• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.310-317
• /
• 2022

The mass attenuation coefficient is the primary physical parameter to model narrow beam gamma-ray attenuation. A new machine learning based approach is proposed to model gamma-ray shielding behavior of composites alternative to theoretical calculations. Two fuzzy logic algorithms and a neural network algorithm were trained and tested with different mixture ratios of vanadium slag/epoxy resin/antimony in the 0.05 MeV-2 MeV energy range. Two of the algorithms showed excellent agreement with testing data after optimizing adjustable parameters, with root mean squared error (RMSE) values down to 0.0001. Those results are remarkable because mass attenuation coefficients are often presented with four significant figures. Different training data sizes were tried to determine the least number of data points required to train sufficient models. Data set size more than 1000 is seen to be required to model in above 0.05 MeV energy. Below this energy, more data points with finer energy resolution might be required. Neuro-fuzzy models were three times faster to train than neural network models, while neural network models depicted low RMSE. Fuzzy logic algorithms are overlooked in complex function approximation, yet grid partitioned fuzzy algorithms showed excellent calculation efficiency and good convergence in predicting mass attenuation coefficient.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.58-67
• /
• 2018

고지방 식이 유도 비만 흰쥐에 Monascus purpureus균주로 발효시킨 참당귀 추출물을 식이에 첨가하였을 때 나타나는 체중 및 내장지방의 감소, 혈중 및 조직 내 중성지질 및 과산화지질 수준에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. FAG섭취로 인해 체중증가 및 내장지방 축적 비율을 효과적으로 낮추었으며, 간 기능 지표로 활용되는 혈중 AST, ALT, LDH 및 ALP 활성 변화는 정상 수치와 비슷한 수준으로 감소되었다. FAG를 섭취함으로서 혈중 중성지질 농도가 정상 수준으로 감소하였으며, 혈중 leptin 호르몬 함량 또한 정상 수치와 비슷한 수준으로 증가하였다. 고지방 식이 섭취로 인한 각 조직 과 혈청 내 과산화지질(TBARS)을 측정한 결과 고지방 식이만 섭취한 C군에 비해 각 실험군에서 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 특히 FAG10군에서 가장 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. Hematoxylin과 eosin 염색 및 Oil red O 염색을 통해 FAG를 섭취함에 따라 간장 내 지질침착도의 감소를 확인였으며, 부고환 주변 지방 조직의 hematoxylin과 eosin 염색으로 지방세포의 크기가 감소되었음을 확인하였다.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.103-108
• /
• 1995

Rat renal proximal tubule suspension was prepared from adult male Sprague Dawley rat (250-300g) by mechanical (non-enzymatical) method and evaluated as a pontential model for mechanistic studies and early screening of nephrotoxicity, using anionic antibiotics (cephaloridine). Cephaloridine (CPL) produced an increase in LDH release into media. This release results from decrease a proximal tubule cell viability and subsequently increase the permeability of cell viability and subsequently increase the permeability of cell membrane. Since loss of intracellular potassium and ATP into media is the sign of disruption of cell membrane, especially basolateral membrane (BLM), CPL induced proximal tubule cell compromise also appear be associated with BLM, maybe $Na^+-K^+$ ATPase. Also seen was significant depression in brush border membrane (BBM) ALP activity and no significantly increase in BBM GGT activities. The inhibition of typical anion, PAH accumulation (especially, CPL 5 mM) and cation, TEA (especially, 4hours incubation) were seen dose dependently. This is because of CPL accumulation in renal proximal tubule and increase of cytotoxicity.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 2001

The antihepatic and hypolipidemic activities and total lipid levels of water extract of Plantaginis Herba, used for respiratory and renal disorder in folk medicine, were evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, i.ｐ.). Water extract of Plantaginis Herba recovered enzyme activities such as GOT, GPT, ALP and LDH increased by streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. This crude drug also suppressed the enhanced production of lipid in hyperglycemia. These results strongly suggest that Plantaginis Herba be a promising liver-protective and hypolipidemic agent.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.547-555
• /
• 2009

