• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.221-236
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• 2020

To reduce the CO₂ emissions associated with the manufacture of portland cement (PC), an efficient alternative like an alkali-activated binder (AAB) is the requirement of the industry. To promote the use of AAB in construction activities, a practically implementable mix proportion is required. Owing to the several raw ingredients of AAB concrete and their associated uncertainties, partial replacement of PC by AAB may be adopted instead of complete replacement as per industrial requirements. Hence, the present study aims to determine an optimal proportion for partial replacement of PC with AAB and recommend a technique for it based on site conditions. Three modes of partial replacement are followed: combining all the dry ingredients for AAB and PC followed by the addition of the requisite liquids (PAM); combining the PC and the AAB concrete in two horizontal layers (PAH); and two vertical layers (PAV). 28-day old specimens are exposed to 10% v/v solutions of HCl, H₂SO₄, and HNO₃ to evaluate changes in mechanical, physical, and microstructural characteristics through compressive strength, corrosion depth, and microscopy. Based on deterioration in strength and integrity, PAH or PAV can be adopted in absence of acid attack, whereas PAM is recommended in presence of acid attack.

• 대한약리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약리학회 2006년도 The 6th Congress of the Federation of Asian and Oceanian Physiological Societies
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• pp.93.2-93.2
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• 2006

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2022

Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are versatile organisms involved in the production of variety of fermented foods, such as vinegar and kombucha, and products of biotechnological relevance, such as bacterial cellulose. In the present study, Malatya apricot, a variety with protected designation of origin (PDO), and vinegar samples produced using various fruits were used to isolate AAB. The 19 AAB isolates obtained were typed using (GTG)5 fingerprinting, and the ones selected were identified by sequencing either 16S rDNA alone or in combination with 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region or ligA gene. While all apricot isolates (n = 10) were Gluconobacter cerinus, vinegar isolates (n = 9) were composed of Komagataeibacter saccharivorans, Acetobacter syzygii, and possible two new species of AAB, Komagataeibacter sp., and Gluconobacter sp. (GTG)5 fingerprinting showed the presence of several genotypes of G. cerinus in the apricot samples. Screening for some technologically relevant properties, including thermotolerance, ethanol tolerance, and cellulose production capability, showed that all Komagataeibacter and some Gluconobacter isolates could tolerate the temperature of 35℃, and that vinegar isolates could tolerate up to 8% ethanol. One isolate, Komagataeibacter sp. GUS3 produced bacterial cellulose (1 g/l) and has the potential to be used for cellulose production.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.523-539
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• 2016

Alkali-activated binder (AAB) is increasingly being considered as an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to portland cement (PC). The present study evaluates 30 different AAB mixtures containing fly ash and/or slag activated by sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate by correlating their properties from micro to specimen level using regression. A model is developed to predict compressive strength of AAB as a function of volume fractions of microstructural phases (physicochemical properties) and ultrasonic pulse velocity (elastic properties and density). The predicted models are ranked and then compared with the experimental data. The correlations were found to be quite reasonable (R2 = 0.89) for all the mixtures tested and can be used to estimate the compressive strengths for similar AAB mixtures.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2012

본 연구는 가축 체지방 감소를 위한 수동면역학적 기법의 기초자료 확보를 위해 흰쥐 지방부위별(복강 및 피하지방) 특이 다클론 항체를 개발하고자 실시되었다. 흰쥐 부위별 지방 조직에서 지방세포를 분리하고 각각 primary 배양시킨 후 개발된 복강지방(AAb) 및 피하지방 특이 다클론 항체(SAb)를 주입한 뒤 media 내 lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) 방출 수준을 조사하였다. 희석배율 1:1,000배를 기준으로 비면역 혈청은 항원-항체 결합 반응이 거의 측정되지 않았고, AAb 및 SAb는 희석배율 1:128,000배까지 각각 항원-항체 반응이 감지되었다. 부위별 지방과 비교했을 때, AAb 및 SAb는 흰쥐 타 장기들과는 특이한 반응을 나타내지 않았다(p<0.001). 본 연구에서 개발한 두 항체들은 모두 항원으로 이용된 부위의 지방세포 PMP와 가장 높은 반응을 나타내었으며, 지방세포 배양을 통한 LDH 수준 검사에서는 AAb 및 SAb 모두 비면역혈청에 비해 유의적으로 높은 세포파괴가 일어났음을 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.01). 이상의 결과를 종합할 때 본 연구에서 개발된 AAb 및 SAb는 높은 역가, 타장기 안전성 및 in vitro 지방 감소 효과가 있었다고 생각된다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the landscape preference and landscape images of the Agricultural Aqueduct Bridges(AAB) by several different criteria. Semantic Differential Scale(SD scale) with landscape adjectives and landscape preference are used to estimate the alternatives of the AAB. The statistic methods such as descriptive analysis, t-test, factor analysis and regression, cluster analysis, are operated. The landscape preference of the alternatives is generally positive, 3.977 out of 7.000. The gate type is the most preferred, but the road-along type is the worst, by the location types. The simple repair type is the worst preferred, but total remodeling is the most, by the repair types. The characteristics of the AAB are analyzed and 4 factors of visual landscape are contracted; interest, orderliness, naturality and spatiality. Cumulative factor loading of these factors is about 65%, which is quite high. The higher and bigger AAB's are preferred, and the advanced finishing materials are also preferred, such as aluminum or wood panels. The long span is also preferred and the high repair cost would be preferred. But in this study, the cost-benefit analysis is not included, so it is recommended to research further, considering the cost variable with the visual factors.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.543-547
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• 2005

