• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.247-263
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• 2016

Let $M_{1}f(x,y):=\frac{3}{4}f(x+y)-\frac{1}{4}f(-x-y)+\frac{1}{4}f(x-y)+\frac{1}{4}f(y-x)-f(x)-f(y)$, $M_{2}f(x,y):=2f(\frac{x+y}{2})+f(\frac{x-y}{2})+f(\frac{y-x}{2})-f(x)-f(y)$. Using the direct method, we prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of the additive-quadratic ρ-functional inequalities (0.1) $N(M_{1}f(x,y),t){\geq}N({\rho}M_{2}f(x,y),t)$ where ρ is a fixed real number with |ρ| < 1, and (0.2) $N(M_{2}f(x,y),t){\geq}N({\rho}M_{1}f(x,y),t)$ where ρ is a fixed real number with |ρ| < $\frac{1}{2}$.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.3 no.2 s.5
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• pp.236-242
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• 1999

J noise component due to base spreading resistance ${\gamma}_{bb}$ of bipolar junction transistors fabricated by BiCMOS process is experimentally analyzed. The analysis of equivalent noise circuit for common collector shows that output 1/f noise value is purely generated from ${\gamma}_{bb}\;when\;g_m^{-1}-{\gamma}_{bb}-R_B$ is closely to zero. From the $S^{1/f}_{Irbb}=K_fI_b{^{A_1}}/f$, we fine that $A_f=2,\;K_f{\simeq}5{\times}10^{-9}$. And Hooge constant ${\alpha}$ values are in the order, of 10$^{-3}$.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7053-7060
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• 2015

In the present work, novel orange peel was extracted with 100%EtOH (ethanol) and fractionated into four fractions namely F1, F2, F3, F4 which were eluted from paper chromatographs using 100%EtOH, 80%EtOH, 50%EtOH and pure water respectively. The crude extract and its four fractions were evaluated for their total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and radical scavenging activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Their cytotoxic activity using WST assay and DNA damage by agarose gel electrophoresis were also evaluated in a human leukemia HL-60 cell line. The findings revealed that F4 had the highest TPC followed by crude extract, F2, F3 and F1. However, the crude extract had the highest TFC followed by F4, F3, F2, and F1. Depending on the values of $EC_{50}$ and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, F4 possessed the strongest antioxidant activity while F1 and F2 displayed weak antioxidant activity. Further, incubation HL-60 cells with extract/fractions for 24h caused an inhibition of cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. F3 and F4 exhibited a high antiproliferative activity with a narrow range of $IC_{50}$ values ($45.9-48.9{\mu}g/ml$). Crude extract exhibited the weakest antiproliferative activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of $314.89{\mu}g/ml$. Analysis of DNA fragmentation displayed DNA degradation in the form of a smear-type pattern upon agarose gel after incubation of HL-60 cells with F3 and F4 for 6 h. Overall, F3 and F4 appear to be good sources of phytochemicals with antioxidant and potential anticancer activities.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.24 no.1_2
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• pp.357-366
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• 2007

Let G(V, E) be a simple graph, and let f be an integer function on V with $1{\leq}f(v){\leq}d(v)$ to each vertex $v{\in}V$. An f-edge cover-coloring of a graph G is a coloring of edge set E such that each color appears at each vertex $v{\in}V$ at least f(v) times. The f-edge cover chromatic index of G, denoted by ${\chi}'_{fc}(G)$, is the maximum number of colors such that an f-edge cover-coloring of G exists. Any simple graph G has an f-edge cover chromatic index equal to ${\delta}_f\;or\;{\delta}_f-1,\;where\;{\delta}_f{=}^{min}_{v{\in}V}\{\lfloor\frac{d(v)}{f(v)}\rfloor\}$. Let G be a connected and not complete graph with ${\chi}'_{fc}(G)={\delta}_f-1$, if for each $u,\;v{\in}V\;and\;e=uv{\nin}E$, we have ${\chi}'_{fc}(G+e)>{\chi}'_{fc}(G)$, then G is called an f-edge covered critical graph. In this paper, some properties on f-edge covered critical graph are discussed. It is proved that if G is an f-edge covered critical graph, then for each $u,\;v{\in}V\;and\;e=uv{\nin}E$ there exists $w{\in}\{u,v\}\;with\;d(w)\leq{\delta}_f(f(w)+1)-2$ such that w is adjacent to at least $d(w)-{\delta}_f+1$ vertices which are all ${\delta}_f-vertex$ in G.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.1307-1317
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• 2020

Let f be a nonconstant meromorphic function of hyper order strictly less than 1, and let c be a nonzero finite complex number such that f(z + c) ≢ f(z). We prove that if ∆_cf = f(z + c) - f(z) and f share 0, ∞ CM and 1 IM, then ∆_cf = f. Our result generalizes and greatly improves the related results.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1.1-13
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• 1990