이 실험은 복강 유착 방지효과를 나타내는 Poloxamer/Sodium Alginate (PX/SA) 혼합물의 최소용량과 주요기 관의 독성 여부에 대해 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 건강한 잡종성견 25마리를 음성대조군 (무처치), 양성대조군 (2% carboxymethyl chitosan 용액 처치), 실험군 1 (PX/SA 혼합물 0.25 ml 처치), 실험군 2 (PX/SA 혼합물 0.5 ml 처치), 실험군 3 (PX/SA 혼합물 1.0 ml 처치) 으로 나누고 각 군당 5마리씩 배치하였다. 혈액학 검사 (백혈구,섬유소원)와 혈액화학 검사(AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, Creatinine)를 위해 정맥에서 혈액을 채취하였다. 유착방지효과를 알아보기 위해 돌창자에 찰과상을 일으켜 carboxymethyl chitosan 용액, PX/SA 혼합물을 처치하는 장막 찰과 모델을 이용하였다. 유착부위의 유착강도는 장력측정기를 이용하여 측정하였다. 조직검사를 위해 각 군의 모든 개로부터 간과 신장 조직을 채취하였다. PX/SA혼합물을 처치한 실험군이 음성 대조군보다 유착발생 빈도와 유착강도 모두 낮게 측정되었다. 실험군 간의 비교에서 실험군 2에서 유착강도가 유의적으로 감소하였다. AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, Creatinine 은 대조군과 실험군 사이 유의적 차이가 발견되지 않았으며, 모든 군에서 얻어진 조직 표본에서도 군간 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 실험의 결과, PX/SA 혼합물 0.5 ml는 복강 유착 형성을 효과적으로 감소시켰으며, 물질이며, 혈액 및 주요 장기에 대한 독성도 없는 것으로 사료된다

• 산업식품공학
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.318-325
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 다슬기의 간 보호 효능을 확인하고자 하였다. 다슬기를 단백질 가수분해효소인 alcalase를 이용하여 가수분해물을 얻은 후 실험을 수행하였다. HepG2 세포에 다슬기 가수분해물을 처리하였을 때 세포독성이 나타나지 않음을 확인하였다. 그리고 다슬기 가수분해물과 에탄올(1 M)을 가하여 24시간 후 세포생존율을 확인했을 때, 세포가 알코올 독성으로부터 보호되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 다음으로 다슬기 가수분해물의 간 손상 보호 효과를 Liber-DeCarli 알코올 액체 식이 급여와 동시에 경구 투여를 통한 알코올 단회 폭음(single binge)으로 알코올성 지방간과 염증을 유발시킨 마우스모델(NIAAA)을 사용하여 확인하고자 하였다. 이들 마우스 모델에서 알코올 식이 급여 후 초기에 체중이 감소하는 경향을 보이나 점차 비알코올 식이 급여군과 유사한 체중으로 회복하였다. 조직학적 관찰에서 알코올로 유도된 간 세포내 지방 축적과 지방성 염증이 에탄올과 함께 다슬기 가수분해물을 투여한 군에서 개선되는 것을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 또한, 알코올 투여에 의한 AST, ALT 및 ALP의 효소활성 증가가 다슬기 가수분해물 처리에 의해 억제되었으며, 만성 알코올 섭취에 의한 염증 매개 효소와 염증성 사인토카인의 발현 증가는 다슬기 가수분해물을 투여한 군에서 양성대조군에 비하여 유의하게 감소하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해 보면 다슬기 효소 가수분해물 소재는 알코올성 지방간의 예방 및 개선을 위한 기능성식품용 상업적 소재로서 높은 실용화 가능성을 시사한다.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.77-90
• /
• 2021

