• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.6
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• pp.1327-1334
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to implement Web 3D environment that is not provider - oriented but client-oriented in order to provide dynamic information and to analyze knowledges by executing programs on Web pages. For these, The 3D Viewer program that parses and renders ASE files - the most general 3D Model Data file and exported text file of 3D Max Studio - is made and then converted into ActiveX 3D Viewer Component that can be used on the Web. With the purpose of managing ASE and texture file efficiently and interacting between clients and server, ActiveX Component link ASP and Database with Web Service. The 3D View Web Service can make dynamic information and cooperative works easier in Networked Virtual Reality.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.453-463
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• 2018

An analysis including ASE model accessing based on the intention of behavior performance of online university students is a new approach to improve academic persistence considering the characteristics of students with extensive personal variables, a uniqueness of learning environment. This study aimed to identify the relationship between ASE model including academic stress and academic persistence, and the effect of these factors on academic persistence of online university students. Data were collected from 181 sophomores in K open university from March to June, 2018. Frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2-test$, t-test, F-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis used for data analysis. For factors affecting academic persistence, academic stress (${\beta}=-.16$, p=.016), online learning attitude (${\beta}=.44$, p<.001), and social support among social influential factors (${\beta}=.16$, p=.045) were statistically significant and the prediction model of academic persistence showed 29% explanation power (F=15.76, p<.001). To enhance academic persistence of online university students, it is needed to develop programs to reduce academic stress, improve attitude toward online learning, and improve social support.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.11b
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• pp.685-688
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• 2003

인터넷 사용자들이 정적인 정보 페이지 검색의 형태를 벗어나 인터넷상에서 프로그램을 실행하여 정보를 해석하고 볼 뿐만 아니라, 변경하고 새롭게 창조할 수 있는 동적인 정보를 제공하기 위해 가장 보편적인 3차원 데이터, 3D MAX-Studio의 텍스트 출력물인 ASE 포맷 파일을 파싱하여 렌더링 해주는 3D Viewer 프로그램 구현 하고, 이를 ActiveX 컴포넌트인 OCX로 만들어 웹 페이지 상에서 실행 가능하게 한다. 그리고 데이터의 효율적 관리와 사용자와의 상호작용을 위하여 ASE 모델들을 위한 데이터베이스를 구축하여 사용자 상호작용적인 3D View Web Service를 실현한다. 이를 통하여 인터넷을 통한 실시간적인 정보 교환이나, 네트워크상의 가상공간 내에서의 공통 업무 작업의 가능성을 내다 보았다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.4
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• pp.467-476
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• 2013

Site index information given from forest site map only exist in the sampled locations. In this study, site index for unsampled locations were estimated using kriging interpolation method which can interpolate values between point samples to generate a continuous surface. Site index of Pinus densiplora in Danyang area were calculated using Chapman-Richards model by plot unit. Then site index for unsampled locations were interpolated by theoretical variogram models and ordinary kriging. Also in order to assess parameter selection, cross-validation was performed by calculating mean error (ME), average standard error (ASE) and root mean square error (RMSE). In result, gaussian model was excluded because of the biggest relative nugget (37.40%). Then spherical model (16.80%) and exponential model (8.77%) were selected. Site index estimates of Pinus densiplora throughout the entire area in Danyang showed 4.39~19.53 based on exponential model, and 4.54~19.23 based on spherical model. By cross-validation, RMSE had almost no difference. But ME and ASE from spherical model were slightly lower than exponential model. Therefore site index prediction map from spherical model were finally selected. Average site index from site prediction map was 10.78. It can be expected that regional variance can be considered by site index prediction map in order to estimate forest biomass which has big spatial variance and eventually it is helpful to improve an accuracy of forest carbon estimation.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Purpose:The present study was to apply the Attitudes-Social influence-Efficacy (ASE) model in order to identify factors associated with the assertive behavior of non-smoking college students when they are exposed to secondhand smokes in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from non-smoking college students (N=1,656, 76.6% female) at two universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The main outcome measure was the assertive behavior. ASE factors such as attitudes toward being assertive, social influences, and self-efficacy as well as socio-demographic, health-related, and smoking-related factors were self-administrated. Results: The mean of the assertive behavior (range 1~5 points) was 2.23;37.6% was not at all assertive, while 4.3% was always assertive. Higher assertiveness was significantly correlated with a higher level of positive attitude, social influence and self-efficacy (p<.05 for all). Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that the social influence was the strongest factor associated with the assertive behavior (${\beta}=0.430$, p<.001, $R^2$=.246), followed by self-efficacy, motive to assertiveness, having any family member who had diseases, and male gender. These factors explained the assertive behavior by 39.7%. Conclusion: The ASE model may explain the assertive behavior of non-smoking college students under secondhand smoke exposure. Social influence and self-efficacy were significant factors associated with their assertive behavior.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.999-1006
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• 2018