Organic electroluminescence devices were made from 1,4-bis-(9-anthrylvinyl)benzene (AVB) and 1,4-bis-(9-aminoanthryl)benzene (AAB) anthracene derivatives. Device structure was ITO/AVB/PANI(EB)/Al (multi-layer device) and ITO/AAB:DCM/Al(single-layer device). In these devices, AVB, polyaniline(emeraldine base) (PANI(EB)) and AAB were used as the emitting material. 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-p-(dimethylamino)styryl-4H -pyran(DCM) was used as red fluorescent dopant. We studied change of fluorescence wavelength with concentration of DCM doped in AAB. The ionization potential (IP) and optical band gap (Eg) were measured by cyclic voltammetry and UV-visible spectrum. We compared with difference of emitting wavelength between photoluminescence and electroluminescence spectrum. In case of the multi-layer device, PANI and AVB EL spectra have similar wave pattern to each PL spectrum and when PAM and AVB were used at the same time, and multi-layer device showed that a balanced recombination and radiation kom PANI and AVB. In case of the single-layer device, with the increase of DCM concentration, the blue emission decreases and red emission increases. This indicates that DCM was excited by the energy transfer from AAB to DCM or the direct recombination at the dopant sites due to carrier trapping, or both. The device with $1.0wt\%$ DCM concentration gave white light.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aims to validate the effect of autoclaved autogenous bone (AAB), incorporating Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ErhBMP-2), on critical-sized, segmental radius defects in rabbits. Delivery systems using absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) and fibrin glue (FG) were also evaluated. Methods: Radius defects were made in 12 New Zealand white rabbits. After autoclaving, the resected bone was reinserted and fixed. The animals were classified into three groups: only AAB reinserted (group 1, control), and AAB and ErhBMP-2 inserted using an ACS (group 2) or FG (group 3) as a carrier. Animals were sacrificed six or 12 weeks after surgery. Specimens were evaluated using radiology and histology. Results: Micro-computed tomography images showed the best bony union in group 2 at six and 12 weeks after operation. Quantitative analysis showed all indices except trabecular thickness were the highest in group 2 and the lowest in group 1 at twelve weeks. Histologic results showed the greatest bony union between AAB and radial bone at twelve weeks, indicating the highest degree of engraftment. Conclusion: ErhBMP-2 increases bony healing when applied on AAB graft sites. In addition, the ACS was reconfirmed as a useful delivery system for ErhBMP-2.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2022

Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) convert ethanol to acetic acid through oxidation, and the fermentation pathway of AAB is important in the vinegar industry. The genus Acetobacter is the representative one of AAB, and several Korean traditional vinegars are produced using Acetobacter strains. Until now, four species in the genus Acetobacter were reported as native species in Korea. During the past two years, we isolated several AAB strains from fruits, flowers and fermented foods, and several AAB species unrecorded in Korea were found on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. In this study, we report eight Acetobacter species as native ones which are A. fabarum C10-3 (=KACC 21483) isolated from plumcot fruit (Naju-si), A. lovaniensis KDG-EC1 (=KACC 22697) isolated from diced radish kimchi (Naju-si), A. okinawensis GAM12-M2 (=KACC 22696) isolated from persimmon fruit (Sangju-si), A. orientalis FR32C4 (=KACC 22370) isolated from fruit of Cudrania tricuspidata (Jeonju-si), A. papaya FR35B3 (=KACC 22046) isolated from grape fruit (Yeongdong-gun), A. suratthaniensis GAM15-R2 (=KACC 22694) isolated from persimmon fruit(Gimje-si), A. syzygii C25-1 (=KACC 22048) isolated from peach fruit (Namwon-si) and A. thailandicus JDF1-M1 (=KACC 22693) isolated from plum fruit(Seoul).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2010

본 연구는 비거세돈 12두를 이용하여 돼지 복강 및 피하지방 감소 후보 항체를 생체 주사 처리 시 체중, 분 소화율 및 혈액 대사물질 등 영양생리대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시하였다. Choi 등(2010)에서 개발된 돼지 복강 및 피하지방 감소 후보 항체를 피하 주사하였을 때 주사 후 4주까지 평균 체중은 수치적 증가가 발생했으나(P>0.05), 전 기간에 걸쳐 수치적 증가를 보여 항체의 처리로 인한 영향보다는 돼지의 일반적인 성장에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 항제 주사 처리 시 건물, 조단백질, 조지방 및 조섬유의 분 소화율은 항체 주사 전, 후 및 시험구 간의 통계적 유의성이 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). 조회분 소화율의 경우 항체 주사 후 2주째 control에서 감소를 및 4주째 NAb에서 증가를 보였으나(P< 0.05), AAb 및 SAb에서는 유의적 변화가 없었다. 혈액 대사물질의 변화에서는 항체 주사 후 4주의 AAb 및 SAb에서 BUN 농도가 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 하지만, 후보 항체 주사 전에서도 유사한 패턴으로 유의적 증가를 보여 항체 처리에 의한 차이보다는 개체간의 차이로 사료된다. 혈액 내 glucose 및 TG 농도는 후보 항체 처리에 의한 유의적 차이는 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). 체지방 함량과 밀접한 관계에 있는 혈액 내 TC 농도에서는 control 대비 후보 항체 주사 후 4주차 AAb 및 SAb에서 유의적 감소가 나타나(P<0.05), 체지방 감소가 일어나고 있음을 간접적으로 추론할 수 있다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때, 본 연구에서 이용된 AAb 및 SAb는 in vivo 영양생리대사에 부정적 영향을 미치지 않는 안전한 항체로 판단된다.