• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.141-145
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• 1977

This study was conducted from 1974 to 1977 at Chedong Animal Farm in Che-Ju to determine the effect of sex of calves, birth year and season, breeds and crossing methods on the birth weight of cattle. A total of 1020 calves from Angus, Charolais, Hereford breeds and their crossbred were used for the study and least square methods was applied to analysis the data. Birth weight of male calves was 1kg heavier than that of female. Highly significant differences were obtained in the effects of birthyear on the birth weight, i.e. the cattle born in 1976 and 1977 was 0.9 and 0.2kg heavier in birth weight than those born in 1975. The cattle born in 1974, when the farm was established, was 1.7kg lighter than those in 1975. The calves born in the spring and the summer was 0.6 and 0.3kg heavier in birth weight than those born in the winter. The calves born in the fall was 0.9kg lighter than the calves born in the winter. In birth weight, Charolais breed were 0.4kg heavier than those from Hereford breed. Angus breed were 1.1kg lighter than Hereford. The crossbred between Charolais and Hereford breed were 1.5kg heavier than the Hereford. The birth weight of calves from Angus and Hereford crossbred and Angus and Charolais crossbred were 0.6 and 0.4kg lighter, than Hereford breed respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 1978

The morphological characteristics of vascular bundle sheath occurring on the culm wall were investigated by using many species of Bambusa and Sasa in order to test new classification method for endomorphological charateristics of Bamboos. The results obtained were as follows. 1. As for the thickness of the culm wall in the culm, it was shown that the culm wall of the Bambusa becomes thinner in propertion to its nearness to the upper part of the tree, but no distinctive difference appeared in the Sasa. 2. It was shown that many species of Bambusa has a, b types but the Sasa had a' type and had a, b types. 3. It was shown that many species of Bambusa had e', h, and i types but the Sasa had not them and both of species had not f type. 4. It was shown that many species of Bambusa had c, d, e, and g types, but the Sasa had c, d, and e types and had not g type. 5. In the classification of Bambusa and Sasa, The method of the physiological classification was more effective than test of external observation, and it will encourage further study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 1978

Enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrate from Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr (8-14years) was investigated using cellulase preparations of Trichoderma viride Pers. ex. Fr. SANK 16374 and conduced on the optimum reaction conditions of the cellulase on saccharification. The crude cellulase was produced by the submerged culture process and produced in the culture fluid was salted out quantitatively by the use of ammonium sulfate. The method of delignification from wood(Saw dust) was treated by the peracetic acid (PA) method. Reducing sugar was determined by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. The results were summerized as follows; 1. The optimum pH of cellulase was 5.0 and the range of stability with respect to pH was generally from 4.0 to 6.0 2. The optimum temperature of cellulase was generally $40^{\circ}C$, but reducing sugar formation did not show significent differences at 5% levels in the reaction temperature from $40^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$. 3. The redusing sugar were increased with increase of cellulase concentration. 4. The reducing sugar were decreased with increase of substrate concentration. 5. Fructose was a very good inhibitor of the enzyme from Trichoderma viride, but glucose inhibition was generally weak.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.4
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• pp.51-54
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• 1965

The study was initiated to investigate the nature of varietal resistance to the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis WALKER), specially the rotation of the resistance to the silica and nitrogen content of the host Plants. 1. The body freight of the larvae, reared on the stem of the various varieties of rice plants, when weighed at the age of 25 days old, showed great variation, and ranged from 21.24 mgrs. to 45.77 mgrs. depending on the used varieties of tile rice plants. And generally the varieties of Indica types were showed greater body weight than that of Japonica types in this experiments. 2. The positive correlation coefficients of percent survivals to body weight, developement, oviposition preference and rate of damage to host plants were significant, and consequently the percent survival could be used as a criteria of resistance. 3. The content of silica in the host plants was significantly correlated with both the degree of boring on the leaf and attractovemess of larvae, and the total nitrogen content of plants showed significant positive correlation coefficient with larval attractivenes, but not significant with the degree of boring on the leaf. 4. Since the attractiveness and boring manner were significantyly correlated to resistance criteria of rice plant to the pest, it could be considered that the resistance is the results of chain reaction of the factors mentioned above.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.4
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• pp.47-50
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• 1965

