• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.710-721
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• 2021

연구목적: 본 연구는 수난구조현장에서의 순직사고에 대한 원인을 분석하고 이에 대한 대처방안을 제시하여 순직사고를 예방하여 보다 질 높은 119구조서비스를 제공할 수 있는 환경을 마련하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법: 지난 10년간 수난구조활동 소방공무원 순직사고 사례 중에서 주요사례 5건을 분석하고 4M분석기법을 통해 4가지 측면(Man, Machine, Media, Management)에서 원인과 대응방안을 도출하고자 한다. 연구결과: 인적 측면에서는 현장안전의식부족등이, 장비적 측면에서는 장비자체의 부재문제등이, 정보환경 측면에서는 구조현장에 대한 정보부족등이, 관리적 측면에서는 구조현장별 대응 매뉴얼의 부재와 부실등이 주요원인으로 도출되었다. 결론: 인적측면에서는 SOP숙지 및 교육훈련 강화등이, 장비측면에서는 변화하는 구조현장에 적합한 장비의 도입등이, 정보환경측면에서는 구조활동 환경에 대한 충분한 정보제공 및 주기적 도상훈련 실시등이, 관리적 측면에서는 현장안전관리 계획 및 매뉴얼의 제정 및 전파등의 정책적 제언을 도출하였다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine firefighters' work-related accident rate and investigate the factors affecting their on-site safety. Methods: We developed a web-based self-reported questionnaire designed to inquire into firefighters' work-related accident experience and the factors (4M; Man, Machine, Media, Management) affecting firefighters' on-site safety. We distributed questionnaires to all members of firefighting organizations in South Korea by e-mail and 9,149 were returned, resulting in a response rate of 23.1%. Results: Fifteen point seven percent of the respondents reported work-related injuries within the past one year, and 35.1% answered that current accident investigation reports are not helpful for preventing the same accident from recurring. Among the 4M factors, the one most affecting firefighters' on-site safety in the order of priority is the Man factor, followed by Machine, Media, and Management. However, the results from detailed sub-categorical factors showed some differences. 'Lack of human resources', one of the Management factors, was the most influential (70.3%), followed by 'worn-out equipment' under the Machine factor (67.2%). The viewpoint of elements of the Man factor including 'forgetting instructions' and 'fatigue and illness' were significantly different according to firefighters' rank. The higher the firefighter's rank, the more they answered 'forgetting instructions,' while the opposite was the case for 'fatigue and disease'. Conclusions: The present firefighters' accident investigation report needs to be improved, and the 4M method could prove very useful. In addition, it is necessary to set up a proper firefighters' accident investigation and prevention system.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2020

2017년 기준 우리나라 산업재해자의 28.5%, 산업재해 사망자의 29.6%를 건설업이 차지하고 있어 국내 산업재해율 저감을 위해서는 건설업에 대한 우선적 재해 저감 방안 모색이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 건설재해 영향요인을 대상으로 DEMATEL 분석을 수행하여 이에 기반한 건설재해 저감을 위한 개선방향을 제시하였다. 분석 결과, 4M 요인 중에서는 관리적요인, 4M 세부요인 별로는, 작업자의 개인특성, 기계·설비의 자체결함과 미흡한 기계·설비의 점검 및 정비, 미흡한 안전관리 계획, 부적절한 작업지시가 가장 근본적이고 중심적인 요인인 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 DEMATEL 분석을 통해 건설재해 개선방향 수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.11-18
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• 2008

This research modified the checklist used in the universities in USA, England and Korea considering the current situation of Korea, and conducted case studies upon each section of appointed chemical laboratories based on 4M criteria, which stands for Machine, Media, Man and Management. The purpose of the studies is to assess how dangerous the laboratories are and to contribute to prevention of accidentsin the laboratories as well as reducing loss of lives and property. The result of this research found out the harmful and hazardous factors based on the 4M-type checklist and predicted the dangerousness as it multiplies possible frequency by intensity. Protective equipment, safety facilities in laboratories, emergency exit and compressed gas cylinder are found to be more dangerous, so the result shows that it is desirable to improve ventilation, safety facilities and circumstances of the laboratory through the investment.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2024

Purpose: This study examines the persistent occurrence of railway accidents despite numerous safety devices, highlighting the multifaceted nature of these incidents. Research design, data and methodology: Utilizing the 4M analysis method, the research investigates a decade's worth of accident reported from the Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board to identify risk factors and suggest mitigation measures. Results: The analysis reveals that 57% of railway accidents are attributed to human factors, followed by mechanical (28%), environmental (7%), and management (8%) factors. Conclusions: The study underscores the necessity of prioritizing safety and establishing a unified organizational approach to prevent human error accidents. It calls for an alignment of risk perception between headquarters and field operations, advocating for educational and perceptual changes, as well as systematic improvements to achieve safety goals.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2007

