• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to understand the physiological characteristics of muscular men between the ages of 20 and 34 years who are distinct from the general population due to their muscular development, and to categorize them according to upper body somatotypes. This research was conducted in order to provide basic data necessary for developing clothing products for muscular men. The research method and results were as follows: 1. The study carried out factor analysis with the body measuring value of 168 muscular men according to the body classification method of Sheldon and Heath-Carter. The study materialized muscular men's lower body types statistically by carrying out cluster analysis, regarding scores of each factor extracted from the factor analysis as an independent variable. The study also carried out discriminant analysis with the results of cluster analysis classified so that morphological characters of each type were remarkably distinguished. 2. As the results of factor analysis, the study set up number of factors as three. Factor 1 occupied 38.149% of the total variables as a size factor of the lower body. Factor 2 occupied 20.417% of the total variables as a height and length factor of the lower body. Factor 3 occupied 8.466% of the total variables as a length factor of the hip. 3. The study classified the lower body type into three types and the characteristics by each type were as follows. Type 1 was a group with the best developed muscle in the lower of the body, considering that a size of their lower bodies was the largest. Type 2 was well-balanced muscular males though a size of the lower body was smaller than other types. This type didn't have fatness of the abdomen and large hips. Type 3 was a body type that the length from the waist to the hip was long. 4. As the results of carrying out discriminant analysis to distinguish muscular men's lower body types, the discriminant accuracy was 86.3% over all in the lower bodies.

• 복식
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.117-130
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• 2000

The purpose of this thesis is to offer basic data for clothing design which is intended to apply appropriate shape and capacity to clothes. The following are the analyzed results of an investigation which was conducted to characterize the upper half of the female body of 193 women whose ages are 18 to 25, taking part in this investigation. According to the results of analyzing young women's bust, I came to find a large individual difference of the wide varying factor numbers at the items of the side feature, the body stance, and the dart quantity. For the analysis of the female's upper body, 11 factors are used. The are as follows: Factor 1. width of the bust Factor 2. height of the bust and length of the arm Factor 3. side thickness of the bust and the upside type Factor 4. length of the bust on the front Factor 5. length of the bust on the back Factor 6. salient ratio of the breast Factor 7. width of the neck. the armhole, and measurement of the droop Factor 8. length of the shoulder Factor 9. flat ratio of the bust Factor 10. inclination of the shoulder factor 11. form of the back The shape of young women's upper bodies can be divided into four groups. The character ization of each group are as follows : Group 1 . 28.5% of the women who take part in this investigation belong to Group 1 These women have the shortest body, with a longer length of the front than the back and more thickness on the front than the back. Group 2. 21.1% of the women who take part in this investigation belong to this group. They show a longer length of the back and more thickness of the back than the front. In addition, this group is bent forward. Group 3. This group is the mast common type, showing the shortest and thickest character. 37.8% of the women who take part in this investigation have this bust character Group 4. 12.4% of the women belong to Group 4. They possess the highest and fattest character, skewing smaller necks, armholes, and waists than the other groups. This group also shows the drooping shoulders.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.490-497
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• 2018

본 연구는 국내 주식시장을 대상으로 고유변동성을 위험요인으로 산출한 CIV(common idiosyncratic volatility)요인이 가격결정요인으로 평가될 수 있는지를 검증하였다. 분석기간은 1992년 7월부터 2016년 6월까지로 설정하였으며, 총 288개월간의 월별 자료를 이용하였다. 본 연구의 주요 실증결과는 다음과 같다. CIV요인 계수를 기준으로 구성된 검증포트폴리오들의 CIV요인민감도 차이에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 수익률 차이를 보임으로써 CIV요인에 대한 위험프리미엄이 존재하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, CIV요인에 대한 위험프리미엄은 기존의 요인모형들에 CIV요인을 추가함으로써 잘 설명되는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 CIV요인은 유의한 위험프리미엄을 가지고 있으며 가격결정요인의 관점에서 평가가 가능한 것으로 판단된다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2005

A new calibration method for exact measurement of friction force in atomic force microscope (AFM) is presented. A new conversion factor involves a contact factor affected by tip, cantilever and contact stiffness. Especially the effect of contact stiffness on the conversion factor between lateral force and lateral signal is considered. Conventional conversion factor and a new modified conversion factor were experimentally compared. Results showed that a new calibration method could minimize the effect of normal load on friction force and improve the conventional method. A new method could be applied to the specimens with different physical properties.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2008