Many of the chlorophenol derivatives are widely used as insecticides, herbicides and plant growth regulators. The function and use of these chemicals would be different according to the number of chlorine and their chemical structures. It was reported in this article that 1) Bis(trichlorophenoxy) ethane was synthesized with 2 mol-trichlorophenol and 1 moi-dibromoethane in 2 moi-Sodium hydroxide alcohol solution, and 3) the insecticidal activity of Bis(trichlorophenoxy) ethane was compared with Phenkapton, Tedion V-18, BHC, and DDT, on Citrus red mite, Bombix mori (Silk worm), and Daikon leaf beetle(Phaedon brassicae) 3) The toxicity of Bis(2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy) ethane and Bis(2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy) ethane was studied on mice. The following results were obtained. 1) Yield of Bis(2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy) ethane, $50.06\%$, m.p. $157-159^{\circ}C$, and yield of Bis(2,4, 6-trichlorophenoxy) ethane, $32.60\%$, m.p. $162-163^{\circ}C$. 2) Insecticidal activity of Bis(2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy) ethane to Citrus red mite is stronger than that of Tedion V-18, and weaker than that of Phenkapton. 3) Insecticidal activity of Bis(2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy) ethane to Bombix mori is weaker than those of BHC and DDT. 4) Insecticidal activity of Bis(2. 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy) ethane to Daikon leaf beetle proved to be ineffective. 5) Five rams of Bis(2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy) ethane and Bis(2, 4, 6-trichlorophenoxy) ethane pet kg of body weight respectively were given to mice orally, and none of the mouse was killed by it after a period of 72 hours. Therefore it seems that there is almost no toxicity.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.18 no.1 s.38
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• pp.55-61
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• 1979

Since rice high yielding practices with blast resistant varieties induced severe and earlier infestation of sheath blight recently, it is strongly suggested to spray at least 10 days earlier than the present recommendation and more than 2 sprays from early July to early August seems to be essential for the efficient control of sheath blight in the future. Among organo-arsenic fungicides, MAFe (Neo Asozin) is known as the most effective and economic as well as with the advantages of free phytotoxicity and safe residure on rice, and applications of the mixed formulation with other fungicide and insecticide is suitable for the one-hit control of rice diseases and insect pests in connection with cooperative mass control system. Present level of arsenic $(As_2O_3)$ residue in .ice is summarized as 0.2ppm to 0.65 ppm in highest average, and there are more possibilities of extensive MAFe fungicide uses for the efficient and economic control of this disease. During the past few years, the acreage of sheath blight control has been extended several times while the increase of the fungicides used for sheath blight showing about 10 times in quantity and mort than 15 times in amount, and also the fungicide cost estimated for the control is differ from 1 to 12 billion 1on by the use of MAFe or antibiotic fungicide in a year.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 1972

