• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.77-105
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• 2016

Whenever Information leak case had been happened, even though IT Infra systems were reinforced, those cases of kind were not decreased. It meant that the causes are not only the fault of IT, but also other things. So that the information leak cases should have been studied by the interdisciplinary way. There was a point of view for the Business Ethics which needed to be studied in the interdisciplinary way. Financial Information Leak Case of three representative Card Companies in Korea which is happened in 2014 was a case which was composed by many problems. These were bad circumstances, half-educated, lower salary, and the most of all, the C-Levels' ignorance of the law. By studying the CLD: Causal Loop Diagram of Business Ethics and those mentioned factors, few meanings were discovered. Firstly, this case was not a accident, but a predeterminate issue at all, because of the structural unethical corruption. Secondly, main reason of this case was not only criminals who leaked information, but also managers, especially CEO who didn't obey the law, forced that to employees. Thirdly, although those companies had moral guide and did CSR activities, it was not help to protect this information leak case. This study shows that the important thing was not the action for showing, but effective action to management for sustainability.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.86-93
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was to identify the factors determining the turnover intention of nurses in Emergency Department (ED). Methods: The subjects were 123 ED nurses working at 10 general hospitals in Busan, Korea. The data were collected from August 15th to September 22nd, 2013. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program through descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Results: There were positive correlations between traumatic events experience and post-traumatic stress (r=.416, p<.001), between depression and traumatic events experience (r=.212, p=.001), between traumatic events experience and turnover intention (r=.289, p=.001), between post-traumatic stress and depression (r=.251, p=.005), and also between depression and turnover intention (r=.315, p<.001). Factors influencing turnover intention were depression and traumatic events experience with $R^2$ value 16.7%. Conclusion: Considering these results, it seems that the important factors determining the turnover intention of nurses in ED are depression and traumatic events experienced by nurses. Therefore, an active plan is needed to develop strategies for reducing nurses' depression and traumatic events experienced by nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.63-74
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• 2008

The design of best efficient production process is common requirements of the production strategy department and the process planning department to maximize the revenue and accomplish target production volumes in the production periods. And they use several general methods for that-line-balancing, removing of the bottle-neck process, facility ramp-up, increasing of the worker's utilization, etc. But, those methods have depended on analytic, static and arithmetic calculations, yet. So, irregular work-waiting time causing the delay time isn't include in extracting production capacity, especially in the line production process. The work-waiting time is changed irregularly along the variation of each machine and very important for calculate real product lead-time and forecasting target production volumes. At this thesis, i'm going to mention the importance of the delay time of conveyor system which can be extracted by discrete-event simulation. And suggest it as a new main variable that must be considered at designing new production system. Then experimented and tested that's effects in the H-company case, conveyor based line production process.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.269-282
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• 2003

We examined the hypothesis that the crater formation rate exhibits periodicity, employing data sets of Grieve (1991), Moon et al. (2001), and the Earth Impact Database(2002; DB02). DB02 is known to supercede previous compilations in terms of its accuracy and precision of the ages; it is the first time that this database has been used for periodicity analysis. For data sets comprising impact structures with $D{\geq}5km$(and also those with $D{\geq}20km$), there is no convincing evidence for periodicities in the crater ages, according to our Fourier analysis. However, we detected two peaks at 16.1Myr and 34.7Myr for craters with $D{\geq}30km$; we confirm that the age distribution of impact craters with $D{\geq}45km$ has dominant power at 16.1Myr. Thus, we may conjecture a probable periodic shower of Earth impactors with sizes $d{\geq}1.5km$. In addition, we found that the selection of data sets, the lower limits on the ages and diameters of impact craters, as well as the accuracy and precision of the ages, all constitute crucial factors in reconstructing the impact cratering history of the Earth.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.243-278
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• 2011

The main purpose of this paper is to understand the process of the poverty exit across generations through the live experience based on the grounded theory analysis of the in-depth interview. We find that poverty means a lack of achievement and freedom of agency that is a level of control about resource and situation. So exit of poverty across generations is the state that is not only to achieve functioning but also to recover capabilities. Based on this result, central phenomena of the intergenerational exit process of poverty are support from relation and continuous transition at each stage in life. Even if this central phenomenon is an important event, it has the incomplete attribute. Because support from relation is beyond individual scope of control and participants can't escape second labor market as they don't have enough time in the process of transition. Therefore, this paper suggests that the expansion of state welfare and strategy should support transition as policy priorities to minimize limitation of relation and risk of income loss.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.855-861
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• 2002

