• Title/Summary/Keyword: Acanthopanax Koreanum

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Genotoxicity Study from the Extracts of Fermented Acanthopanax koreanum (발효 탐라오가피 추출물의 유전독성 연구)

  • Cho, Myounglae;Kim, Young-Hyun;Kim, Jae-Min;Lee, Sang-Jong;Shin, Hyun Mu;Lee, Ok-Hwan
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2016
  • This study was to determine genotoxicity from the extracts of fermented Acanthopanax koreanum. The bacterial reverse mutation assay, the extracts of fermented A. koreanum did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA with or without metabolic activation of S-9 mixture. In addition, the micronucleus formation in ICR mice, the extracts of fermented A. koreanum treated with dose of 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg did not affected micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE/2,000 PCE) and polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE)/200 polychromatic erythrocyte+normochromatic erythrocyte (RBC). The cytotoxicity effects using CHO-K1 cells observed no significant changes compared with negative control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the extracts of fermented A. koreanum did not cause a significant chromosome aberration on CHO-K1 cells in the chromosome aberration assay. Therefore, these results suggest that the extracts of fermented A. koreanum did not induce any harmful genotoxic effects.

Growth of Seedling and Germination Characteristics of Acanthopanax koreanum NAKAI (섬오갈피나무의 발아 및 유묘의 생육특성)

  • Ko, Han-Jong;Song, Chang-Khil;Cho, Nam-Ki
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.46-52
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    • 2003
  • This experiment was conducted to investigate the propagation for mass production of Acanthopanax koreanum NAKAI utilized for health food and medicine material. Germination rate of A. koreanum seeds were 64% when seeds were stored at 15 for 60 days and then were treated with 50 ppm of kinetin and dormancy were broken at 5 for 60 days. Rooting rates of green-wood cuttings treated with IBA 100 ppm, NAA 50 ppm, and IAA 100 ppm were 61.7, 56.7, and 60.0%, respectively. Rooting rates of greenwood cuttings treated with Rooton in scoria + horticulture media and volcanic ash were 76.7 and 66.7%, respectively. Survival rate of seedlings planted on Aug. 10 was highest (96%) under 75% shading net while shoot growth was best under 55% shading net. Survival rate of seedlings planted on May 2 was highest (91%) 55% shading net, and shoot growth was also best 55% under shading net.

Selective B cell activation by polysaccharide isolated from the root of Acanthopanax koreanum

  • Han, Sang-Bae;Ahn, Hyo-Jung;Yoon, Yeo-Dae;Kim, Young-Ho;Lee, Jung-Joon;Moon, Jae-Sun;Lee, Chang-Woo;Lee, Ki-Hoon;Park, Song-Kyu;Kim, Hyung-Chin;Kim, Hwan-Mook
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.257.1-257.1
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    • 2002
  • Many polysaccharides isolated from plants have been shown to enhance various immune responses in vivo and in vitro. Here we demonstrate that polysaccharide isolated from the root of Acanthopanax koreanum (AK) has a unique mode of immunostimulation with regard to its cell-type specificity. AK was found to markedly increase polyclonal 1gM antibody production and the proliferation of B cells. (omitted)

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Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai modulates the immune response by inhibiting TLR 4-dependent cytokine production in rat model of endotoxic shock

  • Jung, Myung-Gi;Do, Gyeong-Min;Shin, Jae-Ho;Ham, Young Min;Park, Soo-Yeong;Kwon, Oran
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.460-465
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    • 2013
  • The hepatoprotective activity of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai extract (AE) was investigated against D-Galactosamine/Lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS)-induced liver failure rats compared with that of acanthoic acid (AA) isolated from AE. Although D-GalN/LPS (250 mg/kg body weight/$10{\mu}g/kg$ body weight, i.p.) induced hepatic damage, pretreatments with AE (1 and 3% AE/g day) and AA (0.037% AA, equivalent to 3% AE/g day) alleviated the hepatic damage. This effect was the result of a significant decrease in the activity of alanine transaminase. Concomitantly, both the nitric oxide and IL-6 levels in the plasma were significantly decreased by high-dose AE (AE3) treatment compared to the GalN/LPS control (AE0). This response resulted from the regulation of pro-inflammatory signaling via a decrease in TLR4 and CD14 mRNA levels in the liver. While a high degree of necrosis and hemorrhage were observed in the AE0, pretreatment with AE3 and AA reduced the extent of hepatocyte degeneration, necrosis, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltrates compared to the AE0. In conclusion, these results suggest that especially high-dose AE are capable of alleviating D-GalN/LPS-induced hepatic injury by decreasing hepatic toxicity, thereby mitigating the TLR 4-dependent cytokine release. The anti-inflammatory effect of AE could be contributing to that of AA and AE is better than AA.