지리산은 해발 1915m인 남한 본토 최고인 명산이며 국립공원으로 지정된 바도 있으나 아직 그 동물상에 대한 조사는 불충분한 바 있다. 1972년 8월 11일-14일의 4일간에 걸쳐 남궁 윤은 한라산 거미상과의 비교 검토를 위하여 지리산의 제 2 고봉인 반야봉과 제 3고봉인 노고단을 중심으로 한 지리산 서남면인 "겉지리산"의 일부를 조사하였다. 한편 백외는 1971년 7일 하순 화엄사, 노고단 및 피아골의 거미상에 대해 조사한 바 있다. 광대한 지리산의 전체적인 면모를 파악하기에는 미급한 조사였지만 대치적인 특징을 추찰한 수 있었기에 이에 보고코져 한다. 지리산 거미에 대하여는 백 갑용(1942-1972), 백운하외 (1970) 등에 의해 18과 76종 (3미확정종포함)이 보고된 바 있으나 채집기록에 불분명한 바가 있고, 그 환경이나 수직분포 등에 대하여는 언급된 바가 없었다. 금번 조사한 장소를 고도별로 보면 다음과 같다. 연곡사(300-400m), 화엄사(400-600m), 피아골(500-900m), 화엄사골(600-900m), 용수바위 (900-1300m), 코재 (900-1300m), 임걸령(1400-1500m), 노고단(1400-1550m), 반야봉(1550-1750m) (1) 이 조사보고에서는 종전의 보고에서 기록이 분명한 것을 종합하여 21과 135종 (미확정종 6종 포함)의 목록을 작성하였다. (2) 지리산 추가종 56종을 확인하였으며 그 중에서 한국 미기록종은 16종이다. (목록에 *표를 한 것) (3) 미확정종은 개체특징이 분명한 것만 수록했으며 이들 중 금후 연구로써 신종으로 기재됨 것도 있다. (4) 이번 조사의 결과로는 지리산의 거미상은 북방종 26종$(20.2\%)$ 남방종 8종$(6.2\%)$ 세계공통종이 3종$(2.3\%)$으로 북방온대성 $(71.3\%)$의 경향이 짙으다. (5) 고도분포는 반야봉 (1550-1750m)에서 18종$(7.3\%)$, 1400-1550m가 38종$(15.5\%)$, 900-1400m에서 39종$(15.8\%)$, 600-900m에서 72종$(29.2\%)$, 600m이하에서 79종$(32.1\%)$으로 고도가 높아짐에 따라 종수가 점감되고 1300m 이상에 서식하는 것은 44종$(32.6\%)$에 불과하였다. (6) 지리산의 우점종은 대륙접시거미 (Prolinyphia emphana)로 600m 이상부터 산정부에 걸쳐 널리 분포하며, 개체수에 있어서도 가장 많았다. 깡충거미과(Salticidae), 늑대거미과(Lycosidae)가 극히 적은 것도 특징적이라 하겠다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 1986

To obtain basic information required for improving grain yield of the two modified opaque-2 synthetics, which have been developed at College of Agr., Chungnam National Univ. in 1980 and named as Puyo No.2 and No.3, physical kernel characteristics of the two synthetics were fully investigated and results obtained are as follows: Puyo No.2 synthetics had a smaller kernel size with lighter weight than the Puyo No.3. The Puyo No.2 synthetics had higher kernel density than the Puyo No.3 with large Kernel size. The Puyo No.2 had kernels with heterogenous endosperm phenotypes. Some kernels had mottled patches on endosperm, while other kernels 1/2 and 1/2 phenotypes. All the modified opaque-2 synthetics had somewhat lighter endosperm weight than the normal check hybrid. The Puyo No.2 synthetics with smaller kernel size had more germ portion compared with large kernel, Puyo No.3. The Puyo No.2 had shown also typical endosperm texture when observed under microscope after cutting by glass knife. The lysine content of the Puyo No.2 was higher than those of other varieties studied. Breeding schemes to improve the yield capacity of the two modified opaue-2 synthetics were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.303-308
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• 2000

