• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.23 no.8 s.86
• /
• pp.147-152
• /
• 2005

This study firstly developed a tool for evaluating performance requirements of automatic vehicle identification (AVI) techniques. A microscopic traffic simulator, Paramics, was employed to investigate the effects of AVI performances on the accuracy of estimating section travel times. Mote Carlo simulation approach was incorporated into Paramics to conduct systematic evaluations of identifying required AVI performances. The proposed method in this study can serve as a logical and necessary precursor to field implementation of a variety of AVI techniques toward achieving more reliable traffic information.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.66-78
• /
• 2001

This paper deals with problem of determining process target value under automated visual inspection(AVI) system. Three independent error sources - digitizing error, illumination error, and positional error - which have a close relationship with the performance of the AVI system, are considered. Assuming that digitizing error is uniformly or normally distributed and illumination and positional errors are normally distributed, respectively, the distribution function for the error of measured lengths is derived when the length of a product is measured by the AVI system. Then, Optimal target values under two error models of AVI system are obtained by minimizing the total expected cost function which consists of give away, rework and penalty cost. To validate two process setting models, AVI system for drinks filling process is made up and test results are discussed.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.6 no.7
• /
• pp.1970-1979
• /
• 1999

This paper proposes an AVI system which recognizes the license plate and the driver's face simultaneously using passive AVI techniques. For this, firstly, the pro-processing algorithm independent of the environment is proposed and region extraction of the car number plate and the driver's face is described. Secondly, characters are separated and recognition parameters are extracted from target regions. Thirdly, template matching of car number plate is performed and the fuzzy relation matrix of driver face is made for the final recognition processes. The merits of the proposed system are following : Pre-processing is accomplished regardless of the environment. The application areas of conventional AVI system can be expanded in the content that the driver's face is also recognized in the proposed system compared with only the number plast is recognized in the existing systems.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.676-682
• /
• 2007

The bacterial number, extracellular enzyme activities and structure of bacterial community which are major constituent of aquatic ecosystem within the artificial vegetation island (AVI) were compared to those of the nearby pelagic lake waters in order to evaluate the possibility of the AVI as a eco-technological measure for water quality improvement and restoration of littoral zone in man-made reservoirs. There was not a significant difference in the total number of bacteria, but the number of active (viable) bacteria within the AVI was about 0.7 to 4.1 times higher than nearby pelagic lake water. The ratio of the number of active bacteria versus the total number of bacteria was also higher in the AVI than nearby pelagic lake water. The activities of ${\beta}$-glucosidase and phosphatase were 1.0 to 13.1 and 0.8 to 7.3 times higher respectively in the AVI than nearby pelagic lake water, showing that microorganisms were more active within the AVI. The bacterial communities of the two waters, examined by FISH method, did not indicate a clear difference in the springtime when the growth of macrophytes was immature, but during summer and fall it showed a clear difference indicating the formation of distinct bacterial community within the AVI compared to nearby lake water. From the results of this study, we conclude that AVI can contribute to make up the littoral ecosystem which show rapid cycling of matters through active detritus food chain in the dam reservoirs which have unstable aquatic ecosystem due to short hydraulic residence time and to strengthen the self-purification capacity of the lake.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.16B no.1
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2009

DVR(Digital Video Recorder) system stores video inputs in compressed digital formats and retrieve them. DVR system has several advantages over traditional analog tape recorder system which are (1) improved real-time monitoring, recording and searching capability, and (2) other capabilities such as watermarking and remote monitoring through network. AVI format is the most popular format used for DVR systems. However, AVI format has drawbacks in recording and searching due to structural problem. Some vendors develop and use their own format, do not open the format to the public. In this paper, ESP format is proposed. ESP format solves the drawbacks of AVI format, and the advantages of AVI format apply to ESP format. Moreover, ESP format provides multistream recording/replay and event-recording. In result, ESP format enchances functionality of recording and searching in DVR system.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.2 no.1 s.2
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2003

This International Standard establishes an AVI/AEI System based on radio frequency technologies. This system is intended for general application in ITS. Specially, It allows the transfer of the identification codes and further information about equipment and vehicles used in intermodal transport into such CVO and information systems related to Intermodal Transport processes. The aim of this standard is to define, describe and specify Architecture, System Parameters, Numbering/ Data structures and interface related to an AVI/AEI system to provide an enabling Standard, which, whilst allowing the system specifier to determine the performance levels and operating conditions, provides a framework for nominal interoperability. The Standard is to establish a common framework to achieve unambiguous identification in AVI/AEI applications. Thes is AVI/AEI is designed to be an 'enabling' structure to allow interoperability between different commercial systems, and not prescriptive in determining any one system. The ISO TC204 WG4 has eight active work items. A new WI on ERI is progressing quickly; three WIs for the road environment and four multimodal WIs are under development. All Work Items are joint between CEN TC278 and ISO TC204 according to the Vienna Agreement, with CEN in the lead. The work is progressing with some delay. For all the work items, the countries who have appointed experts we: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech, Denmark France, Germany, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, UK and USA. There are 30 registered experts. The study focus on the AVI/AEcl standardization and developing of the Korea standard

