• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.211-220
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• 2011

The study conducted a survey on the perception level for radiological technologists with 321 nurses and auxiliary nurses working at university hospitals in Busan in order to supply preliminary data to enhance the status as well as professional images of radiological technologists. The result shows the perception level of $3.02{\pm}0.42$ with the highest score for the professional image and the lowest score for the business image. By question, 'they are professional' gets the highest score while 'they understand problems of patients well' gets the lowest. Among respondents, those who are well aware of education courses as well as leading organization of examination and who answer as a health care provider or a medical technician under the medical law show a high level of perception while those who answer as technician show a low perception level. Those who agree with radiologists as a career and consider their status as high in medical institutions have a high level of perception. In order to improve the perception level, individuals as well as associations' promotion and strategies are required to fix the title and enhance the negative images through active interests and kind attitudes toward patients. Also, efforts to escape from previous images limited to technical colleges, to vitalize academic conference and remedial education, and to frame the law of professional radiological technologists system are asked to heighten the qualification and status of radiological technologists. More than that, advertising and monitoring via mass media are needed to develop the image as professional career men as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.189-201
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• 1998

The objectives of this study are first to develop the index of school health promoting behaviors, two, to measure those, third, to analysis the relative importance of factors that effect on school health promoting behaviors. School health promotion indexes were composed of 60 components of six areas which modify the element of health promoting schools are developed by world health organization. The survey data were collected by questionnaires from June to September in 1998. The number of subjects was 294 school nurses. The SAS-PC program was used for the statistical analysis. The major results were as follows: 1. The six areas of school health promoting behaviors are: school health politics (20 components), the school physical environment (17 component), the school social environment (7 component), community relationships (6 component), personal health skills (7 component) and health services (3 component). 2. The mean of total school health promotion indexes was highest at elementary school as 3.46. The order of area was health services, the school physical environment, school health politics, the school social environment, personal health skills, community relationships. 3. The regression model used in this analysis presented significant relationships between school health promoting behaviors and independent variables. The important variable affecting the area of school physical environment was education level of school nurses. The important variable affecting the area of the school social environment and personal health services were the location of school, credential education program. Age or career also were significant variables affect the community relationships and health services. In summary, The health promoting behavior of elementary school was higher than other school. It is mean that have to perform active promoting behavior at middle school and high school. Health service level was highest among areas of school health promoting behaviors. It is mean also that school nurse teachers is interested in activity for other areas to improve of school health. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop the specific program for school health promoting behavior.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.137-150
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• 2002

Today, environments of healthcare and hospital organizations are changing very rapidly. In response to these rapid and uncontrollable changes, organizational members should be required to be empowered, because empowerment makes feelings of powerlessness and frustration reduce and leads to work performance such as Job satisfaction and Organizational commitment. The term 'Empowerment' is frequently used in recent, but there is a lack of study. In nursing administration, studies are also few. Empowerment is defined here as a cognitive, continuous and active process which empower intrinsic work motivation to members. This study takes empowerment as a construct composed of four factors-meaning, competence, self-determination, impact. 1. The purpose is to analyze the relationship of empowerment with job - satisfaction and organizational commitment perceived by nurses. 2. The method : Data were collected from 334 nurses in 2-hospital and gathered during the period 20days from September 11 to September 30, 2000 and ANOVA, Pearson's correlaton etc are conducted for this study. 3. The results were as follows: 1) In characteristics of subjects, age and the period of duty were significantly different in empowerment (p<0.001). Educational background, marriage and motivation to be nurse were different in empowerment(p<0.05). 2) Empowerment degree perceived by nurses was 55.52. 3) Empowerment was related with job satisfaction (p<0.001) but was not related with organizational commitment. 4. Conclusion : The above result was different from other empowerment studys which empowerment is related with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The study on empowerment is important in the aspect of strategies for increasement of work performance. For the proper tool in nursing practice, we study empowerment in various aspects and the further studys for the relationship of empowerment with organizational commitment are needed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.293-303
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to understand and to explain how were nursing students experienced and accepted the fundemental nursing practice. In addition to, the results of this study are attempted to contribute for offer of basic data in projecting and accomplishing to promote quality practice education. The participants were 79 freshmen of S College of Nursing in kyungi-do. They presented record of feeling and thinking on their the fundemental nursing practice experience. The data were collected from 29, J une to 10, July in 1998. Collected data was analyzed by means of Van Kaam's phenomenological method. The results of this study was founded 423 descriptive expression and they were grouped under 42 common factors and they were grouped under 9 categories. By means of the frequency on the categories. the higher category is Anxiety. next Solemn. Flutter. Pride. Usefulness, Recognition of reality in nursing-system. Lack of practice environment. Self-accusation. Comprehension of nursing spirit were founded. 5 common factors. Tension. Difficulty, Dread. Apprehension, Burden were grouped under Anxiety. 7 common factors, Pledge, Memory, Importance of practice, Sincerity, Restriction of dress, Acceptance, Active attitude were grouped under solemn. 5 common factors, Interest, Strange, Beanimated, Waiting, Curiosity were grouped under Flutter. 5 common factors, Conceit, Self-confidence, Skilled, Worth, Accomplishment were grouped under Pride. 6 common factors, Acknowledge of nursing affairs, Expectation of furture, Fascination of nursing. Acquirement of disposition of nurse, Association of injection, Actual feeling of dept. of nursing were grouped under Recognition of reality in nursing-system. 4 common factors, Lack of practice time, Many persons of practice, Lack of practice instrument, Lack of reality were grouped under Lack of practice envirnment. 5 common factors, Inconvenient, Reflection, Loss of pride, Shyness, Feeling sorry were grouped under Self-accusation. 3 common factors, Utility, Connection of practice and theory, Various experience were grouped under Usefulness. 2 common factors, Comprehension on the dignity of human, Comprehension on a point of view of patient were grouped under Comprehension of nursing spirit. In conclusion, the following recommendation should be necessary a supplementary study to approach on the type of students that has a firm view and care about client prior to clinical nursing practice.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.826-835
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• 2002

