• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.769-772
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• 2005

Five DOF motion errors of a hydrostatic bearing table driven by the coreless type linear motor were compensated utilizing the active controlled capillaries in this study. Horizontal linear motion and yaw error were simultaneously compensated using two active controlled capillaries and vertical linear motion, pitch and yaw error were also simultaneously compensated using three active controlled capillaries. By the compensation, horizontal linear motion accuracy and yaw were improved from 0.16 ${\mu}m$ and 1.96 arcsec to 0.02 ${\mu}m$ and 0.03 arcsec. Vertical linear motion accuracy, pitch and roll were also largely improved from 0.18 ${\mu}m$, 2.26 arcsec and 0.14 arcsec upto 0.03 ${\mu}m$, 0.07 arcsec and 0.02 arcsec. The compensated motion errors were within the range of measuring repeatability which was ${\pm}0.02\;{\mu}m$ in the linear motion and ${\pm}0.05$ arcsec in the angular motion. From these results, it is found that the motion error compensation method utilizing the active controlled capillaries are very effective to improve the five motion accuracies of the hydrostatic bearing tables.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 1991

The author studied the changes of subjective, objective symptoms and muscle activities with EM2 (myo-tronics Co., Seattle, USA) before and after MRA therapy. The 11 patients were treated with MRA and active range of motion, pain and mouth opening limitation were checked at each visit for 6-8 weeks. Electromyographic activities were measured in both anterior lobe of temporalis and middle fibers of masseter at the position in rest, clenching and mastication. The obtained results were as follows : 1. There were significant decrease in pain and mouth opening limitation and significant increase in active range of motion after MRA therapy. 2. The muscle activities tended to decrease in general, especially in the temporal and masseter muscles on clenching and in the masseter on mastication after MRA therapy. 3. There were no significant differences in muscle activities between affected and unaffected side, but there was significant differences in temporal muscle on clenching side after therapy. 4. There were no significant differences in active range of motion, pain and mouth opening limitation between acute and chronic groups. 5. There was more significant decrease in muscle activities of the affected side in acute group than those in chronic group.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of Jeonbuk tri-pull taping and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise on the shoulder's active range of motion, pain, subluxation, upper extremity function, and activities of daily living in patients with stroke. Methods: In this study, Jeonbuk tri-pull taping and PNF exercise were applied to three patients with stroke and subluxation. The tape was removed and new tape applied for two days every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday over six consecutive weeks. PNF exercise was applied five times a week for six weeks. To measure the range of motion, a smart phone clinometer application was used, and the degree of pain was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). A jig measuring method was employed to measure the distance of subluxation. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) was used to evaluate arm function, and the modified Barthel Index (MBI) was employed to evaluate the activities of daily living. Results: The shoulder's active range of motion was improved in the patients compared to the range of pre-tests, and the pain and subluxation distance were reduced compared to those of pre-tests. Arm function and activities of daily living were increased compared to those of pre-tests. Conclusion: The study results verified that Jeonbuk tri-pull taping and PNF exercise are useful when applied to patients with subluxation and stroke.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2018