Obesity is epidemic worldwide and has reportedly been linked to the progression of several metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The natural products are decreasing the side effects of medicines used for obesity and also have health benefits dut to their numerous bioactive compounds. In this context, Artemisia scoparia is a widespread plant that has been suggested as possessing various types of bioactivity. In this study, the crude extract from A. scoparia (ASE) was tested for its ability to suppress adipogenesis in mouse 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. The molecular pathway by which ASE affects differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells was also investigated. The introduction of ASE to differentiating 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes resulted in suppressed adipogenesis, as confirmed by decreased intracellular lipid accumulation. The differentiating cells treated with 10 and $100{\mu}g/ml$ of ASE showed 21.9 and 29.0% less lipid accumulation, respectively, than untreated adipocytes. In addition, the results indicated that ASE treatment lowered the expression of the adipogenesis-related factors $PPAR{\gamma}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, and SREBP-1c. Furthermore, treating with ASE notably decreased levels of phosphorylated p38, ERK, and JNK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These results indicate that ASE exhibits significant anti-adipogenesis activity by downregulating the MAPK and $PPAR{\gamma}$ pathways during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Therefore, A. scoparia may be a potential source of natural products against obesity.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.1034-1042
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• 2004

In this paper, as one of countermeasure techniques for a frequency selective fading, an adaptive analog slope equalizer(ASE) applicable to 64-QAM digital radio relay system is presented in terms of principle, implementation, and its performance. Also interference of cross-talk between I- and Q-channel caused by a fiequency selective lading has been analyzed by doing channel model in the baseband, which make it possible to derive the solution for implementing ASE in If-band. The effects of signal for the faded channel are investigated in the time and the frequency domains, respectively, with/without ASE. As system performance, it is shown that the signature is improved up to 6.2 dB at the edge of signal bandwidth for a given BER 10$\^$-3/.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.471-479
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors for smoking middle school students' intention to quit smoking on the basis of the social influence and self-efficacy [ASE] model. Methods: Data were collected from 2,015 students from five middle schools in Daegu with a structured questionnaire in March, 2013 and analyzed by using $x^2$-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results: The smoking rate was 6.1% among the total subjects and 85.4% of the smokers had intention to quit smoking. The mean value of attitude toward quitting smoking was $2.15{\pm}0.34$, that of social influence $3.38{\pm}0.65$, and that of self-efficacy $2.84{\pm}0.95$. The multiple regression analysis showed an explanatory power of 24.7%, and experience of trying to quit smoking was the strongest factor affecting the intention to quit smoking (${\beta}$=.34, p<.01), followed by school years and social influence. Conclusion: In order to increase smoking middle school students' intention to quit smoking, intervention strategies are needed to increase positive social influence or to offer public information to younger smoking students in low school years.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.929-937
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) (ethanol : DW=1:1, v/v) on inhibition of type 2 diabetes using an OLETF rat model via regulation of HbA1c and AGEs levels. Supplementation with ASE 0.1% and 0.5% effectively lowered levels of glucose, insulin, oral glucose tolerance test, and Homa-insulin resistance, suggesting reduced insulin resistance. Blood levels of HbA1c and AGEs were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner. As oxidative stress plays a key role in accelerating production of HbA1c and AGEs, which worsen symptoms of type 2 diabetes, levels of malonaldehyde and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured. Lipid peroxidation in both blood and liver tissues was significantly reduced, and induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-${\beta}$ and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, which elevate production of HbA1c and AGEs, was inhibited (P<0.05). To evaluate the possible cellular events after AGEs receptor activation, genetic expression of protein kinase C (PKC)-${\delta}$ and transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}$ was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Supplementation with both ASE 0.1% and 0.5% significantly inhibited mRNA expression of PKC-${\delta}$ and TGF-${\beta}$, indicating that ASE may have beneficial effects on preventing insulin-resistant cells or tissues from progressing to diabetic complications. Taken together, ASE has potential to improve type 2 diabetes by inhibiting insulin resistance and protein glycosylation, including production of HbA1c and AGEs. Anti-oxidative activities of ASE are a main requisite for reducing production of HbA1c and AGEs and are also related to regulation of the PKC signaling pathway, resulting in suppression of TGF-${\beta}$, which increases synthesis of collagen, prostaglandin, and disease-related proteins.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.85-96
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• 2001

Recent development of a smart structures module and its successful integration with a multidisciplinary design optimization software $ASTROS^*$ and an Aeroservoelasticity module is presented. A modeled F-16 wing using piezoelectric actuators is used as an example to demonstrate the integrated software capability to design a flutter suppression system. For an active control design, neural network based controller is used for this study. A smart structures module is developed by modifying the existing thermal loads module in $ASTROS^*$ in order to include the effects of the induced strain due to piezoelectric actuation. The control surface/piezoelectric equivalence model principle is developed, which ensures the interchangeability between the control surface force input and the piezoelectric force input to the Aeroservoelasticity modules in $ASTROS^*$. The results show that the developed controller can increase the flutter speed.