Immune-enhancing effect of Acanthopanax Koreanum and its component, Eleutheroside E on the protein-energy malnourished C57bl/6 mice

  • Kim, Na-Hyung;Kim, Kyu-Yeob;Kim, Jeong-Ah;Kim, Young-Ho;Kang, In-Cheol;Kim, Hyung-Min;Jeong, Hyun-Ja
    • Advances in Traditional Medicine
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.191-199
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    • 2010
  • Acanthopanax Koreanum stem (AK) has been used in Korea as a tonic and sedative as well as a drug with ginseng like activities. The purpose of our present study was to investigate the effects of AK extract (AKE) and Eleutheroside E, major component of AKE on an exacerbated immune function through utilization of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) diet by using forced swimming test (FST). The immobility time were significantly decreased in the AKE or Eleutheroside E-administrated group compared with the control group on the FST (P < 0.05). The level of blood parameters were not changed significantly. PEM-induced weight loss of mice was reduced by oral administration of 500 mg/kg AKE. AKE oral administration improved the nutritional status such as the food efficiency ratio and the adrenal gland weight. AKE treatment significantly increased the production of interferon (IFN)-$\gamma$ compared with unstimulated splenocytes but not interleukin (IL)-4. Eleutheroside E also significantly increased the IFN-$\gamma$ production but not IL-2 and IL-4 in T cell line, MOLT-4 cells. These results suggest that AKE and Eleutheroside E may influence to immune-enhancing through increasing the physical endurance capacity and immune cell activation.

Extraction of Major Constituents from Acanthopanax koreanum Stems with Water and Ethanol Solutions (탐라오가피 줄기의 용매추출 중에 유용성분의 변화)

  • Lim, Ja-Hun;Yang, Young-Taek;Ko, Jeong-Sam
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2007
  • To prepare useful foods from Acanthopanax koreanum, extraction of major constituents by water and ethanol solutions were investigated Reflux extractions of 300 g of dried material of particle size less than 0.5 cm, were carried out in 7.5 L of water, or ethanol solutions (30 -95% v/v) for 9 hr at $100^{\circ}C$. The pH values of extracted solutions were 4.0-6.5. The Color b-value of extracted solutions increased as ethanol concentrations dropped and with longer extraction times. The amounts of material in extracts increased rapidly in the first 2-3 hr of extraction. The extract levels from 30-70% ethanol solutions were 0.27-0.47 g/100 g. The main free sugars of extract were sucrose, fructose and glucose. Eleutherosides were extracted rapidly (within 3 hr), and eleutheroside extraction was best in water or in 30-70% ethanol 95% ethanol solutions were less effective. The eleutherosides were extracted to 97% by water or 30-70% ethanol solutions after 3-5 hr. Acanthoic acid extraction was more affected by ethanol level than by extraction time water achieved only trace extinction. In summary, reflux extraction in 40-70% ethanol for 3-5 hr was adequate for the extraction of functional materials from Acanthopanax koreanum.

