• Title/Summary/Keyword: Acclimation

Search Result 251, Processing Time 0.027 seconds

Study on congestion of the gills in cultured eels Anguilla japonica III. Effect of NaCl treatment on congestion of the gills in cultured eels, Anguilla japonica (뱀장어 아가미 울혈증에 관한 연구 III. NaCl처리가 울혈증 치료에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Min-Soon;Park, Kwan-Ha;Choi, Sang-Hoon;Kim, Young-Gill;Kim, Jong-Myeon;Cho, Jeong-Gon;Jang, Seon-Il
    • Journal of fish pathology
    • /
    • v.8 no.2
    • /
    • pp.111-118
    • /
    • 1995
  • This experiment was carried out in order to elucidate the effect of NaCl(0.85%) acclimation on congestion symptoms in central venous sinuses(CVS) of gill filaments and on the alteration of blood constituents in cultured eels for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7days after handling stress. After giving a handling stress on eels, the frequency of gill congestion was about 90%. It gradually decreased to 40% on the 3rd day, then increased to 60% on the 7th day in NaCl(0.85%) acclimation. The values of haematocrit(Ht), methemoglobin(Met-Hb), glucose (GLU), calcium($Ca^{++}$), lactic dehydrogenase(LDH), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) were lower than those of the control, whereas magnesium($Mg^{++}$) and haemoglobin(Hb) were higher than the control. However total protein(Tp) and albumin (ALB) levels similar to the control. When the fish after giving a handling stress were cultured in NaCl-free water as a control, the frequency of gill congestion and the value of blood components showed a similar pattern to that obtained from the NaCl acclimated experiments. However, in the early period(1-3day) after handling stress, NaCl acclimating slightly helped the natural tendancy of recovery. These results suggest that the frequency of gill congestion is not always reduced over the whole period of NaCl acclimation. However, the acclimation to NaCl solution may be a somewhat useful therapy for the gill congestion in stressed eels.

  • PDF

Effect of Feeding on Postlarvae of Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei during the Acclimation Process to Low Salinities in Seawater (해수 저염분 순치과정에서 먹이섭취가 흰다리새우, Litopenaeus vannamei 유생에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Su Kyoung;Shim, Na Young;Cho, Ji-Hyun;Kim, Jong Hyun;Kim, Su-Kyoung
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
    • /
    • v.36 no.3
    • /
    • pp.377-384
    • /
    • 2018
  • This study focused on the effects of feeding on postlarvae of shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, during the identified acclimation time to low salinity. A total of 5 different salinity groups with or without feeding (32, 24, 16, 8, and 2 psu, 1 liter, triplicates) were prepared, and 30 shrimp were settled at PL21 (postlarvae) and placed in each group. After 24 hours of the experimentation process, the survival rate of the fed and starved groups was observed to be lower in the 2 psu group compared to other salinity groups, with the rate of 86.6% and 81.1%, respectively. The condition index of glucose and triglyceride, which are important factors for osmoregulation and as energy sources, was 4.2-7.6 times and 2.7-3.4 times higher in the fed groups than the starved groups at all the levels of salinities. The creatine level increased by 1.1-1.5 times in the starved groups as compared to the fed groups. Likewise, the activity of all the digestive enzymes like, lipase, ${\alpha}$-amylase, trypsin, and alkaline protease were clearly higher in the fed groups (ANOVA, p<0.05). Apparently, it was observed that feeding is effective for the postlarvae of shrimp, which shows a characteristic fast metabolism and larval development, during the acclimation period to low salinity.

Genetic Analysis of Apoplastic Proteins in Barley Crosses

  • Chun, Jong-Un;Choi, Kap-Seong;Griffith, Marilyn
    • Plant Resources
    • /
    • v.7 no.2
    • /
    • pp.147-154
    • /
    • 2004
  • Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) accumulate in the leaves of barley during cold acclimation, where they may inhibit ice recrystallization and produce freezing resistance of the plant. Four parental diallel crosses of the barley varieties were used to determine the heritability of AFPs and the relationship between the accumulation level of AFPs and freezing resistance. The concentration of apoplastic proteins in the cold-acclimated leaves was increased in the mean by four-fold over as compared with that of nonacclimated. The diallel cross analyses revealed that the gene of Sacheon 6 was dominant and those of Reno and Dongbori 1 were recessive. The AFPs had high narrow-sense heritabilities. The general combining ability effects of Reno and Dongbori 1 were much higher than the other parents. The bands of 32-kD for GLP, 35-& 28-kD for CLP and 25-, 22- & 16-kD for TLP were observed in the apoplastic extracts from cold-acclimated plants, but there were no clear differences between the parents and Fl hybrids. The concentrations of AFPs were significantly correlated with the degree of freezing resistance, indicating that the concentration of AFPs in the plant is the very important factor for freezing resistance.

  • PDF

Effect of Temperature Acclimation on Activities of Serum Alkaline and Acid Phosphatases of the Rat (溫度順應이 흰쥐의 血淸알칼리 및 酸性 Phosphatase 活性에 미치는 影響)

  • Kim, Duk-Man
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
    • /
    • v.18 no.4
    • /
    • pp.173-180
    • /
    • 1975
  • Activities of serum alkaline phosphatase(SALP) and serum acid phosphatase (SACP) have been assayed in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats acclimated to $30^\\circ C$ and $33^\\circ C$for 240 hours and 64 hours, respectively. The alteration in the activities of SALP and SACP in rats acclimated to $33^\\circ C$ was generally greater than those acclimated to $30^\\circ C$. The SACP and SALP activities of the rats acclimated to $30^\\circ C$ showed generally a persistently high levels in comparison to the control. It may be inferred that the SALP and SACP positibly be involved directly or indirectly in thermoregulation during acclimation to $30^\\circ C$.

