• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.45-48
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• 2012

In early August of 2011, following a prolonged period of cool and moist weather, several trees of boxelder maple (Acer negundo) planted in Mt. Soyo located in Dongducheon, Korea, were found to be heavily damaged by premature defoliation with zonate leaf spot symptoms. Numerous number of cone-shaped, white sporophores (conidia) were observed on lesions of the abaxial leaf surface. The morphological characteristics of conidia are of typical Cristulariella moricola, which was supported by analyzing sequences of internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA. Pathogenicity of the fungus was proved by artificial inoculation in the condition of relative humidity 100% and $18{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. This is the first report of the occurrence of zonate leaf spot caused by infection of C. moricola on A. negundo in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1984

Taxonomical studies of the genus Acer in Korea (8 species, 3 varieties and 1 forma) were studied by the morphological characteristics of stipules. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1) The stipules of the genus Acer were arranged oppositely with 4 - 10 stipules consisting of simple leaf, compound leaf and unifoliate compound leaf. The venation of stipules were cladodromous, basal reticulate, fibrous and palmately netted vein. The trichoma of stipules were glandula hair, glandular pubescent, sericeous, pilous, vinous, velutinous, tomentose, ciliate and lanate. As the morphological characteristics of stipules in the genus Acer established a strong point in the identification of species. 2) The species in the genus Acer in Korea were classified into six groups; (1) ginnala group (A. ginnala), (2) koreanum group (A. koreanum, A. japonicum, A. pseudosieboldianum var. koreanum), (3) mono group (A. mono, A, palmatum var. sanguineum, A. palamtum var. dissectum, A. palmatum var. dissectum f. aosidare), (4) negundo group (A. negundo), (5) palmatum group (A. palmatum), (6) platanoides group (A. platanoides, A. truncatum) by the morphological characteristics of stipules, 3) The stipules of platanoides group and negundo group were the least evolved types among the species in the genus Acer. 4) The stipules in the genus Acer were made the inner buds that were metamorphosed to the protected functional aspect by the evolution of petiols.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.137-146
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• 1995

Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, A. ginnala, A. negundo and A. saccharinum were selected as materials for the studies on the seasonal fluctuation of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rates. In all the four species during the growing season except in October, the principal component that determined the total chlorophyll content was chlorophyll a. Content of chlorophyll b increased with leaf age, but that of chlorophyll a decreased. In contrast to A. saccharinum and A. pseudo-sieboldianum which showed their maximum chlorophyll content in June, A. negundo, which showed the highest chlorophyll content of the four species, exhibited its maximum chlorophyll content in July, whereas September in the case of A. ginnala. The fluctuation of chlorophyll content was similar to that of air temperature, and it increased till July. But chloprophyll content showed a significant relationship in early stage of leaf development, and there could be any interdependence between them in accordance with the seasonal change, no longer. In all four species light compensation points decreased in accordance with the seasonal change, and the maximum photosynthetic rates were obtained in August. Respiratory rates were shown no significant difference among species, and they decreased according to the adbance of season.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.3
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• pp.472-486
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• 1996

The pollen morphology of 19 species and 1 variety of the genus Acer L. in Korea was investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The results are as follows ; 1. A. pollen key of the genus Acer L. in Korea was provided in four types. 2. Based on the aperture types and sculpture patterns, the four major pollen types of the genus Acer L. in Korea were recognized which included palmatum, barbinerve, negundo and saccharum types. 3. Pollen grains are tricolpate or tricolporate on the aperture, and striate, rugulate or reticulate on the sculpture pattern. 4. As the result of the correlation analysis between the five measured pollen parameters in pairs, a highly significant positive correlation was found between polar axis length(PL) and colpus length (CL).