Health perception is a very important issue for student nurses to be future health professionals. The concept of health has changed with the emphasis of 'health promotion', and thus nurses now have a demanded role as a health promoter. According to health promotion theories, health-promoting behaviors are affected by cognitive variables, and human behaviors are related to thoughts and perception. This study was conducted to recognize the relationships of attitude toward health behaviors to other health related variables. The data was collected using a self administered survey. The instrument used in this study was attitude of health behavior scales that were developed by Okayama medical school. The subjects were 512 student nurses recruited from 1 college and 3 universities. The data was analyzed using SPSS pc program with mean, correlation. and multiple regression technique. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of attitude of health behaviors of the student nurses was 8.11, showing a relatively high level. A high score of health belief was reported in 'self-responsible type' with the score of 4.80, and a high score of 'think for health or disease' was reported in passive type with the score of 3.12. 2. Specifically, there were significant positive correlations between the level of 'attitude of health behaviors' and other health related variables such as health perception, think for health or disease, and age. 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that active thought, leisure, self-responsible perception and depression accounted for 13%of variance of attitude toward health behaviors. In conclusion, although student nurses certainly perceived the performance of health behavior, they need to learn in more systematical way in order to be a better health promoter, one of the role of nurses. The results of the study suggest that further studies need to be done on attitude toward health behaviors and performance of health behavior by student nurses.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the of laughter therapy on depression, anxiety, and stress among patients underwent radiotherapy. Methods: Participants in the study were comprised of 60 breast cancer outpatients who received radiotherapy. Thirty-one of the patients were assigned in the experimental group and the other 29 patients made up the control group. Laughter therapy was consisted of the delivery of information and active motion resulting in laughter. We provided laughter therapy 4 times for 2 weeks. Each session lasted 60 min. The experimental group received laughter therapy intervention as a group. An average attendance frequency per person was 2.7. To evaluate the effect of laughter therapy, the degrees of depression and anxiety were measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) and stress was measured by the Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument (BEPSI). Data analysis included a 2-test, t-test, and Fisher's exact test using SPSS 12.0 and SAS 8.0. Results: There was significant decrease in the degrees of depression, anxiety, and stress in the experimental group compared to those in the control group (p<.01, p=.04, and p<.01, respectively). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that laughter therapy is an effective intervention in improving depression, anxiety, and stress in breast cancer patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.260-272
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the causal relationship among coaching leadership, self-efficacy, job engagement, innovative behavior and to specify the mediating effects on the relationship between coaching leadership and innovative behavior. Participants were 240 nurses with survey. SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 were used to analyze the collected data. The result of this study were as follows. First, coaching leadership had a significant effect on self-efficacy, job engagement. Second, coaching leadership had not a significant effect on innovative behavior. Third, self-efficacy had a significant effect on job engagement, innovative behavior. Fourth, job engagement had a significant effect on innovative behavior. Fifth, self-efficacy and job engagement had a mediating effect on the relationship between coaching leadership and innovative behavior. Based on these results, we discussed the rule of self-efficacy and job engagement in the relationship between coaching leadership and innovative behavior. The implication of this study was that in order to induce the active employee's innovative behavior is to improve the employee's self-efficacy and job engagement through the supervisor's coaching leadership.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.3983-3988
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• 2016

