• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 630 nm light emitting diode (LED)와 광감작제인 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)를 이용하여 병원균에 대한 광역학치료의 효과를 평가하는 것이었다. 1.5×10⁴ cells/mL의 세균 현탁액을 ALA 농도의 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625 mg/mL로 희석하여 30분간 배양 후 LED (energy density 18 J/cm² )빛을 조사하였다 그 결과는 P. aeruginosa 에서는 광감작제를 처리하지 않은 군과 LED 빛만을 쬔 것은 각 평균 415, 245개가 형성되었다. 이에 반해 광역학 치료군인 ALA의 농도 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25 mg/mL에서 평균 109, 225, 297, 285개의 집락이 형성되었다. E. faecalis에서는 대조군인 광감작제를 처리하지 않은 군은 평균 8,750개의 집락을 형성하였고 빛만 쬔 군은 평균 8,000개의 집락을 형성하였다. 이에 반해 광역학 치료군인 ALA의 농도 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625 mg/mL 에서 평균 0, 2350, 4825, 7475개의 집락이 형성되었다. 결론적으로 그람음성균이 P. aeruginosa 보다 E. faecalis에서 더 좋은 광역학 치료효과를 보였으며, ALA와 630 nm LED를 이용한 광역학 치료의 가능성을 증명하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.558-560
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• 2012

The 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced tumor fluorescence is a useful intraoperative marker for the diagnosis and the detection of various malignancies, but its use in meningioma is only reported infrequently. In meningioma, a complete resection of the tumor mass is crucial for the prevention of recurrence and postoperative morbidities. Deep sylvian meningioma is a rare type of meningioma where complete tumor removal is complicated by its deep anatomical location and close involvement with the middle cerebral artery. From our experience, 5-ALA-mediated fluorescence facilitated a safe excision whilst preserving critical neurovascular structures. To our best knowledge, this is first report from use of 5-ALA in a deep sylvian meningioma.

• 분석과학
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2014

${\delta}$-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA)는 생물권내에 폭넓게 존재하는 화합물이고, 포유류에서 헴(heme)과 식물에서 엽록소 생성을 하게하는 경로에서 만들어진 테트라피롤의 중간물질로써 생체내 중요한 역할을 한다. ALA는 생분해성 매개자, 성장 조절자, 헴단백질의 전구체 그리고 암 치료에서 사용되는 효과적인 물질로써 관심이 있다. 최근에는 ALA가 피부 치료의 좋은 효과를 가지고 있어 피부과학에서 빈번히 사용된다고 보고되어 있는데, 하지만 지난 몇 십 년 동안, 많은 연구가 ALA 메커니즘의 설명과 치료적 활성 개선에 초점을 맞춰왔지만, 세포 기능과 세포생장에 대한 ALA의 효과는 아직 불분명하다. 본 연구에서는 ALA의 약물학적 효과가 HEK293T 뿐만 아니라, HaCaT와 HeLa 세포에서 세포분열을 억제하는 것으로 확인을 하였다. 또한, ALA가 처리된 세포에서는 세포예정사가 유도되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과들은 특정 세포에 ALA가 처리되면 세포증식을 억제하며, 특히 인간의 암세포의 죽임을 유발하는 효과적인 약물 중 하나로써 ALA를 개선된 치료 전략으로 가능성을 제시한다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1912-1920
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• 2021

Objective: This study investigated the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) on the motility parameters, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and ATP levels in chicken sperm. Methods: The pooled semen from Barred Plymouth Rock males was used. In the first experiment, the semen was diluted 4-times with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS (-)) containing various concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mM) of 5-ALA, and then the sperm motility parameters after incubation were evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). In the second experiment, the semen was diluted 4-times with PBS (-) containing 0.05 mM 5-ALA, and then sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ATP levels after 1.5 h of incubation were analyzed with the MitoPT^® JC-1 Assay and ATP Assay kits, respectively. In the third experiment, the semen was removed from the seminal plasma and resuspended with the mediums of PBS (-), PBS (-) supplemented with CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ (PBS (+)) + 5-ALA, PBS (+) + caffeine, and PBS (+) + caffeine + 5-ALA. Then, the sperm motility parameters after incubation were evaluated by CASA. In the last experiment, the semen was treated with the mediums of PBS (-), PBS (-) + 5-ALA, 5.7% glucose, 5.7% glucose + 5-ALA after removing the seminal plasma, and then the sperm motility parameters were evaluated by CASA. Results: The addition of 0.05 mM 5-ALA significantly increased the chicken sperm motility, progressive motility, linearity, average path velocity, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, and the wobble. The sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization was also increased by the 5-ALA treatment. The 5-ALA treatment decreased the sperm ATP levels. Both the caffeine treatment and glucose treatment decreased the sperm motility during incubation period. Conclusion: 5-ALA might increase sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization to utilize the ATP for enhancing sperm movement.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.512-514
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• 2002

S-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a new kind drug used in photodynamic therapy. ALA-PDT have successfully used in superficial malignancies and some skin diseases. Here the effects of ALA-PDT were studied on leukemia cells and hepatoma cells to explore the application on different kind cancers. It was found from the fluorescence emission spectra, that after ALA incubation the sensitizer - protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) was endogenously produced in both leukemia and hepatoma cells. The fluorescence images showed that the PpIX distribute in cytoplasm. However the efficiency of ALA photodynamic inactivation to two cell lines was different. The leukemia cells were more sensitive for ALA-PDT than hepatoma cells, revealing that the ALA-PDT effect is cell line dependent. However by using ALA-Hexyl ester (He-ALA) instead of ALA, the cell photo-inactivation was improved. The PDT efficiency of He-ALA was 10 times high than that of ALA, showing He-ALA is a very promising drug in ALA-PDT.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1997