용언은 그 어간이 여러 문법소와 결합하면서 자동적 음운 변동을 제외한 형태 변동이 있는가, 없는가에 의해 규칙 용언/불규칙 용언으로 구분할 수 있다. 이러한 불규칙 용언은 심성 어휘집에 어떤 형태로 저장되어 있으며, 규칙 용언과는 어떠한 관계가 있는지, 나아가 실어증 환자의 경우에는 정상인에 비해 어떤 행동장애를 보이며, 장애가 있다면 어느 경로의 손상으로 인한 장애인지를 알아보는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 이를 위해 이해성 실어증 환자 한 명과 음어적 실행증 현상을 동반한 경미한 정도의 실어증 환자를 피험자로 하였다. 실험 과제는 단어 채워 넣기 과제(word completion task)를 사용하였다. 즉 주어진 기본형 용언을 검사 문장의 문맥에 맞게 활용하여 채워 넣는 것이다. 실험 결과에 의하면 환자들은 규칙용언의 활용(예. 먹다/먹는)과 불규칙 용언 중 형태를 유지한 채로 활용하는 경우(예. 줍다/줍고)에는 거의 오류가 없었으나, 불규칙 용언이 형태 변화를 겪어야 할 경우(예. 줍다/주워)에는 대부분 오류를 보였다. 또 이때는 기본형(basic form)을 그대로 유지하는 오류 방향성을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이는 그간 문법으로 구분되어 오던 규칙 용언/불규칙 용언의 정보 처리보다는 형태 유지/형태 변화 정보 처리의 영향이 크다는 것을 알 수 있다. 특히 이해성 실어증 환자는 전체적인 오류율이 매우 높았는데, 규칙 용언의 경우에도 오류를 보였다. 이때, 용언의 어간에 해당하는 부분에는 오류가 없고, 뒤에 따르는 내용과의 관계를 파악해야 하는 문법 기능소, 즉 연결 어미에서 오류를 보여 정보의 유지, 통합에 문제가 있다는 기존의 연구와도 일치하는 결과를 나타냈다.환자는 시제 선어말 어미를 선택하는데도 어려움을 보임이 확인되었다. 실험 3 역시 실험 1과 실험2에서와 동일하게 처리의 어려움을 보였다. 이러한 실험 결과들은 국어의 존칭과 시제 선어말 어미가 통사부에서 구(XP)와 결합하여 새로운 구를 형성하는 통사적 접사로 해석할 수 있으며 Grodzinsky의 가설을 지지하는 결과를 보여 줌으로서 국어에서도 AgrP, TP, CP 사이의 통사적 위계가 있음을 뒷받침하는 증거가 된다.전처리한 Group 3에서는 IL-2와 IL-4의 수준이 유의성있게 억제되어 발현되었다 (p < 0.05). 이러한 결과를 통하여 T. denticola에서 추출된 면역억제 단백질이 Th1과 Th2의 cytokine 분비 기능을 억제하는 것으로 확인 되었으며 이 기전이 감염 근관에서 발견되는 T. denticola의 치수 및 치근단 질환에 대한 병인기전과 관련이 있는 것으로 사료된다.을 보였다. 본 실험 결과, $Depulpin^{\circledR}은{\;}Tempcanal^{\circledR}와{\;}Vitapex^{\circledR}$에 비해 높은 세포 독성을 보여주공 있으나, 좀 더 많은 임상적 검증이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추론할 수 있다.근관벽을 처리하는 것이 필요하다고 사료된다.크기에 의존하며, 또한 이러한 영향은 $(Ti_{1-x}AI_{x})N$ 피막에 존재하는 AI의 함량이 높고, 초기에 증착된 막의 업자 크기가 작을 수록 클 것으로 여겨진다. 그리고 환경의 의미의 차이에 따라 경관의 미학적 평가가 달라진 것으로 나타났다.corner$적 의도에 의한 경관구성의 일면을 확인

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 1981

An effective method for isolation of the major components of ginseng saponin such as $ginsenoside-Rb_{1},\;-Rb_2,$ -Rc, -Rd, -Re and $-Rg_1$, and the minor components such as ginsenoside-Rf, $-Rg_2,\;and-Rh_1$, was developed and reported in previous papers (J. Korean Agr. Chem. Soc., 23(4), 199 and 206(1980) The conditions and procedures used for isolation and identification for ginsenosides described in the previous papers were not sufficient enough for clean separation of minor components, $ginsenoside-Rh_1,\;and-Rh_2$. In this work, modifications in extraction method and in mobile phase for HPLC were attempted. It was found that application of ethyl acetate extraction at $60^{\circ}C$ for 3 hr on crude saponin resulted in a removal of diol group saponin from crude saponin which made it possible for using higher portion of acetonitrile in mobile phase. The mixed solvents of acetonitrile : water (92 : 8 and 94 : 6) gave excellent resolution of $ginsenoside-Rh_1\;and\;-Rh_2$.