In the present study, novel chitosan coated magnetic magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were successfully biosynthesized from mushroom, Agaricus campestris, extract. The obtained bio-nanocomposite material was used to investigate ultra-fast and highly efficient for removal of Ni2+ ions in a fixed-bed column. Chitosan was treated as polyelectrolyte complex with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a Fungal Bio-Nanocomposite Material (FBNM) was derived. The FBNM was characterized by using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared spectra (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) techniques and under varied experimental conditions. The influence of some important operating conditions including pH, flow rate and initial Ni2+ concentration on the uptake of Ni2+ solution was also optimized using a synthetic water sample. A Central Composite Design (CCD) combined with Response Surface Modeling (RSM) was carried out to maximize Ni2+ removal using FBNM for adsorption process. A regression model was derived using CCD to predict the responses and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and lack of fit test was used to check model adequacy. It was observed that the quadratic model, which was controlled and proposed, was originated from experimental design data. The FBNM maximum adsorption capacity was determined as 59.8 mg g-1. Finally, developed method was applied to soft drinks to determine Ni2+ levels. Reusability of FBNM was tested, and the adsorption and desorption capacities were not affected after eight cycles. The paper suggests that the FBNM is a promising recyclable nanoadsorbent for the removal of Ni2+ from various soft drinks.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2023

Bisphosphonates, estrogen, and calcium supplements are commonly used medications for postmenopausal osteoporosis, but they are associated with various side effects such as vaginal bleeding, deep vein thromembolism, and breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of a compound isolated from the roots of Oryza sativa L. to improve osteoporosis using an ovariectomized mouse model. We isolated and identified oryzativol A, a lignan compound, through chemical analysis of an ethanol extract using a bioassay-guided fractionation protocol. We also examined the metabolism, clearance, and CYP enzyme activity of oryzativol A, and found that it showed plasma stability of over 80% at all analysis times, and indicating a low likelihood of inactivation or excretion by the CYP3A4 enzyme. Our results showed that the high-dose group of oryzativol A exhibited a significant increase in bone mineral density compared to the control group. Although the ALP concentration did not differ significantly compared to the control group, it showed a tendency to increase in the high-dose group of oryzativol A. Furthermore, the abnormal ratio of serum Ca/P, caused by osteoporosis, was improved to a level closer to that of the normal group as the dosage of oryzativol A increased. Taken together, these findings suggest that oryzativol A is stable in vivo and has potential as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis, particularly when administered in high doses.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.108-117
• /
• 1999

Hepatic tumorigenesis was induced by ad libitum feeding of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) only. We could also observe hepatic tumor induction in 100% of DEN treated rats without any other cocarcinogen. The liver specific enzyme activities (AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}$-GTP) were significantly increased (P<0.05) in all treated groups compared to control and induced apoptosis groups. In histopathological analysis, the altered foci, hyperplastic nodules, neoplastic nodules, adenomas and carcinomas were observed in liver tumors induced by administration of DEN in rats. Lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis in D-galactosamine sensitized mice was investigated in hepatocytes in vivo. Typical morphological changes of apoptosis were detectable in liver 12 hr and 24 hr after the injection of Lipopolysaccharide (5 $\mu\textrm{g}$) and D-galactosamine (20 mg) to mice. It was suggested that organ specific enzyme activities and morphological findings might be very useful for understanding the role of hepatic tumorigenesis including the apoptotic cell death.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2008

Purpose: Osteoporosis that occurred after menopause is one of the most common metabolic disease. and it is that bone mass significant decrease in comparison with normal people. Its symptoms are fracture, decrease of height, etc. The purpose of this study is to examine what are the effects of the Gamisoyosan on the aged ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods: 24 female rats were ovariectomized and divided into normal group(normal), ovariectomized group(control), and treated with Gamisoyosan group(treated). During 8 weeks we dosed D.W to sham and control group, and dosed Gamisoyosan(105 mg/100 g) to experimental group. After 8 weeks we sacrificed rats and measured the body weight, albumin, P, Calcium, ALP, total cholesterol, triglyceride, AST, ALT, T4, estradiol, the femur weight, the tibia ash weight, trabecular bone area, trabecular thickness, osteoclast number. Results: The level of serum albumin, calcium, AST, ALT, estradiol in Gamisoyosan group showed significant increase in comparison with control group. The level of serum triglyceride in Gamisoyosan group showed significant decrease in comparison with control group. Trabecular bone area and osteoclast number in Gamisoyosan group showed significant increase in comparison with control group. Conclusions: Reviewing these experimental results, Gamisoyosan has shown to activate osteogenesis and prevent bone resorption, and it should show efficacy on prevention and improvement of osteoporosis after menopause.