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 1984

This study was identified 6 species of the genus Acer in Korea by the method of thin layer chromatography on lipids in heart wood, and researched affinity among the species for the characteristics of color reaction. The results were summarized as follows; 1) Total-lipid in heart wood of the six species was 4.39%, mean free-lipid was 2.85% and mean bound-lipid was 1.54%. 2) All the six species; A. ginnala, A. mono, A. negundo, A. palmatum, A. saccharinum and A, triflorum were identified by the characteristics of color reaction. Judging from the color reactions, A. palmatum and A. triflorum seem to be closer than other species.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.24-33
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• 1967

Fifty-two specimens of the infected plants were collected from areas through the country during the year of 1965. We report here 14 unrecorded specoes which were identified in this work. The results are as follows: 1. Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. (Host: Artemisia princeps PAMPAN. var. orien-talls HARA.) 2. Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. (Host: Plantago sp.) 3. Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. (Host: Sonchus oleraceus L.) 4. Erysiphe pisi DE CANDOLLE. (Host: Lespedeza sp.) 5. Erysiphe polygoni DE CANDOLLE. (Host: Clematis patens MORR et DECAIS.) 6. Microsphaera alphitoides GRIFFITHS et MAUBLANCE (Uncinula bifurcata GERARD.) (Host: Quercus serrate GERARD) 7. Microsphaera baumleri MAGNUS. (Host: Robinia pseud-acacia L.) 8. Microsphaera coryli HOMMA. (Host: Corylus heterophylla FISCH. var. japonica KOIDZUMI) 9. Podosphaera tridactyla (WALLROTH) DE BARY. (Host: Prunus leveilleana KOEHN. var. typica NAKAI) 10. Sphaerotheca fuliginea (SCHLECHTENDAHL) POLLACI. (Host: Impatiens balsamina L.) 11. Sphaerotheca fuliginea (SCHLECHTENDAHL) POLLACI. (Host: Zinnia elegans JACQ) 12. Uncinula aceris SACCARDO (Host: Acer negundo L.) 13. Uncinula fraxini MIYABE(U. salmon SYDOW) (Host: Fraxinus rhynchophyllus HANCE.) 14. Uncinula salicis (DE CANDOLLE) WINTER. (Host: Salix gracilistyla MIQ.)

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.73 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 1986

This study was done to classify 15 species in the genus Acer through tracking of the changing shape of the vascular branch from the base part to the terminal part of petiole by the anatomical method. The basic vascular branches were 3 ea, except A. mandshuricum 3-4 ea. The vascular bundle was separated, moved and connected from the base part to the terminal part of petiol, the number of separated vascular branch was 11-32 ea., the number of connected vascular branch was 0-17 ea., and the ratio of the separated vascular branch to the connected was 0.00-8.00. The maximum number of vascular branch in No, 39 of cross section part was observed in 12 species; A. ginnala and A. buergerianum were No. 11, A. truncatum and A. platanoides were No. 13, A. saccharium was No. 26. The number of the connected vascular branches with the main vascular branch were 0-6, while the number of the separated vascular branch were 0-7. On the ratio of separation to connection of the base vascular branch; "A", "B" and "C", the symmetrical shapes on the basis of "B" were A>BC, AB>C shape. The classical groups by the development of main vascular branch formation were obtained 7 groups of "a" through "g" shape. Especially, A. negundo and A. saccharinum were shown to have central vascular branches with unique changing patterns.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.7
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• pp.33-37
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• 1969

This experiment was conducted to investigate the vriabibities of the pupal weight and the number of eggs in the ovary of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea Drury. collected from the seven different host plants in the field. The correlation between the pupal weight and the number of eggs in the ovary was studied in connection with the species of the host plants. The results obtained were as follows. I) The pupal eight was varied with the species of the host plants and sexes. The order of average female pupal weight was Populus euramericanal Guinier(206.6 mg). Juglans mandshurica Max. (J97.8 mg). Platanus orientalis L. (182.4 mg). Acer neugndo L. (172.2 mg). Taxodium distichum Rich. (172.1 mg). Salix babylonica L. (128.8 mg) and Prunus serrulata var. spontanea (Max). Wilson (103.4 mg). and of the average male pupal weight. T. distichum (125.2 mg). P. orientalis (123.5mg). J. mandshurica (114.4 mg). A. negundo (109.5 mg). Peuramericana (106.3mg). S. babylonica (94.3 mg). and P. serrulata var. spontanea(74.6 mg). The weight of female pupae was greater than that of male pupae in all case. 2) The unmber of eggs in the ovary was also vaied with the species of the host plants. The order of the average number of eggs in the ovary was P. euramericana(1331.1). J. mandshurica(I239.9). T. disichum (1237.0). A. negundo (1186.9). P. orientalis (1145.5), S. babylonica (800.0) and P. serrulata var. spontanea (641.5). 3) The number of eggs in the ovary for all the host plants tested was highly correlated with the pupal weight.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 1982