This study includes a case study among plastic process manufacturing companies, based on which, the currently used 4M method is applied in terms of machine, media, man, and management, to conduct quantitative risk evaluation, and thus to contribute to reducing human and material loss as well as preventing accidents in industrial fields. The result of this study is analyzed based on the 4M-risk assessment to find out the hazardous risk elements, and the quantitative evaluation made it predictable the value of risk(frequency $\times$ intensity) in such classified levels as serious risk, critical risk, and intolerable risk. Further, Among the businesses with hazardous risk elements and high frequency of industrial disaster, risk analysis was conducted for each process, and as a result, 38 cases among 76, including those of serious risk, critical risk, and intolerable risk, were improved, and the risk was reduced. Besides, it is thought that with the engineering approach with 4M-Risk Assessment, the attempt to improve safety level contributes to prevention of accidents.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

A new technology has provided the nation, industry, society, and people with innovative and useful functions. National economy and society has been improved through this technology innovation. Despite the benefit of technology innovation, however, since technology society was sufficiently mature, the unintended side effect and negative impact of new technology on society and human beings has been highlighted. Thus, it is important to investigate a risk of new technology for the future society. Recently, the risks of the new technology are being suggested through a large amount of social data such as news articles and report contents. These data can be used as effective sources for quantitatively and systematically forecasting social risks of new technology. In this respect, this paper aims to propose a data-driven process for forecasting and assessing social risks of future new technology using the text mining, 4M(Man, Machine, Media, and Management) framework, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). First, social risk factors are forecasted based on social risk keywords extracted by the text mining of documents containing social risk information of new technology. Second, the social risk keywords are classified into the 4M causes to identify the degree of risk causes. Finally, the AHP is applied to assess impact of social risk factors and 4M causes based on social risk keywords. The proposed approach is helpful for technology engineers, safety managers, and policy makers to consider social risks of new technology and their impact.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.58-68
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• 2007

철도차량 옥상 정비시 산업재해를 방지하기 위해서는 안전성을 확보한 철저한 준비 및 검토가 선행 되어야한다. 차량의 정비시 공정별 위험요소 및 제반 문제점을 도출하여 해결함으로써, 산업 재해를 방지 할수 있다. 차량의 중 정비시 추락 재해는 옥상 작업인 차량의 옥상에서 발생한다. 정비의 특성상 차량을 분리하고, 차량의 대차를 분리 한후, 받침대 위에 차량을 올려놓은 상태에서, 옥상 작업은 안전 시설의 효과적인 설치 및 활용이 어렵다. 4M 에 의한 분석을 통하여, 옥상 작업시 차량의 지붕에 안전 난간을 설치하여, 추락 재해를 방지하고, 심리적 불안감을 해소하여, 안전하게 작업할 수 있는 방안을 연구 하였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.340-346
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• 2020

In this study, the risk factors of coastal purse seine fisherman were analyzed through a survey of fishery workers of coastal purse seine fishery and the accident compensation insurance data of the fisheries workers of the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives (NFFC). The classified fishing operation accident data was analyzed through 4M (Man, Machine, Media, Management) model of the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and the accident prevention measures were presented using Harvey's 3E (Engineering, Education, Enforcement) model. The rate of accidents on coastal purse seinens each year was 75.8‰, 36.7‰ and 74.8‰ from 2015 to 2017. The accident frequency resulting from slipping was the highest, and the risk of a contact with gear was low. When comparing each insurance data, the average value of the contact with gear accident was the highest. This research result is expected to be important data in identifying and preventing safety hazards of coastal purse seiner fisherman in the future.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.82-93
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• 2019

The International Labor Organization (ILO) selected fishing as the most dangerous group of jobs in the world, and it is well known in Korea as a 4D industry. Offshore large purse seine accounts for the largest portion of the fishing industry in the coastal region with high death rate and the accident rate. The repeated disaster rate survey by the Korea Maritime Institute (KMI) shows offshore large purse seiner is the highest at 22.3 percent and coastal gill nets and offshore stow net are following at 12.4 percent and 11.9 percent in order. Therefore, risk factors occurring in offshore large purse seiners were analyzed based on data from the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives (NFFC) for three years from 2015 to 2017 and 4M (Man, Machine, Media, Management) 3E (Engineering, Education, Enforcement) techniques were used to provide a safe fishing environment. The number of accidents on offshore large purse seiners each year was more than 150, and the number of accidents on every fishing boats was as high as 17 percent in 2015. If the accident rate and the risk level were divided by insurance, the accident resulting from contact with machinery was the highest, and the risk of a contact with gear was low but frequently occurring. This was caused by collisions and contact with gear in situations where death and disappearance risk are not high, and accident types in situations where death and loss risk are considered to be contact with machinery, falls or other accidents. Through these analysis techniques, the frequency and risk of each type of accident on a offshore large purse seiners can be demonstrated, and it is expected to raise awareness of a safer fishing environment and contribute to the reduction of accidents.