Objective : To establish a standard for discriminating between deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome and selecting reinforcing or reducing method. Methods :Deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome were divided into excess of pathogenic factor with sufficiency of vital energy syndrome, weakness of pathogenic factor with deficiency of vital energy syndrome and excess of pathogenic factor with deficiency of vital energy syndrome. Documentary survey was done for each case. Results : Excess of pathogenic factor with sufficiency of vital energy syndrome is an excess syndrome and a reducing method must be used. Weakness of pathogenic factor with deficiency of vital energy syndrome is a deficiency syndrome and a reinforcing method must be used. Excess of pathogenic factor with deficiency of vital energy syndrome is related to deficiency syndrome and a reinforcing method must mainly be used. Conclusions :Deficiency or sufficiency of vital energy is the standard for discriminating between deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome and selecting a reinforcing or reducing method.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.2007-2014
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• 2000

It has been reported that the dynamic stress intensity factor for a propagating crack is increasing or decreasing according to the increasement of the crack propagating velocity. It is confirmed in this study that the increasement or decreasement of stress intensity factor with crack growing velocity is accused by loading condition. When the crack propagates under a constant displacement along upper and lower boundary in finite plate, the dynamic stress intensity factor decreases according to the increasement of the propagating crack velocity. When the crack propagates under a constant stress along upper and lower boundary in finite plate, the dynamic stress intensity factor increases according to the increasement of the propagating crack velocity. The increasement or decreasement of stress intensity factor with crack growing velocity is greater in a fast crack propagation velocity than in a slow one.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2015

Purpose - The distribution of agricultural products is changing due to recent shifts in environmental free trade. Specifically, the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products has weakened as a result of the Korea-China Financial Trade Agreement. Agricultural producers are faced with increasing difficulties and organized production centers are growing in importance daily. To overcome this crisis, agricultural producer organizations are vying for environment-friendly agricultural certifications, Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). In particular, as consumer demand for higher safety grows, farmers are increasing their certification rates. Therefore, this certification system is expected to help strengthen the competitiveness of agricultural producer organizations. Research design/data/methodology - Organized production centers are classified by certification. A survey was conducted with 91 organizations using factor analysis and logistic regression analysis for the examination. The factor analysis results are as follows. Raw material procurement, education·specialization, marketing, joint business, organizing ability, business management, effectiveness, certification, and larger organizations were classified as the nine types of factors. These factors affect the organized production centers and are used in the logistic regression analysis. The purpose of such research and analysis is to suggest a direction for future production center policies. Results - The basic statistical results are as follows: analysis of the producer organizations of 91 sites, average number of members per site of 1,624, and average sales of 25,961 million won. Additionally, the average income per farmer is 175 million won, and the pooling system rate is 53.5%. The factor analysis results are as follows. Factor 1 consists of contract cultivation, ongoing shipment, selection subdivision, traceability, and major retailer management. Factor 2 consists of manual cultivation, specialty selection, education program, and R&D. Factor 3 consists of advertising, various dealers, various sales strategies, and a unified sales counter. Factor 4 consists of agricultural materials co-purchase, policy support, co-shipment, and incentives. Factor 5 consists of the co-selection and pooling system. Factor 6 consists of co-branding and operating by the organization's article. Factor 7 consists of the buy-sell ratio and rate of operation of the agriculture promotion center. Factor 8 consists of bargaining power in volume and participation rate of farmer certification. Factor 9 consists of increasing new subscribers. The logistic regression analysis results are as follows. Considering the results by type of certification, the environment-friendly agricultural certification type and the GAP certification type have a (+) influence. GAP and HACCP certification types affecting the education·specialization factor have a (+) influence. Considering the results for each type of certification, the environment-friendly agricultural certification types on the effectiveness factor have (-) influence; the HACCP certification types on the organizing ability and effectiveness factor have a (-) influence. Conclusions - Agricultural producer organizations should develop plans as follows: The organizations need to secure education for agricultural production; increase the pooling system ratio for sustainable organizational development; and, finally, expand the number of agricultural producer organizations.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.743-756
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to set measurement parts which are important to identify the size and shape of the head in order to produce tightly fitted hats, and to identify detailed sizes and the major factors of head shape classifications of Korean women. A total of 285 Korean women's in the age group of 18 to 35 years old. It were measured through the direct measurement method by selecting 67 measurement items. Materials were analyzed by SPSS Ver.10 and technology statistics and factor analysis were performed according to the agenda. An attempt was made to conduct factor analysis of the measured region of the head in women's. Here, this study drew the head and the facial parts horizontal size as Factor 1, the head and facial parts vertical size as Factor 2, the circumference and width item as Factor 3, the factor representing the form of head height as Factor 4, the factor expressing the proportion of the facial form as Factor 5 and the factor about the frontal and back head form on the plan of the middle as Factor 6. Through this study, we will be able to systemize head measurement materials that can differentiate Korean's head from other peoples' and can use the results in developing head shape models according to Korean's head shape by selecting major head parts needed to identify the sizes and shapes.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