The pollen morphology of 2 forms, 6 varieties, 50 species, 15 genera, 11 families of Korean Sapindales was studied. The keys were provided for general and families of Korean Sapindales. General pollen morphology was diversed and taxonomically significant differences were obtained in shape, aperture, type and size, sculpture pattern and exine thickness of pollen grains. Pollen grains of Korean Sapindales could be grouped into four types and five subtypes. One of five sub-types pollen grains of Acer could be ground into four under subtypes: ginnala type, barbinerve type, psseudo-sieboldianum type and negundo type. Pollen morphology of Empetraceae, Buxaceae and Balsaminaceae appeared to have very special features in the equatorial view and aperature type compare with pollen grain of the other families of Korean Sapindales.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.149-160
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• 1995

We investigated the seasonal changes flower color of 163 deciduous woody landscape plants in the Suwon region from January 1, 1992 to March 20, 1993. The results were as follows; 1. By the month of anthesis of woody landscape plants, only one plant of Hamamelis japonica flowered in February, 15 species in March, 48 species in April, 63 species in May, 23 species in June, 12 species in July, and one plant of Hydrangea paniculata was flowered in August. 2. The flowering period was about 220 days from February 24, 1992 that Hamamelis japonica was anthesis to October 5, 1992 when Hydrangea paniculata was deblossomed. 3. By the flowering period of woody landscape plants, 81 species continued for 11 days through 20 days, and Rosa spp., 118 days, Hibiscus syriacus 'Yungkwang', 80 days, Largerstroemia indica, 65 days, and 6 species continued for 41 through 60 days, 10 species were 31 through 40 days, 43 species were 21 through 30 days, and 20 species were for less than 11 days. 4. The woody landscape plants flowering before leaf spreading, Hamamelis japonica, Abeliophyllum distichum, Prunus mume 'Hwahyangmi', Prunus mume 'Baekkaha', Lindera obtusiloba, Cornus officinalis, Prunus armeniaca. The others were plants with leaves spreading white flowering; Forsythia ovata 'Tetra gold', Forsythia ovata, Corylus hetrophylla, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Magnolia denudata, Forsythia koreana 'Seoul Gold', Forsythia koreana, Magnolia stellata, Acer negundo 'Elegans', Magnolia kobus, Forsythia viridissima 'Bronxensis', Prunus yedoensis, Prunus leveilleana var. pendula, Prunus persica for. albiplena, Prunus tomentosa, Prunus persia, Magnolia liliflora, Prunus glandulosa for. sinensis, Cercis chinensis, Poncirus trifoliata. 5. In terms of flower color based on KBS standard color number, 83 species were white, 44 species wer red, 21 species were yellow, 12 species were violet, and 3 species were green. 6. In terms of the flower color by month. Hamamelis japonica was yellow February. Flower colors in March were : yellow-7 species, red-3 species and white-5 species. Flower colors in April were : White-21 species, red-19 species and yellow-6 species. Flower colors in May were : White-36 species, red-16 species. The white flowers in June were 16 species. Flower colors in July were : white-4 species, red-4 species. 7. The white flower color of woody landscape plants of trees was 35 species. The red flower color was 18 species, yellow flower color was 5 species, violet flower color was 2 species, and green flower color was 3 species. Also the white flower color of woody landscape plants of shrubs was 48 species, red flower color was 25 species, yellow flower color was 17 species and violet flower color was 10 species. 8. The new 'Cultivars' of woody landscape plants are needed to introduced the development of planting design. 9. Present data of illustrated books of plants should be checked by new data that was studied in this research.