Background: Cervical cancer though preventable is still the leading cause of cancer death among women secondary to breast cancer. Persistent infection with HPV has been causally linked to the disease. A school based HPV vaccination program was introduced in late 2010 in Malaysia and nurse support is essential for its success. Objectives: To determine nurses knowledge and attitudes about HPV infection and its vaccines, and factors associated with their knowledge. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses working at primary health clinics in Kelantan from mid-June till the end of July 2014. Its involved 330 nurses selected through multistage random sampling. A validated self-administered questionnaire consisting of 11 items for the knowledge domain and eight items for the attitude domain was used. Results: The response rate of the study was 93.7%. The mean knowledge and mean attitude (SD) scores were 5.37 (1.76) and 29.8 (3.51) respectively. Only 24% knew that HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection and 67% correctly answered that Gardasil vaccine can protect against four types of HPV. Nearly 60% of participants wrongly answered that HPV vaccines cannot be offered to sexually active women. Likewise, 70.9% participants were not aware that HPV vaccine may be appropriate for females aged 9 through 26 years. Though 90% of participants believed that the vaccine is safe, nearly half of them were unsure about efficacy. From multiple linear regression analysis, among the factors tested only participant's level of education showed a statistically significant association with the HPV knowledge score (p <0.001). Conclusions: This study indicates nurses have favorable attitudes towards HPV vaccination; however they have significant knowledge deficit and major misunderstanding in critical knowledge items. Among the factors tested, nursing qualification is the only factor that is significantly associated with the nurses knowledge score.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.89-103
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• 1998

The elderly population will increase from 5.8% in 1996 to 12.5% in 2020. The related problems of health will also become a very important issue in the future. Therefore it is important to address the problems of geriatric nursing and geriatric health. 87.6% of the aged were ill with chronic degenerative diseases in 1994. In 1995, hospital admission rates (86.8) for those aged 60 or older were higher than that (56.3) of the total age group. Such high medical utilization will increase national health costs. For the development of geriatric nursing, active nursing intervention in various settings combined with education and research should be developed. Considering the health and welfare of the aged and the present status and views in Korea, I suggest the following: First, the health needs of the elderly in the institution, must be met by a plan that fosters geriatric nurses and programmed service development. Second, health service for the residential elderly must be provided in day care centers, short stays, nursing homes and geriatric hospitals. Geriatric nursing services should be provided in home residential areas, public health centers, public health subcenters as well as having, community health practitioners in primary health care posts and home health nurses. Third, geriatric nursing curriculum must be developed adjust to situations and culture of Korea and be included in the nursing curriculum. And gerontological nurse practitioner or geriatric specialist must be fosteraged to provide the professional care for the aged. Geriatric nursing research should be also achived for geriatric nursing improvements.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.228-236
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• 2014

Purpose: Common conditions, such as dehydration or respiratory infection can aggravate hypoxia and are associated with interstage mortality in infants who have undergone palliative surgery for congenital heart diseases. This study was done to evaluate the efficacy of a home monitoring program (HMP) in decreasing infant mortality. Methods: Since its inception in May 2010, all infants who have undergone palliative surgery have been enrolled in HMP. This study was a prospective observational study and infant outcomes during HMP were compared with those of previous comparison groups. Parents were trained to measure oxygen saturation, body weight and feeding volume and to contact the hospital through the hotline for emergency situations. Telephone counseling was conducted by clinical nurse specialists every week post discharge. Results: Forty-one infants were enrolled in HMP. Nine hundred telephone counseling sessions were conducted. Seventy-three infants required telephone triage with the most common conditions being gastrointestinal (50.7%) and respiratory symptoms (32.9%). With HMP intervention, interstage mortality decreased from 18.6% (8/43) to 9.8% (4/41) (${\chi}^2$=1.15, p=.283). Conclusion: Results indicate that active measures and treatments using the HMP decrease mortality rates, however further investigation is required to identify various factors that contribute to hemodynamic complications during the interstage period.