목 적: 향상된 동적쐐기인자(EDW-Factor)의 핵심 내용을 적용한 수식으로 EDW-Factor을 쉽게 계산하고, 측정을 통하여 유효성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: EDW-Factor의 계산을 위한 구간선량표(Golden Segmented Treatment Table, GSTT)는 제공된 값을 이용하였다. 검출기는 물팬텀(Phantom)에서 0.6 cc 파머형 전리조와 전위계를 사용하였다. 측정은 선원표면거리 100 cm에서 측정점을 각 에너지의 최대선량점으로 하여 시행하였다. 광자선 에너지는 6 MV와 15 MV 모두 측정하였고, EDW는 Y1-OUT방향에서 $60^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$ EDW을 선택하였다. 치료계획시스템은 Eclipse planning system (Varian, USA)을 이용하였다. 모든 조사야와 EDW 방향에 대하여 EDW-Factor를 계산할 수 있도록 하고, 측정은 EDW-Factor의 특징을 잘 나타낼 수 있도록 EDW-Factor의 X, Y-jaw 의존성과 OFF-Axis 조사야 영향을 검증할 수 있는 조사야를 선택하였다. 결 과: Y1 조사야가 달라지면 EDW-Factor는 달라지고 그에 따라 측정값도 다르게 나타지만 계산값과 측정값의 오차는 1% 이내였다. 계산중심점(측정점)이 치료중심(isocenter)이거나 아니거나 EDW의 각도가 적어질수록 계산값과 측정값의 오차가 적어지는 경향을 나타내었다. 전체 조사야 크기 및 에너지에 따른 오차의 경향은 찾을 수 없었다. 측정 조건을 치료계획시스템에서 구현하여 얻어지는 MU와 상용프로그램에서 얻어진 EDW-Factor을 이용한 매뉴얼 계산 MU을 비교한 결과 그 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었다. 결 론: 일반적으로 알려진 EDW-Factor식에서 fitting 값을 제외하고 EDW-Factor의 핵심내용만을 적용한 수식으로 EDWFactor를 계산하고 측정하여 검증하였을 때 오차는 1% 이내로 보여, 정확한 EDW-Factor 계산 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 상용프로그램에서 구현하여 각각의 조사야에서 EDW-Factor를 측정하지 않고, 보편적으로 쉽게 EDW-Factor를 얻을 수 있도록 하였다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제17권
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• pp.335-358
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is in investigating the tax clients for their relationship with tax preparers and the general levels of characteristics for the taxation objects, and establishing significant relationships of the two major factors-satisfaction factors and characteristics of the clients-on the satisfaction of the clients. The results of this study will provide an important basic data required for rational management of tax clients. A total of 20 sub-hypotheses were used, which can essentially be summarized into the following three major statements. The hypotheses investigation results can be summarized as below. First, as for the characteristic factors of the preparer, the taxation knowledge factor and the client satisfaction factor were found to be in a significant median positive relationship, and the experience factor and the client satisfaction factor were found to be in a relatively less significant relationship. Second, the factor on the relationship with the preparer and the client satisfaction factor were all found to be in a highly significant positive relationship. Third, in order to measure the characteristics of the taxation objects, relationships between potential tax reductions factor, probability of taxable income adjustments factor, and the client satisfaction factor were analyzed, and they were found to have positive relationships of relatively high significance. Fourth, the average for the client satisfaction factor by industry was found to be the highest for the manufacturing industry, followed by wholesalers and retailers. Other sectors showed little deviation from the average of 4.9, but this factor was not statistically significant. Fifth, the average difference examination of the satisfaction levels for the clients with or without experience of taxable income adjustments showed that those without experience of taxable income adjustments had higher satisfaction levels. Sixth, 12 study hypotheses had been proposed in order to investigate the relationship between the client satisfaction factors and the client satisfaction levels according to the characteristics of clients. Among the 12 sub-hypotheses, except for the study hypothesis of investigating the relationship between the tax preparer's taxation knowledge and the client's satisfaction levels according to the experience of taxable income adjustments, 11 study hypotheses were all not adopted.