토양에서 분리한 광합성 세균인 Rhodospirillum rubrum N-1 균주에 의한 ${\delta}$-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) 생산에 있어서 levulinic acid (LA) 및 ALA 생합성 경로의 첨가효과를 검토하였다. Glutamate를 제외한 Lascelles의 기본배지에 LA를 배양초기에 10mM, 이후 대수기 중기에 30 mM을 첨가한 결과 균체외의 ALA 생산성은 최고 45 mg/l 도달, LA 미첨가 대비 23배 증가하였다. ALA 생합성의 전구물질인 glycine-succinate ($C_4$) 및 glutamate ($C_5$)의 feeding 효과는 배양초기/대수기 중기에 LA 10/30 mM을, glutamate 30 mM/30 mM을 각각 첨가하는 한편, 대수기 중기에 10 mM 농도의 $C_4$ 전구물질을 별도로 첨가배양함으로써 미첨가 대비의 ALA 생산성이 약 40배 (75 mg/l) 증가하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2015

${\delta}$-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an endogenous metabolite formed in the mitochondria from succinyl-CoA and glycine, and plays a key role in the living body as an intermediate of the compound in the porphyrin biosynthesis pathway. ALA has been commonly used in photodynamic therapy for several years, because ALA is of interest as a biodegradable mediator, a growth regulator, and an effective agent used in dermatology. Here, we determined which ALA derivatives were the most effective for the inhibition of the cell proliferation and growth of human fibroblast. As a result, we found that the treatment of ALA derivatives including ALA, ALAP (ALA phosphate salt), MAL (Methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride salt), PBGL (phophobilinogen lactam) and PBGH (phophobilinogen-HCl) could attenuate cell proliferation of human fibroblast cells. Among them, PBGH was the most effective derivative. In addition, PBGH treatment could induce mitochondrial membrane depolarization, leading to cell death of human fibroblast. These results suggest that mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by ALA and PBGH treatment might be responsible for inhibition of cell proliferation and death. Taken together, our results propose the possibility that PBGH can be used as one of the effective drugs in human skin disease, psoriasis.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2003

Herbicidal activity of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid(ALA), an intermediate for the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll, heme, bacteriochlorophyll, and vitamin $\textrm{B}_{12}$ analogues, was examined to determine the variation in phytotoxic potential against different plant species as affected by different application methods. Seed-soaking treatment, ALA at low concentrations did not affect shoot and root lengths of test plants while at highest concentration reduced them by 20 to 30%. Alfalfa showed the most tolerant response to ALA in both pre- and post-emergence application, and followed by rice. When applied with pre-emergence, cotyledons of Chinese cabbage were severely bleached with 0.5 mM of ALA at 24 hrs after application, and root growth of rice, barnyard grass, and alfalfa was significantly inhibited with increasing of concentration. With post-emergence application, ALA at 2 to 4 mM reduced shoot and root growths of Chinese cabbage and barnyard grass completely. Herbicidal effects of ALA were more enhanced in the treatment combined with 2,2-dipyridyl sthan single application in barnyard grass and Chinese cabbage. The results suggest that alfalfa was the most tolerant to ALA among the tested plants, and that post-emergence application of ALA exhibited greatest photodynamic activity against tested plants.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2011

In order to enhance the clinical efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT), liposomal formulations using bulk hydrogenated phospholipids from soybean were introduced. Three types of lipids, S75-3, S100-3, and SL80-3 were used for formulating ALA. The pH of all the liposomal ALA is 4.5~5.5 and the size is 50~200 nm. All the liposomal formulations gave better ex vivo ALA skin penetration using nude mice skin in Franz cell than free ALA did. Among them, SL80-3 including 22% of lyso-phosphocholine achieved excellent ALA penetration when compared with those of S75-3 and S100-3 which have only 1~2% of lyso-phospholipids. S100-3 showed a little better results than S75-3 did. Addition of humectants (glycerine, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, betaine) in liposomal ALA formulated with SL80-3 produced little enhancing effect in ALA penetration. On the other hand, addition of surfactants (Tween 20, 60, Brij 72, 76, 78) in same liposomal system produced significant increase in ALA penetration. Among them, transferosomal system of lyso-phospholipid, SL80-3 and the surfactant, Brij76 showed the highest ALA penetration. Furthermore, this system also established the highest in vivo PpIX biosynthesis in hairy mice skin of C57BL/6. These results concluded that the transferosome of SL80-3 and Brij76 produced the best results in both ALA penetration and PpIX biosynthesis, and proved good correlation between them.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.171-174
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• 2006

형광을 이용한 암 진단을 위해 배양된 정상 및 암세포주에 광민감제인 5-ALA를 투여하고 세포 내 외에서 생성된 Protoporphyrin IX(PpIX)의 형광을 측정하여 5-ALA 투여의 최적농도를 조사하였다. 정상 간세포주(Chang) 및 자궁경부암 세포주(HeLa)에 5-ALA를 농도별로 투여하여 ALA에 의해 유도된 PpIX의 생성을 확인하고, MTT assay로 세포생존율을 측정하였다. 배양된 cell에 5-ALA를 투여한 후 24시간 동안 배양함으로써 생성되는 PpIX의 양은 형광의 강도로 측정하였다. HeLa 세포주에 대한 5-ALA의 최적농도는 $50{\mu}g/ml$이며, 이 때의 형광(emission) 스펙트럼은 여기 파장이 410 nm일 때 602.3 nm, 659.9 nm에서 형광 봉우리가 관찰되었다. PpIX의 형광 강도를 측정한 결과, PpIX는 정상세포에서는 낮은 농도로 축적이 되는 반면에 암세포에서 더 높은 농도로 축적되었으며, 세포 외보다는 세포 내에서 더 높은 농도로 축적됨을 알 수 있었다.