  • PDF

Nitrogen Removal in Flat-Panel Air-Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell according to Various Inoculum Sources and Organic Concentration (식종원 및 유기물 농도 변화에 따른 평판형 외기환원전극 미생물 연료전지의 질소 제거)

  • Park, Younghyun;Yu, Jaecheul;Nguyen, Thi Hien;Lee, Taeho
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
    • /
    • v.38 no.12
    • /
    • pp.635-640
    • /
    • 2016
  • Although microbial fuel cell (MFC) can produce electricity from organics in wastewater, nitrogen removal is required for application of process for wastewater treatment plant. This study developed flat-panel air-cathode MFCs (FA-MFCs) comprised of two large separator electrode assemblies (SEAs) and evaluate total nitrogen removal according to three inoculum sources and pre-nitrification acclimation. The nitrification efficiencies were >99% regardless of inoculum sources under the phase for pre-nitrification acclimation. The total nitrogen removal efficiencies of FA-MFCs without pre-nitrification acclimation were the highest at the low organic conditions (<300 mg-COD/L) under the phase for nitrification and denitrification. The increase of organic concentration influenced the total nitrogen removal efficiency, positively. The organics were removed >95% but were not used for heterotrophic denitrification totally. This study suggests that application of FA-MFC system for wastewater treatment can allow the simultaneous removal of organic and nitrogen compounds, although this affects the low electricity production.

Serum Enzyme and Isozyme Activities of Rats Acclimated to Cold Environment (寒冷環境에 순화시킨 흰쥐의 血淸酵素 및 同位酵素의 活性)

  • 정애순;남상열
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
    • /
    • v.29 no.2
    • /
    • pp.107-120
    • /
    • 1986
  • The activities of serum of serum lactate dehydrogenase (SLDH), serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP), serum creatine phosphokinase (SCPK), and their isozymes were determined in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats acclimated to cold environment $(4\\pm1^\\circC)$ for 36 days. The SLDH activity was significantly higher in the early stage of acclimated period. The steady state of SLDH activity seemed to be reached by the end of acclimated period. Electrophoretic separation of serum of control rat showed three SLDH isozymes. Isozymes SLDH4 and SLDH5 appeared most prominently, whereas only trace of SLDH1 or SLDH2 was found. The increase in SLDH level during acclimation to cold environment is a reflection of an immediate increase in the SLDH1, SLDH2, and SLDH3 type of SLDH isozyme. The acclimation to cold environment increased significantly level of SALP in the early state of acclimated period. SALP activity showed a attaining steady state with the resting level after transient rise. Electrophoretic separation of SALP of control rats showed the SALP1 and SALP2 fractions. The transient rise in SALP activity of rats acclimated to cold environment coincided with a transient rise in SALP1 fraction. Immediately after exposure to cold environment, there was significant elevation in SCPK activity. Value returned to normal after transient rise. A new steady state of SCPK activity seemed to be reached by 36 days. It may be inferred from the above data that thermal compensation appears to result from a change in the activity of an enzyme and that the SLDH, SLDH-isozyme, SALP-isozyme, and SCPK may be involved directly or indirectly in thermoregulation during acclimation to cold environment.

  • PDF

Influence of Increased Temperature on the Standard Metabolism in the Marine Bivalves Acclimated to Seasonal Water Temperature -I. Effects of Acclimation Temperature (해산패류의 계절별 표준대사에 미치는 승온 효과 -I. 순화온도의 영향-)

  • Kim Kyoung Sun;Chin Pyung
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.35 no.5
    • /
    • pp.463-468
    • /
    • 2002
  • Influence of increased temperature on the standard metabolism in three species of marine bivalves, Crassostrea gigas, Ruditapes philippinarum and Mytilus edulis, acclimated to seasonal water temperatures and collected from the south coast of Korea, were examined in the laboratory. The standard oxygen consumption and filtration rates in the 3 species were measured respectively at the experimental temperature, 4, 7 and 10$^{\circ}C$ or 3, 6 and 9$^{\circ}C$ higher than the mean seasonal water temperature. When the experimental temperatures were higher than the seasonal water temperature, the rates of C. gigas decreased in autumn and spring, and increased In winter, while there was thermal stress in summer. The rates of R. philippinarum increased in spring when the experimental temperatures were 3$^{\circ}C$ and 6$^{\circ}C$ higher than the seasonal water temperature, but the rates increased in autumn and winter when the experimental temperature was even 9$^{\circ}C$ higher than the seasonal water temperature. In summer. metabolic activities of R. philippinarum decreased significantly at temperature higher than acclimation temperature. The rates of M. edulis increased in spring when the experimental temperatures were 3$^{\circ}C$ higher than the seasonal water temperature but the rates were stressed by the increased temperature above 3$^{\circ}C$. In winter, increased temperature did not affect the metabolic activities of M. edulis. These results suggested that the standard metabolism of the three marine bivalves in summer was stressed by the increased temperature, whereas the metabolism was activated in winter.