Preparation of Extract from Acanthopanax koreanum by Extraction Conditions and Its Chemical Compositions (추출조건에 따른 탐라오갈피 진액(Extract)의 제조와 그 성분조성)

  • Jwa, Chang-Sook;Yang, Y.T.;Koh, Jeong-Sam
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.24-29
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    • 2001
  • Extracts of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai were decreased as the ethanol concentration was increased, but eleutherosides were increased. Extracts were increased as the extraction time was prolonged. Compared to 15 hrs extraction, extract yield and eleutherosides for 5 hrs extraction were 90.6% and 96%, respectively. Yields of extract and eleutherosides were 6.5% and 75% at $100^{\circ}C$. The optimum extraction conditions were obtained from the samples of 4 years' tree harvested at September, which were water and 50% ethanol as solvents, and $90^{\circ}C$ for 5 hrs extraction. Soluble solids, minerals, free sugars, free acids, free amino acids and total eleutherosides in the extract of Acanthopanax koreanum were $48.2{\sim}47.4%$, $4.5{\sim}5.3%$, 11.2711.80%, $3.02{\sim}3.18%$, 185.33 mg/100 $g{\sim}$ 348.14 mg/100 g and 990.84 mg/100 $g{\sim}$l,416.10 mg/100 g, respectively. The extract was viscous and yellowish brown liquid.

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Determination of Chiisanoside in Acanthopanax Species by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

  • Kang, Jong-Seong;Linh, Pham Tuan;Cai, Xing Fu;Lee, Jung-Joon;Kim, Young-Ho
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.45-48
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    • 2003
  • The content of chiisanoside in the Acanthopanax Species was determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method. Chiisanoside was separated from the other components in the plant extracts using Zorbax 300 SB $C_{18}$ column with gradient elution of acetonitrile. Identification of chiisanoside was carried out by comparison in the LC/MS spectrum of separated peak from extract with that of standard. By HPLC analysis in this experiment, Acanthopanax species could be classified into two groups based upon the content of chiisanoside-one with low concentration of chiisanoside, such as A. senticosus and A. koreanum, and another with high concentration of chiisanoside, such as A. senticosus f. inermis, A. Divaricatus var. albeofructus, and A. chiisanensis.

Pharmacognostical Studies on "Ga Si O Gal Pi" (가시오갈피의 생약학적 연구)

  • Keon, Seong-Jai;Park, Jong-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.50-55
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    • 2008
  • "Ga Si O Gal Pi" is one of the Korean crude drugs used mainly to cure arthritis, acute gastritis, and beriberi. With regard to the botanical origin of "Ga Si O Gal Pi", it has been considered to be Acanthopanax species of Araliaceae, but there was no pharmacognostical confirmation on it. To clarify the botanical origin of "Ga Si O Gal Pi", the anatomical characteristics of the branch of Acanthopanax species growing wild in Korea and Japan, A. chiisanensis, A. divaricatus, A. koreanum, A. rufinerve, A. senticosus, A. seoulense, A. sessiliflorus, A. sieboldiaum were studied. As a result, it was clarified that "Ga Si O Gal Pi" was the branch and rarely the bark of branch of Acanthopanax senticosus.

Analysis of Flavonoid Contents in the Fruits of Acanthopanax Species using HPLC

  • Lee, Jeong Min;Lee, Dong Gu;Lee, Ki Ho;Cho, Seon Haeng;Park, Chun-Geon;Lee, Sanghyun
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.15-19
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    • 2013
  • Analysis of flavonoid contents in the fruits of Acanthopanax species (A. chiisanensis, A. divaricatus, A. koreanum, A. senticosus, and A. sessiliflorus) was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography. A Discovery$^{(R)}$ C18 ($4.6{\times}250$ mm, 5 ${\mu}m$) column was used with a gradient mobile phase of water and acetonitrile (90 : 10 to 60 : 40 for 60 min) and UV detection was conducted at 350 nm. The contents of rutin, hyperin, quercetin, afzelin, and kaempferol were 0.063~0.540, 0.494~7.480, 0.584~0.704, 0.388~0.567, 0.190~0.471 mg/g, respectively, in the fruits of Acanthopanax species. Total content of flavonoids in the fruits of Acanthopanax species was highest in those of A. chiisanensis. Furthermore, hyperin was the most abundant compound in the fruits of Acanthopanax species. Consequently, our results demonstrate that the fruits of Acanthopanax species containing flavonoids have promising potential as a new income source of agriculture and industry in medicinal natural products, health supplements, and beverages.