Authors have performed the sensory evaluation tests according to each given items after selecting various lines in order to assess the visual effects by the lines in cloth designing. The evaluations were done by means of ranking tests followed by paired comparison tests. The results obtained were as follows : 1. In the item in than "Shoulder width looks wide", the design C3 showed the best visual effect, and then B1, F8, and A5 comes in order. In "Shoulder width looks narrow", they were A2, F5, F7, and B2 in order. 2. In "Bust looks big", the effect was best in F9, and then B1, F5, C3, and A5 and order. "Bust looks small" item showed A3, C1, and F1 in order. 3. In "Waist looks thick", they were B2, D1, and F7 while in "Waist looks thin", they were B3, F8, and D6 in order. 4. In the item in that "Hip looks big", the best effect was in F9, and then E3, C2, and B4 in order. In "Hip looks small", the best one was C1, and then comes. E1, F6, and F8. 5. In "Upper body looks thick", they were D2, D4, F8, C3 and A5 in order whild in "Upper body looks thin", they were A1, F5, and D7 in order. 6. In the item "Lower body lookds thick", they were F9, C2, E3, B3, and D3 in order. In "Lower body looks thin", the best one was C1, and then D1, E2, F6, and F8 comes in order. 7. In "whole body looks thick", they were F9, F3, D3, and A5, and in "Whole body looks thin", they were F5, A1, C1, and D6 in order. 8. In "Height looks tall", the effects were in order of A4, D6, E1, and F7 while in "Height looks short", they were E3, F9, B4, D2, and D1. 8. In "Height looks tall", the effects were in order of A4, D6, E1, and F7 while in "Height looks short", they were E3, F9, B4, D2, and D1. F9, B4, D2, and D1.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.39-46
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• 2013

This study examined the perception of two Korean vowels using F1/F2 manipulated synthetic vowels. Previous studies indicated that there is an overlap between the acoustic spaces of Korean /o/ and /u/ in terms of the first two formants. A continuum of eleven synthetic vowels were used as stimuli. The experiment consisted of three tasks: an /o/ identification task (Yes-no), an /u/ identification task (Yes-no), and a forced choice identification task (/o/-/u/). ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis and logistic regression were performed to calculate the boundary criterion of the two vowels along the stimulus continuum, and to predict the perceptual judgment on F1 and F2. The result indicated that the location between stimulus no.5 (F1 = 342Hz, F2 = 691Hz) and no.6 (F1 = 336Hz, F2 = 700Hz) was estimated as a perceptual boundary region between /o/ and /u/, while stimulus no.0 (F1=405Hz, F2=666Hz) and no.10 (F1=321Hz, F2=743Hz) were at opposite ends of the continuum. The influence of F2 was predominant over F1 on the perception of the vowel categories.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.951-965
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• 2019

Let $f:X{\rightarrow}X$ be a continuous map on a compact metric space (X, d) and for an arbitrary $x{\in}X$, $${\mathcal{SC}}_d(x,f):=\{y{\mid}x{\text{ can be strong }}d-{\text{chain to }}y\}$$. We give an example to show that ${\mathcal{SC}}_d(x,f)$ is dependent on the metric d on X but it is a closed and f-invariant set. We prove that if ${\mathcal{SC}}_d(x,f){\supseteq}{\Omega}(f)$ or f has the asymptotic-average shadowing property, then ${\mathcal{SC}}_d(x,f)=X$. Also, we show that if f has the shadowing property, then ${\lim}\;{\sup}_{n{\in}{\mathbb{N}}}\{f^n\}={\mathcal{SC}}_d(f)$ where ${\mathcal{SC}}_d(f)=\{(x,y){\mid}y{\in}{\mathcal{SC}}_d(x,f)\}$. For each $n{\in}{\mathbb{N}}$, we give an example in which ${\mathcal{SCR}}_d(f^n){\neq}{\mathcal{SCR}}_d(f)$. In spite of it, we prove that if $f^{-1}:(X,d){\rightarrow}(X,d)$ is an equicontinuous map, then ${\mathcal{SCR}}_d(f^n)={\mathcal{SCR}}_d(f)$ for all $n{\in}{\mathbb{N}}$.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.5_6
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• pp.1421-1433
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• 2011

In this paper, using a fixed point approach, the generalized Hyeres-Ulam stability of the following quadratic functional equation $f(x+y+z)+f(x+{\sigma}(y))+f(y+{\sigma}(z))+f(x+{\sigma}(z))=3(f(x)+f(y)+f(z))$ will be studied, where f is a function from abelian group G into a quasi-${\beta}$-normed space and ${\sigma}$ is an involution on the group G. Next, we consider its pexiderized equation of the form $f(x+y+z)+f(x+{\sigma}(y))+f(y+{\sigma}(z))+f(x+{\sigma}(z))=g(x)+g(y)+g(z)$ and its generalized Hyeres-Ulam stability.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.681-688
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• 1995

Fixed-point theory has an extension to coincidences. For a pair of maps $f,g:X_1 \to X_2$, a coincidence of f and g is a point $x \in X_1$ such that $f(x) = g(x)$, and $Coin(f,g) = {x \in X_1 $\mid$ f(x) = g(x)}$ is the coincidence set of f and g. The Nielsen coincidence number N(f,g) and the Lefschetz coincidence number L(f,g) are used to estimate the cardinality of Coin(f,g). The aspherical manifolds whose fundamental group has a normal solvable subgroup of finite index is called infrasolvmanifolds. We show that if $M_1,M_2$ are compact connected orientable infrasolvmanifolds, then $N(f,g) \geq $\mid$L(f,g)$\mid$$ for every $f,g : M_1 \to M_2$.