Background: A limited hip rotational range of motion (ROM) has been considered to be one of characteristics of low back pain (LBP) in athletes. Although LBP frequently occurs in jiu-jitsu athletes, no previous has compared hip rotational ROM between jiu-jitsu athletes with and without LBP. Objects: The aim of the study was to compare ROM for hip internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER), and total hip rotation between jiu-jitsu athletes with and without LBP. Methods: Jiu-jitsu athletes were recruited for the LBP group ($n_1=15$) and control group without LBP ($n_2=15$). IR, ER, and total rotational range of hip joint were measured using a goniometer. Analysis of variance was used to compare the ROM between groups and sides. Results: The LBP group showed a significantly lower range of passive hip IR, passive total rotation, active IR, active ER, and active total rotation than the control group (p<.05). Dominant side of passive hip IR and active IR had a significantly lower ROM than non-dominant side (p<.05). In passive ER ROM, non-dominant side was significantly greater than dominant side (p<.05). Conclusion: Compared to jiu-jitsu athletes without LBP, athletes with LBP exhibit a loss of hip rotational ROM. Based on these results, clinicians and athletic trainers should measure hip rotational ROM when designing the management plan for jiu-jitsu athletes with LBP.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to understand motion characteristics of older drivers during reaching seat belt compared to young drivers and to provide design guidelines in order to reduce discomfort for the elderly. The whole body kinematics of each subject was captured using 12-camera motion analysis system. Subjective ratings on discomfort levels were obtained simultaneously using a questionnaire. This paper first presents the result of motion characteristics of elderly drivers' reach motion to seat belt. Compared to young drivers, older drivers performed seat belt reach motions less efficiently and moved slower due to mostly the movement error. Older drivers also made use of reduced joint range of motion in cervical left rotation, lumbar left rotation and right shoulder adduction, which can be explained by their reduced active range of motions (AROMs). To compensate for their reduced joint range of motion, older drivers rotated pelvis more.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.89-101
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment combined with active release technique on supraspinatus tendon partial tear. Methods : Two patients with supraspinatus tendon partial tear were treated by Korean medicine treatment in combination with active release technique. Visual analog scale(VAS), range of motion(ROM) were used to measure changes during treatment. Results : After treatment, shoulder pain and limited range of motion were improved significantly. Conclusions : Korean medicine treatment in combination with active release technique is proved to be helpful to improve the symptoms of the supraspinatus tendon partial tear patients. And, further studies will be needed.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.50-60
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to apply the joint mobilization technique to the level of segments with pain and to the level of segments with hypomobility respectively and compare the immediate effects of the joint mobilization technique on the pain, the active cervical range of motion (ROM), and treatment satisfaction of patients with acute mechanical neck pain. After the baseline assessment, forty-two patients were randomized into two groups: a painful group ($n_1=21$) that received joint mobilization at the most painful cervical spine level and a hypomobile group ($n_2=21$) that received joint mobilization at the most hypomobile cervical level. The patients received an intervention that applied unilateral posterior-anterior gliding for 5 minutes and two repetitions of 10 times of active extension motion with distraction. In the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the painful group and the hypomobile group were improved significantly in all pain variables (p<.001), while the painful group was improved significantly in the active cervical flexion (p<.001), extension (p<.001), left side-bending (p<.01), right side-bending (p=.001), left rotation (p<.001), and right rotation (p<.001). The hypomobile group was significantly improved in active cervical flexion (p=.001), extension (p<.001), left side-bending (p<.05), right side-bending (p=.001), left rotation (p=.001), and right rotation (p<.01) after intervention. In the Mann-Whitney U test, there was no significant difference in any of the dependent variables after the intervention between the two groups, but the painful group was slightly superior to the hypomobile group in all variables except for the right lateral flexion ROM and treatment satisfaction. These outcomes suggest that the cervical joint mobilization may be applied to either the level of painful segments or the hypomobile segments for the treatment of patients with acute mechanical neck pain.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.662-667
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• 1996

For compensating the error motion of hydrostatic guideways, the structure and the theoretical design method of ACC(Active Controlled Capillary) are proposed. The maximum controllable range, micro step response and dynamic characteristics of ACC are analyzed experimentally for verifing the availability. The experimental results showed that by the use of ACC, the error motion within 2.7${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ of a hydrostatic guideway can be compensated with the resolution of 27nm, 1/100 of uncontolled error, and the frequency band of 5.5Hz. From these results, it Is confirmed that the ACC is very effect to improve the moving accuracy of high or ultra precision hydrostatic guideways.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.81-92
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare combined exercise program group to conventional physiotherapy for patients with chronic neck pain. Methods : Participants were randomly allocated to two groups by experimental(n=17) and control(n=17). Combined exercise program group involved stretching, stability, strengthening and endurance, proprioceptive exercises along with an educational programme. Patient attended for 60min, three times a weeks. Control group was treated as conventional physiotherapy on 40 min, three times a weeks. Outcome variables included pain, disability, range of motion, fatigability at 0 and 6 weeks. Results : Pain, Disability Index, Fatigability significantly decreased(p<.05) and Range of motion improved significantly after active exercise program(p<.05). In conclusion. Combined exercise program improves pain and disability, range of motion, fatigability. Conclusion : These results suggest that combined exercise program is suitable for chronic neck pain.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was aimed to determine the effects of thoracic spine thrust manipulation on muscle activities of the scapular upward rotators and middle deltoid, active range of motion (AROM), shoulder pain, and rounded shoulder posture in young adults with rounded shoulder. Methods: The subjects were 30 young adults (14 males, 16 females) with rounded shoulder. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental (manipulation) and control (placebo) groups of fifteen subjects respectively. The manipulation group received the manipulation (high velocity, low amplitude), which was performed by a physical therapist with the subject in the supine position and with the arms crossed over the chest and hands passed over the shoulders. For the sham group, the same procedure was performed, with the exception that the high-velocity thrust was not applied. Measurements were taken before and after the intervention. Muscle activity of upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior, middle deltoid was measured using surface electromyography. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used for shoulder pain. Goniometry was used for shoulder abduction active range of motion (AROM). Straight edge was used for supine rounded shoulder posture (RSP) distance. Results: The muscle activity of the upper trapezius, lower trapezius and middle deltoid muscle increased significantly after the intervention (p<.05). However, no significant difference was observed in serratus anterior muscle (p>.05). The VAS was significantly decreased and AROM significantly increased after the intervention (p<.05). The distance of RSP were not significant (p>.05). The control group showed no differences before and after the intervention (p>.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that thoracic spine thrust manipulation can be an effective component of treatment plan to improve pain and function.