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.23 no.7 s.85
• /
• pp.125-136
• /
• 2005

The goal of this paper is to develop freeway Origin-Destination (OD) demand estimation model using VDS and AVI data. The formulation of methodology proposed in this paper includes traffic flow technique to be able to remove the bi-level problem and optimal solution algorithm using a kalman filter algorithm. The proposed dynamic OD estimation model use ilk and off-ramp volumes collected from VDS and partial OD collected from AVI data to raise the accuracy of dynamic OD estimation. The proposed model is evaluated by using the real-time data of SOHAEAN freeway, South Korea. The result of the proposed dynamic OD estimation model based on VDS and AVI data is better than that of based on VDS data. The more AVI systems are equipped at on and off-ramp, the more excellent result of estimation accuracy is expected.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2001.10c
• /
• pp.445-447
• /
• 2001

휴대폰의 사용이 급증하고 스마트폰, PDA와 칼은 우선 단말기 등의 개발이 점차적으로 확대됨에 딸라 이런 휴대용 단말기를 이용하여 인터넷 환경이 아닌 무선 네트웍을 이용하여 데이터 통신을 하는 일이 급속도로 증가 되고 있다. 이런 환경에서 우선 단말기에서 캐쉬를 사용한다고 하면 아직은 적은 메모리와 스토리지 용량을 가진 무선 단말기에서의 데이터 통신을 좀 더 효과적으로 이용할 수 있을 것이다. 특히 본 논문에서는 모바일 클라이언트(MC) 내의 캐쉬 된 데이터가 무효화(invalidation)될 때 서버에서 보내야 하는 무효성 보고 패킷( IR )의 발생과 관련하여 그 패킷 수를 줄여서 대역폭이 낮은 무선 환경에 적합한 알고리즘을 논의한다. MSS(Mobile Switching Station)을 이용한 계층적 캐쉬 알고리즘을 제시하며 데이터의 수정 주기를 이용한 AVI_based 알고리즘을 제시한다. MSS는 MC의 캐쉬의 내용을 알고 있는 state server의 역할을 하게 된다. MC는 캐쉬의 데이터의 avi가 이전보다 짧아졌다는 IR을 받거나 현재 시간과 avi값에 의해 그 데이터가 무효하다는 것을 판단한다. 본 논문의 마지막은 제시된 알고리즘의 시뮬레이션 설계를 통해 AVI 값의 주기성에 따른 성능 평가를 보여준다.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.78-88
• /
• 2012

AVIs on the road are installed for (1) security (2) and for traffic, and they are various managed by (1) police department, (2) local government, (3) national highway management, (4) Korean highway corporation. But although the collected data of the plate number, the travel time, the picture of the car are same, they are used in purposes of its installation because the managements are different and the data are difficult to be connected with each other. For this reason, this study is to appraise the application for creating traffic information by integrating these data, and to suggest the introduction of spatial detection system which integrated security-traffic AVI DB for the purpose of reliability improvement of center's velocity. The estimating sections of link travel information seems to be expanded, and the error rate between the center's velocity and the experimental value will be reduced if integrated DB of traffic and security AVIs is used for creating traffic information. Also, the crime prevention and arrest rate is expected to rise in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.22 no.7 s.78
• /
• pp.169-175
• /
• 2004

This paper develops a dynamic travel time prediction model for ATIS in a national highway. While there have been many research on travel time prediction, none of them is for national highway in Korea. The study uses AVI data installed on the national highway No.1 with 10km interval for travel time prediction model, and probe vehicle data for evaluating the model. The study area has many access points, so there are many outlying observations in the raw AVI data. Therefore, this study uses the algorithm proposed by the author for removing the outliers, and then Kalman filtering algorithm is applied for the travel time prediction. The prediction model is performed for 5, 10, 15 and 30 minute-aggregating interval and the results are $0.061{\sim}0.066$ for 5, 10 and 15 interval and 0.078 for 30 minute one with a little low performance as MAREs.