Purpose : Thymus size can be affected by several factors and perinatal diseases can be estimated by its size. The purpose of this study was to search for a relationship between cardiothymic/thoracic(CT/T) ratio and perinatal diseases such as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) and intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR) by measuring the width of the cardiothymic shadow at the level of the carina and dividing it by the width of the thorax at the costophrenic angles. Methods : A clinical study was conducted on newborn infants with RDS(n=51), IUGR(n=27), and premature rupture of membranes(PROM, n=48), who were admitted at NICU of Catholic University of Daegu from June 2000 to Oct. 2001. CT/T ratio was measured within six hrs of age, at 2-3 days of age, and at 5-7 days of age. Results : CT/T ratios of RDS group, IUGR group, and PROM group were $0.46{\pm}0.07$, $0.32{\pm}0.04$. $0.36{\pm}0.06$, respectively. CT/T ratios of RDS group within 6hrs of age, at 2-3 days of age, and at 5-7 days of age were $0.43{\pm}0.07$, $0.34{\pm}0.06$, $0.25{\pm}0.04$, respectively. There were statistically significances among the RDS group, the IUGR group, and the PROM group and in the RDS group at different times. Regression for gestational age among three groups was not statistically significant but correlation for gestational age in the entire groups was statistically significant. CT/T ratio between normal spontaneous vaginal delivery and c-section among three groups was not statistically significant. CT/T ratios with dexamethasone-treated group and untreated group was not statistically significant. Conclusion : We concluded that thymus size differed significantly in the perinatal diseases such as RDS and IUGR, and so can be used as an early diagnostic tool for perinatal diseases.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.67-81
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate lots of problems that the current tax appeal system has, which are becoming serious issues as tax appeal cases are recently increasing. Those problems include the unreasonable procedure and period of deliberation on tax appeal cases, permission of a same tax appeal by more than one governmental agencies and the compulsory transposition system of tax appeal cases. All of these problems should be rectified in order to ensure that the currently tax appeal system protect taxpayers' rights and interests effectively. According to the current tax appeal system, the period from the receipt of tax appeal cases to ruling on them is up to 90 days. This is unrealistic, so that period should be allowed to be extended if those cases about more complicated taxation or if they are even harder to be treated for any reason. At present, chief of Tax Tribunal has to unconditionally accept resolution from the meeting of tax judges and make a ruling accordingly because he has no right to reject that resolution. But now, it's time to establish legal grounds based on which the chief suggests the tax judges to reconsider their resolution if it is undoubtedly wrong. Currently, there's a relatively little acceptance of tax appeals from people who can't financially afford to designate a proxy for them. To solve this problem, lots of efforts to make socially recognized the necessity to relive those people's rights and interests and make widely known the Public Proxy of Tax Appeal System. The current tax appeal system allows the Board of Audit and Inspection to be an appealer. This means taxation may be deliberated on by more than one governmental agencies. It is so inefficient. Therefore, tax appeal by the board should be only about taxation that they found unacceptable by audit and inspection. Except for this, it is not allowed that the Board of Audit and Inspection file tax appeals that are, in turn, necessarily transported to the National Taxation. Esecially, the transposition should be a procedure that is occasionally taken. In sum, this study investigated problems with the current tax appeal system, and made suggestions about solutions that are not theoretical but practical.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.115-120
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• 2012

Objectives : Event-related potentials have been suggested as an objective marker for brain functions in psychiatric disorders. This study was aimed to investigate the relationships between P300, the mismatch negativity (MMN), the loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential (LDAEP), demographic and clinical variables including neurocognitive abilities in patients with schizophrenia. Methods : P300, the MMN, and the LDAEP were measured and the Korean Stroop color-word test (K-stroop test) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were performed in 43 patients with schizophrenia. The relationship of the latency and amplitude of P300 and the MMN as well as regression slope of the LDAEP with demographic and clinical variables were analyzed by t-test and correlation analyses for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Results : After controlling for age, the latency of central (Cz) and parietal (Pz) P300 posivitively correlated with GAF at admission (Cz ; ${\gamma}$ = 0.385, p = 0.047, Pz ; ${\gamma}$ = 0.421, p = 0.029). The amplitude of parietal P300 correlated with the correction rate of the K-stroop test (${\gamma}$ = 0.575, p = 0.002). In addition, the frontal (Fz) P300 latency tended to negatively correlated with the correction rate of the WCST (${\gamma}$ = -0.371, p = 0.057). Conclusions : Our findings suggest that the values of P300 latency and amplitude might be correlated with GAF at admission and working memory measured by the K-Stroop test and the WCST. Meanwhile, the MMN and the LDAEP did not correlate with demographic and clinical variables. These results support the results of previous studies showing associations with P300 and impaired cognitive ability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.698-702
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• 2007

Recently, it isn't hard to find split screen effects in films, TV dramas and commercial films which composes a screen with different frames of images. The TV series '24' which was produced in USA in the year 2001 and is expecting the release of its 7th series next year frequently exhibits such split screen methods. '24' is a TV drama of the events taking place in one day which is produced in the form of real-time mode and consists of 24 episodes which is an hour long. Using split screen method, the drama effectively delivers the events simultaneously taking place at different locations. Moreover, the divided frames of each screen relates to one another by means of collision, synthesis and ect. which captures the vision of the spectators. This study aims at analysing the relationships between the frames which consists split screen scenes in the drama '24' and discover its eye capturing attractions using film montage theories.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.221-242
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• 2008

Protection is to maximize the protectee's physical security by minimizing the threats and minimizing the damages caused by the threats. From this point of view, the assassination case of Israel's former Premier Yitzhak Rabin who devoted himself to proceed peace process in Middle East, on November 4, 1995, gives us a lot of lessons on protection. At that time, Israeli society was chaotic with anti-Rabin and anti-government demonstrations which is against Rabin's peace process, and they openly threatened to assassinate Premier Rabin. However, Shin Bet, Israeli Protective Agency, didn't reacted against the assassination threats effectively. Also they have to try to secure friendly public to widen the width of selection in case of crisis and to secure the credibility of the organization. They have to prevent harmful activities in advance by securing wide intelligence networks to collect and analyze various protective intelligences and preparing proper protective countermeasures. Intelligence is a basic element in protection and any protective measures not supported by intelligence activities are not useful and effective. Potential attackers study their target thoroughly and make an elaborate plan before their attack. Advance team is required to conduct security measures on a basis of analysis of vulnerability and threat factors, and close protection team should be prepared for the changing situations with crisis-consciousness. Is security, 100% perfection is not possible. However, Shin Bet failed to analyze and approach to the existing threats. They forgot the fact that security environment reflects social situations. Protection agents should be conscious of the fact that today is different from yesterday. So we have to expect what is not expected when not expected.