the risk of response exceeding the unaltered structural case. IDA results lead to direct calculation of reductions in risk and annualized economic cost for adding these devices using this net-zero concept, thus quantifying the trade-off. The overall device assessment and risk analysis method presented provides a generalizable proof-of-concept approach, and provides a framework for assessing the impact and economic cost-benefit of using modern supplemental energy dissipation devices.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1990.10a
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• pp.783-788
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• 1990

Computer simulation is carried out for passive, active, and semi-active suspension system. Each RMS and frequency response to road profile input is calculated for comparison and evaluation of the performance. The vibration analysis and active control of the quarter model of a vehicle suspension is studied in order to evaluate the alternative control laws. This paper derives an optimal closed-loop feedback law for the semi-active suspension that justifies the clipped optimal approach.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.409-416
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• 2004

An active modal-fuzzy control method using hydraulic actuators is presented for seismic response reduction. In the proposed control system, a new fuzzy controller designed in the modal space produces the desired active control force. This type controller has all advantages of the fuzzy control algorithm and modal approach. Since it is very difficult to select input variables used in fuzzy controller among an amount of state variables in the active fuzzy control system the presented algorithm adopts the modal control algorithm which is able to consider more easily information of all state variables in civil structures that are usually dominated by first few modes. In other words, all information of the whole structure can be considered in the control algorithm evaluated to reduce seismic responses and it can be efficient for especially civil structures. In addition, the presented algorithm is expected to magnify utility and performance caused by efficiency that the fuzzy algorithm can handle complex model more easily. An active modal-fuzzy control scheme is applied together with a Kalman filter and a low-pass filter to be applicable to real civil structures. A Kalman filter is considered to estimate modal states and a low-pass filter was used to eliminate spillover problem. The results of the numerical simulations far a wide amplitude range o f loading conditions and for historic earthquakes having various frequency components show that the proposed active modal-fuzzy control system can be beneficial in reducing seismic responses of civil structures.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.335-342
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• 2018

Micelle-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (MEUF) is a membrane separation processes that improving ultrafiltration process with the formation of micelles of the surface active agents. Surface active agents are widely used to improve membrane processes due to the ability to trap organic compounds and metals in the treatment of industrial waste water. In this study, surface active agents are used to improve micelle-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solid (TDS), turbidity and clogging the membrane in dairy wastewater treatment. Three important operational factors (anionic surface active agent concentration, pressure and pH) and these interactions were investigated by using response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design. Results show that due to the concentration polarization layer and increase the number of Micelles; the anionic surface active agent concentration has a negative effect on the flux and has a positive effect on the elimination of contamination indices. pH, and the pressure have the greatest effect on flux. On the other hand, it could be stated that these percentages of separation are in the percentages range of Nano-filtration (NF). While MEUF process has higher flux than NF process. The results have been achieved at lower pressure while NF process needs high pressure, thus making MEUF is the replacement for the NF process.